德国毕克表面助剂 (2).ppt

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1、Jakarta, JWA + BYK Seminar, 22.04.2009, Peter van Dam,Surface Additives 表面助剂,Silicones and Acrylates 有机硅和丙烯酸酯, Page 2, Peter van Dam, BYK-Chemie, PGM Surface Additives,Topics,Surface tension theory 表面张力理论 Silicones to improve substrate wetting 有机硅促进底材润湿 Formation and prevention of craters 缩孔的形成和避免 D

2、efinition and improvement of flow and levelling 流动和流平的定义和流动和流平的定义的改进 Silicones to adjust surface slip 有机硅调整滑爽 Acrylic levelling additives 丙烯酸流平剂 Silicone surfactants 有机硅表面活性剂 Dynamic surface tension reduction 降低动态表面张力 Acrylated and OH-functional products 丙烯酸酯和羟基官能团产品 Silclean for easy to clean surfa

3、ces 表面易清洁产品, Page 3, Peter van Dam, BYK-Chemie, PGM Surface Additives,Molecules in liquids have a relatively high mobility 分子在液体中能相对的高速移动 Inbetween the molecules there are cohesive forces 分子间存在着内聚力 The higher these cohesive forces are, the higher the surface tension will be Water 73 mN/m = strong co

4、hesive forces hydrocarbons 23 mN/m = no cohesive forces,Surface tension 表面张力,内聚力越大，表面张力越高,水 强内聚力 烃 没有内聚力, Page 4, Peter van Dam, BYK-Chemie, PGM Surface Additives,Surface tension 表面张力, Page 5, Peter van Dam, BYK-Chemie, PGM Surface Additives,Objectives when formulating coatings* 涂料配方的目标,excellent fl

5、ow and levelling 优异的流动性和流平性 sufficient substrate wetting 充分的底材润湿 no crater 没有缩孔 are directly related to the surface tension of this coating 直接关系到该涂料的表面张力 organic modified silicones and acrylates influence the surface tension in such a way to improve these properties 有机改性有机硅和丙烯酸酯通过影响表面张力改善以上特性。, Page

6、 6, Peter van Dam, BYK-Chemie, PGM Surface Additives,Polydimethylsiloxane 聚二甲基硅氧烷,(CH3)3 Si O Si O Si (CH3)3,CH3,CH3,x,Hammertone 锤纹,Flow 流动,Surface slip 表面滑爽,Defoaming 消泡,x,2 - 27,45 - 230,380 - 1500,1800 - 2900,Compatible 相容,Incompatible 不相容, Page 7, Peter van Dam, BYK-Chemie, PGM Surface Additive

7、s,(CH3)3 Si O Si O Si O Si (CH3)3,CH3,CH3,y,x,Alkyl,mN/m,CH3,CH2CH3,(CH2)9CH3,21,26,32,Organic modified siloxane 有机改性硅氧烷,Organic Modification,Alkyl, Polyether 聚醚 (EO / PO) Aralkyl 芳烷基 Polyester 聚酯 reactive 反应型 - Acrylic 丙烯酸 - COOH 羧酸 - OH 羟基,芳烷基,有机改性, Page 8, Peter van Dam, BYK-Chemie, PGM Surface A

8、dditives,Substrate wetting* 底材润湿,Good substrate wetting: 良好的底材润湿： paint substrate,no additive 不含助剂,0,1% BYK-333,涂料 底材, Page 9, Peter van Dam, BYK-Chemie, PGM Surface Additives,Measuring surface tension of liquids using the Du-Nouy ringmethod (static) 使用提环法测量液体的静态表面张力, Page 10, Peter van Dam, BYK-Che

9、mie, PGM Surface Additives,CMC (critical micelle concentration) in solutions containing surfactants 溶液中含表面活性剂的临界胶束浓度,10000, Page 11, Peter van Dam, BYK-Chemie, PGM Surface Additives,mN/m,Additive dosage 助剂添加量,0,05,0,1,Substrate wetting* 底材润湿, Page 12, Peter van Dam, BYK-Chemie, PGM Surface Additives

10、,Volume to Surface Area* 从体积到表面积,50 m,10 m,V(olume),A(rea), Page 13, Peter van Dam, BYK-Chemie, PGM Surface Additives,Reduction of surface tension with organic modified siloxanes 有改性有机硅氧烷降低表面张力,Dosage 添加量,mN/m,BYK-300,BYK-320,BYK-331,30,29,28,27,26,25,BYK-310,BYK-333,Flow/Levelling,Substrate wetting

11、/ Anti Cratering,流动 流平,底材润湿 抗缩孔, Page 14, Peter van Dam, BYK-Chemie, PGM Surface Additives,Orientation of organic modified siloxanes 有机改性硅氧烷定向,Substrate 底材,Paint 油漆, Page 15, Peter van Dam, BYK-Chemie, PGM Surface Additives,Typical surface tensions* 各物质的表面张力,white spirit 白电油,Melamine resin 氨基树脂,80 7

12、0 60 50 40 30 20,Phosphatized steel 磷化钢材,Water 水,Alkyd resin 醇酸树脂,Acrylate 丙烯酸酯,SMC-Polyester 聚酯,mN/m,Solvents 溶剂,Resins 树脂,Subtrates 底材,water-borne 水性,Xylene 二甲苯,Untreated steel 无处理钢材,Polypropylene 聚丙烯, Page 16, Peter van Dam, BYK-Chemie, PGM Surface Additives,Substrate wetting and interfaces durin

13、g coating application 涂料施工中的底材润湿和界面状况, Page 17, Peter van Dam, BYK-Chemie, PGM Surface Additives,Contact Angle Measurement (KRSS) 接触角度测量, Page 18, Peter van Dam, BYK-Chemie, PGM Surface Additives,Contact angle measurement (sessile drop) 接触角度测量（座滴法）,Substrate 底材,Contact angles of liquids 液体的接触角,45,90

14、,0, Page 19, Peter van Dam, BYK-Chemie, PGM Surface Additives,Measuring the surface tension of solids 固体的表面张力测试,Sessile drop method:座滴法： Measuring the contact angle of five different liquids with known surface tension and polarities: 用五种已知表面张力和极性的液体测量它们的接触角： - Water 水（72.5810-3） - Glycerine 甘油（63.31

15、0-3） - Ethylene glycol 乙二醇（46.4910-3） - Octanol 辛醇（26.0610-3） - Dodecan正十二烷 (25.4410-3) By regression analysis calculate the surface tension of the substrate/dry paint 通过回归分析计算底材和干膜的表面张力, Page 20, Peter van Dam, BYK-Chemie, PGM Surface Additives,Crater (contamination from outside) 缩孔（受外因影响）,Particle

16、/粒子 Droplet/液滴 Dirt 污垢 (28 mN),Paint 油漆(30 mN),Substrate 底材 32 mN,Causes for and overcoming of surface defects 表面缺陷的原因和解决办法,Surface EffectsQ 表面效果, Page 21, Peter van Dam, BYK-Chemie, PGM Surface Additives,Crater (contamination of the substrate) 缩孔（底材被污染）,Droplet/Dirt 液滴/污垢 (28 mN),Paint 油漆(30 mN),Su

17、bstrate底材 32 mN, Page 22, Peter van Dam, BYK-Chemie, PGM Surface Additives,Crater formation 缩孔的形成,Paintdroplet into wet paint 涂料滴进湿膜中,left: same surface tension 左：相同表面张力,right: droplet with lower surface tension 右：液滴表面张力更低, Page 23, Peter van Dam, BYK-Chemie, PGM Surface Additives,Levelling: definit

18、ion 流平：定义,Levelling (smallest possible interface liquid/air),After application 施工后,After drying 干燥后,流平（尽可能小的气/液界面）, Page 24, Peter van Dam, BYK-Chemie, PGM Surface Additives,Flow and Levelling 流动和流平,What influences flow and levelling? 影响流动和流平的因素？ Rheology 触变性 Time 时间 Surface tension 表面张力 Bnard cells

19、 贝纳德漩涡 How to improve flow and levelling? 如何改善流动和流平？ Deflocculating W+D-additives (rheology in pigmented systems) 解絮凝润湿分散剂（在颜料体系中触变） Solvents (drying time) 溶剂（干燥时间） Resins 树脂 Additives (Surface Tension) 助剂（表面张力）, Page 25, Peter van Dam, BYK-Chemie, PGM Surface Additives,Adjusting flow and levelling

20、调节流动和流平,What improves levelling most: high or low surface tension? 如何改善流平？表面张力高还是低？, Page 26, Peter van Dam, BYK-Chemie, PGM Surface Additives,A sphere is the smallest surface area possible perfect flow and leveling 球体拥有最小的表面积 最优异的流动和流平,Adjustment of Flow and Levelling (continued) 调节流动和流平（续）, Page 2

21、7, Peter van Dam, BYK-Chemie, PGM Surface Additives,Formation of Bnard cells 贝纳德漩涡的形成,Surface 表面,Cross Section 截面,lower surface tension 低表面张力,higher surface tension 高表面张力, Page 28, Peter van Dam, BYK-Chemie, PGM Surface Additives,Bnard Cells 贝纳德漩涡, Page 29, Peter van Dam, BYK-Chemie, PGM Surface Add

22、itives,Avoiding Bnard cells by adding silicones 通过加入有机硅避免贝纳德漩涡,Control 空白,0,2% BYK-306, Page 30, Peter van Dam, BYK-Chemie, PGM Surface Additives,Flow and Levelling* 流动和流平,after application 施工后,after drying 干燥后,levelling additive 流平剂, Page 31, Peter van Dam, BYK-Chemie, PGM Surface Additives,Levelli

23、ng depending on the additive dosage* 流平性取决于助剂添加量,High 高,Strong 强,Minor 弱,Low 低,Waviness 波长,Dosage 添加量,BYK-333,BYK-300,BYK-320, Page 32, Peter van Dam, BYK-Chemie, PGM Surface Additives,Silicones to improve levelling 有机硅改善流平,Dosage 用量,mN/m,BYK -320,BYK -300,BYK -331,BYK -310,30,29,28,27,26,25,BYK -30

24、6/-333, Page 33, Peter van Dam, BYK-Chemie, PGM Surface Additives,Substrate Wetting And Flow 底材润湿和流动,Substrate底材: Surface tension表面张力 30 mN/m,System体系 1: No substrate wetting无底材润湿 Poor flow 流动性差 Action: Reduce surface tension, then adjust flow and leveling with less active silicones or Acrylates 方法：

25、降低表面张力，用低活性有 机硅或丙烯酸酯,System体系 2: Good substrate wetting 良好的底材润湿 Action: If needed, adjust flow and leveling With less active silicones or Acrylates 方法：如果需要，用低活性有机硅 或丙烯酸酯改善流动和流平,System 体系3: Good substrate wetting Poor flow and leveling 太好的底材润湿，流动和流平差 Action: Increase surface tension by reducing the a

26、mount of active silicones, then adjust flow and leveling 方法：减少活性有机硅用量从而 增加表面张力，改善流动和流平, Page 34, Peter van Dam, BYK-Chemie, PGM Surface Additives,Measuring coefficient of friction (surface slip) 测量摩擦系数（表面滑爽度）,force sensor 力传感器,FN = m g,F,F = COF FN,COF = coefficient of friction 摩擦系数 m = mass of the

27、weight 砝码重量 g = acceleration of gravity 重力加速度, Page 35, Peter van Dam, BYK-Chemie, PGM Surface Additives,Surface slip 表面增滑,higher content of dimethylgroups = higher surface slip (lower COF) 更高含量的二甲基团 = 表面更滑（更低的摩擦系数）, Page 36, Peter van Dam, BYK-Chemie, PGM Surface Additives,Improving surface slip wi

28、th siliconesQ 使用有机硅表面增滑,Dosage 添加量,Slip 滑爽度,BYK-320,BYK-331,BYK-310,BYK-300,BYK-333,Levelling 流平,Substrate wetting 底材润湿,Low 低,Low 低,High 高,High 高, Page 37, Peter van Dam, BYK-Chemie, PGM Surface Additives,Mobility of Silicones 有机硅迁移,First paint layer 第一漆层,Silicone additive 有机硅助剂, Page 38, Peter van

29、Dam, BYK-Chemie, PGM Surface Additives,Intercoat Adhesion 层间附着力,Influence of silicone dosage level 有机硅添加量的影响,0,01 % 0,1 % 0,2 %,130 C 150 C 170 C,Influence of baking temperature 烘烤温度的影响, Page 39, Peter van Dam, BYK-Chemie, PGM Surface Additives,Thermostable Polysiloxanes 耐热性聚硅氧烷,(CH3)3 Si O Si O Si

30、O Si (CH3)3,CH3,CH3,y,x,Polyester or Aralkyl,Alkyl,聚酯或芳烷基,芳烷基, Page 40, Peter van Dam, BYK-Chemie, PGM Surface Additives,Thermostability of Polysiloxanes 热稳定性的硅氧烷,% weight 重量,(Polyether),(Aralkyl),(Polyester),0,20,40,60,80,100,130 C,170 C,200 C,230 C,260 C,290 C,BYK-300,BYK-310,BYK-322,聚醚 聚酯 芳烷基, Pa

31、ge 41, Peter van Dam, BYK-Chemie, PGM Surface Additives,Overview of Silicones* 有机硅概况,Surface Tension Reduction 降低表面张力,BYK-323,BYK-322,BYK-077/-085,BYK-320,BYK-315,BYK-325,BYK-330,BYK-370,BYK-377,BYK-UV 3510,BYK-300,BYK-341,BYK-373,BYK-337,BYK-333,BYK-306,BYK-307,BYK-340,BYK-302,BYK-331/-332,HIGH 高,L

32、OW 低,Polarity 极性,HIGH高,LOW 低,BYK-378,heat stable 热稳定型,S/B 溶剂型,S/B + W/B 水性+溶剂型,Reactive 反应型,Defoaming/Leveling 消泡 / 流平,BYK-310,BYK-344,BYK-375,BYK-371,BYK-335, Page 42, Peter van Dam, BYK-Chemie, PGM Surface Additives,Polyacrylate based Levelling Additives 聚丙烯酸酯流平剂, Page 43, Peter van Dam, BYK-Chemi

33、e, PGM Surface Additives,Chemistry of Acrylate Levelling Additives 丙烯酸酯流平剂的化学特性, Homopolymers,均聚物，结构或嵌段共聚物 statistical or block copolymers,n,R1 C CH2 C = O O R2, R1 = - H (Acrylate ) 丙烯酸盐 - CH3 (Methacrylate ) 甲基丙烯酸盐, Possible reactive groups: - OH 可反应基团 - COOH, R2 = - Alkyl 烷基 - Polyester 聚酯 - Poly

34、ether 聚醚 - Salt 盐, Page 44, Peter van Dam, BYK-Chemie, PGM Surface Additives,Acrylate Levelling Additives* 丙烯酸酯流平剂,Orientation towards the surface by controlled incompatibility 通过受控不相容性在朝向表面方向定向,too compatible 太相容,too incompatible 太不相容,Optimum 最合适,leveling additives 流平剂, Page 45, Peter van Dam, BYK-

35、Chemie, PGM Surface Additives,Acrylic levelling additives: mode of action 丙烯酸酯流平剂：工作模式,solvent evaporates after application 施工后溶剂挥发 additive orients in the interface liquid/gas 助剂在液/气界面定向,solvent evaporation 溶剂挥发,levelling additive 流平剂, Page 46, Peter van Dam, BYK-Chemie, PGM Surface Additives,Acryl

36、ic levelling additives: mode of action 丙烯酸酯流平剂：工作模式,Improved levelling with acrylates due to reduction of surface tension differences in the interface (preventing Benard cells) 丙烯酸酯由于降低界面的表面张力差异而促进流平（避免贝纳德漩涡）, Page 47, Peter van Dam, BYK-Chemie, PGM Surface Additives,How to judge levelling* 怎样调整流平,G

37、ood performance:性能好： (right compatibility)（适当相容性） Higher gloss 更高光泽 Lower haze 更低雾影 Good levelling 流平性更好 Defoaming or no foam stabilization 消泡或不稳泡,Poor performance: 性能差 (too incompatible) （太不相容） Glossreduction 光泽降低 Haziness 雾影 White spotting 白点 Sticky surface 粘的表面 Cratering tendency and orange peel

38、effect 缩孔倾向和橘皮 Foamstabilization 稳泡 Strong immediate separation in the wet paint 在湿膜中直接强烈分层, Page 48, Peter van Dam, BYK-Chemie, PGM Surface Additives,Acrylic levelling additives 丙烯酸酯流平剂,low Polarity high 低 极性 高,Molecular weight 分子量,80000,60000,40000,20000,0,levelling solvent borne 溶剂型流平 levelling w

39、ater borne 水性流平 levelling, substrate wetting 流平，底材润湿 anti popping 防破泡 release effect 抗粘连效果,BYK-392,BYK-356/355,BYK-390,BYK-354,BYK-394,BYK-381,BYK-380,BYK- 340,BYK-359,BYK-352,BYK-350,BYK-388,BYK-361/358N, Page 49, Peter van Dam, BYK-Chemie, PGM Surface Additives,Acrylic levelling additives with def

40、oaming properties 带消泡特性的丙烯酸酯流平剂,low Polarity high 低 极性 高,Molecular weight 分子量,80000,60000,40000,20000,0,BYK-392,BYK-356/355,BYK-390,BYK-354,BYK-394,BYK-381,BYK-380,BYK- 340,BYK-359,BYK-352,BYK-350,BYK-388,BYK-361/358N, Page 50, Peter van Dam, BYK-Chemie, PGM Surface Additives,Anti Popping Mechanism*

41、 防爆泡机理,Additive,increases the open time, solvent can be released 助剂增加了开放时间，溶剂可以释放,Resin closes the surface, solvent remains entrapped 在接近表面的树脂，溶剂的残留带来缺陷, Page 51, Peter van Dam, BYK-Chemie, PGM Surface Additives,BYK-394 mode of action BYK-394工作模式,none polar groups orient in the interface and provide

42、 the release effect 非极性基团在表面定向，同时 提供抗粘连效果 crosslinking provides permanent effect 交联提供持久效果 no reduction in the surface tension of the wet paint 在湿膜中不会降低表面 张力,非极性基团 聚丙烯酸酯 反应基团, Page 52, Peter van Dam, BYK-Chemie, PGM Surface Additives,BYK-394 Foil Release Effect with a Polyester Melamine Coil Coating

43、在聚酯氨基卷材涂料中的抗粘连效果, Page 53, Peter van Dam, BYK-Chemie, PGM Surface Additives,Levelling Additives in Powder Form for Powder Coatings 流平剂在粉末涂料中促进粉末形成,Silicate-based porous carrier 基于硅酸盐 的多孔性载体,Active substance (polyacrylate) 反应物质 （聚丙烯酸酯）, Page 54, Peter van Dam, BYK-Chemie, PGM Surface Additives,Acryla

44、te Leveling Additives for Powder Coatings 粉末涂料用的丙烯酸酯流平剂,Molecular weight 分子量,80000,60000,40000,20000,Low 低,0,Polarity 极性,High 高,BYK-363P/361N,BYK-356,BYK-360P,BYK-366P/359,BYK-364P,BYK-368P, Page 55, Peter van Dam, BYK-Chemie, PGM Surface Additives,Silicones and acrylatesQ 有机硅和丙烯酸酯,Silicones: 有机硅 Or

45、ient in the liquid/gas interface due to their surface activity (surfactant structure): 由于它们的表面活泼性（表面活性剂结构）在液/气界面中定向 Substrate wetting 底材润湿 Anti cratering 抗缩孔 Levelling 流平 Surface slip / Release 表面增滑 / 抗粘连 Acrylates: 丙烯酸酯 Orientation in the liquid/gas interface due to controlled incompatibility: 由于受控

46、不相容性在液/气界面中定向 - Levelling 流平 - Anti popping (prevent boiling marks) 防爆泡（避免沸痕）, Page 56, Peter van Dam, BYK-Chemie, PGM Surface Additives,Organic modified silicones for water borne systems 水性体系中用有机改性有机硅,Silicone surfactants 有机硅表面活性剂 Polymeric silicones 高分子有机硅 Silicone free products to reduce dynamic

47、surface tension 降低动态表面张力的非硅类产品, Page 57, Peter van Dam, BYK-Chemie, PGM Surface Additives,polar 极性,non polar 非极性,Polyether 聚醚,(CH2)m Si CH3,CH3,Si(CH3)3,CH3,O,O,Si,O,CH3,CH3,Si,Si(CH3)3,O,Silicone surfactant for water borne systems 水性体系用的有机硅表面活性剂, Page 58, Peter van Dam, BYK-Chemie, PGM Surface Additives,