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1、试题为word版 下载可打印编辑第四编缺乏衔接过渡的文章，就好比一串断了线的珍珠，每个词句虽光彩夺目，拿出来却七零八落，不堪受用。要想成就一篇美文，光靠一个个华丽词句的堆砌不行，还需要穿珠之线，这个线就是衔接过渡。 增分技法(一)过渡自然的对比用语比较和对照法是英语作文的基本写作方法之一。在这类作文的表达中，要使作文连贯、流畅，有条理，灵活运用对比类过渡连接词至关重要，过渡词也是信息词，能较好地表明作者想比较或对照的意图。对比用语大致分为两类：(一)相似的比较。常用的有for one thing .for another (一方面另一方面)，in the same way (以相同的方式，同样
2、地)，just as (正如)，similarly (相似地，类似地)，equally (同样地)。如：I think it is a kind of winwin activity.For one thing, I can help take care of the children.For another thing, I can improve my English, make more friends, and enrich my life during the summer vacation.我认为这是一种双赢的活动。一方面，我可以帮助照顾孩子。另外一方面，我可以提高我的英语水平，结
3、交更多的朋友，并丰富我的暑假生活。应用体验1翻译句子我想尽力做得最好，但同时我也得考虑费用。I_am_trying_to_do_what_is_best,_but_equally_Ive_got_to_consider_the_cost.正如单个单词可以改变一句话的意思，单个句子也可以改变一段话的意思。Just_as_a_single_word_can_change_the_meaning_of_a_sentence,_a_single_sentence_can_change_the_meaning_of_a_paragraph.那么我们如何解决这个问题呢？就我个人而言，骑自行车是一个好的解决
4、方式。一方面，自行车不需要任何汽油，它们是节能的。另一方面，自行车是环保的，因为它们不会排放废气。另外，骑自行车是我们锻炼的好方式并且它有益于我们的健康。How_can_we_solve_the_problem_then?_As_far_as_Im_concerned,_riding_bicycles_is_a_good_solution._For_one_thing,_bicycles_dont_need_any_petrol_and_they_are_energysaving._For_another,_bicycles_are_environmentally_friendly_becau
5、se_they_wont_give_off_waste_gas._Whats_more,_riding_bicycles_is_a_good_way_for_us_to_exercise_and_it_is_beneficial_to_our_health.(二)还有一种对比是表示相反的意思：如：on the other hand (另外一方面)，on the contrary (相反)，compared with/to (与比较)，in comparison with (与比较)，in contrast (to)(和对比)，instead (代替)，while (而；然而)，unlike (
6、不像)，however (然而；仍然)，whereas (然而；反之)，yet (然而)。As a citizen, we mustnt do anything to harm our city.On the contrary, we should obey the city rules and protect the city environment.作为一个公民，我们不能做损害我们的城市的事。相反，我们应该遵守城市规则，保护城市环境。However, other students are against the idea, saying that the Beijing Zoo, buil
7、t in 1906, has a history of 100 years, and is wellknown at home and abroad.然而，其他学生反对这一观点，认为建于1906年的北京动物园有着100年的历史，并且享誉国内外。应用体验2翻译句子我可不像你，我不太会跳舞。Unlike_you,_I_am_not_a_great_dancer.与此相反，其他人主张广泛阅读。In_contrast,_others_insist_on_reading_extensively.他们的批评并没有使我感到气馁，相反，我比以前更加努力了。Their_criticism_did_not_dis
8、courage_me.On_the_contrary,_I_worked_even_harder.有些学生认为中学生应该做社会实践。然而，其他人的想法不同，认为他们太年轻，不能融入这个世界。Some_students_hold_the_view_that_middle_school_students_should_do_social_practice.However,_others_think_differently,_believing_that_they_are_too_young_to_fit_in_with_the_world.专题过关训练翻译句子1她学习英语有困难，然而她学习努力，进
9、步很快。She_has_difficulty_in_learning_English._However,_she_works_hard_and_is_making_rapid_progress.2我们的生活也是如此，一个人不和他人合作，仅靠自己是不可能轻易地完成一项富有挑战性的任务的。Similarly_in_our_life,_an_individual_person_cannot_easily_carry_out_a_challenging_task_on_his_own_without_joining_hands_with_others.3首先，和传统的购物相比，它很方便。To begi
10、n with, compared with traditional shopping, its very convenient.4令人惊讶的是，萨莉不像以前的老师一样被驱逐出去；相反，她赢得了学生的尊重。Surprisingly,_Sally_was_not_driven_out_like_the_former_teachers;_instead,_she_won_respect_from_the_students.5一方面，我可以了解一周发生的重要事情；另一方面，世界知名人士的成功故事也深深地吸引了我，这让我明白一个道理：人人贡献一份力量，世界会变得更美好。For_one_thing,_I_
11、can_learn_all_important_things_that_have_happened_during_the_week.For_another,_equally_attractive_are_the_success_stories_of_worldfamous_people,_which_help_me_understand_how_a_person_can_work_hard_to_make_the_world_a_better_place.增分技法(二)条理分明的时序用语阅卷老师看文章一般要通过一些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚、自然。破解方法很简单，只要把下面的时
12、序用语加入到你的几个要点前就OK了。常见的时序用语有：1表示“现在”的有：nowadays/now (现在), at present (目前), recently (最近)。Nowadays its acceptable for women to be ambitious.如今，女性胸怀大志也能被接受。2表示“首先，第一”的有：first/firstly (第一), to begin/start with (首先), in the first place/first of all (首先)。(2017天津高考书面表达)Firstly, I am expected to know about t
13、he polite language related to my service.首先，我必须知道有关服务的礼貌用语。To begin with, your brother is qualified for that kind of demanding job.首先，你的弟弟足够胜任这样高强度的工作。3表示“后来，不久，然后”的有：after (在之后), afterwards/later on (后来), after that (后来), after a while (一会儿之后), before long (不久), shortly after (之后；立即), since (自从)。Se
14、veral years after theyd split up, they met again by chance in Paris.他们分手几年以后在巴黎又偶然相遇。应用体验1完成片段首先，我把所有的书籍、报纸和其他散落在屋子里的东西收集起来放好，然后我扫去所有家具上的灰尘，之后我扫地、拖地。Firstly,_I collected all the books, newspapers and other things scattered in the rooms and put them in place. Then I wiped the dust off all the furnitu
15、re. After_that,_I swept and mopped the floors.4表示“在此期间，同时”的有：meanwhile/meantime (在此期间), in the meantime (在此期间), at the same time (与此同时), while (当的时候)。At this very moment, my parents came back and were quite surprised to see all the rooms tidy and floors shining.就在这时，我的父母回来了，他们非常惊讶地看到所有房间都很整洁，地板闪闪发亮。
16、They will be here soon.In the meantime, lets have coffee.他们很快就会回来。在此期间，我们喝杯咖啡吧。5表示“最后”的有：finally/lastly(最后), in the end/eventually/at last (终于)。We were thinking about going to Switzerland, but in the end we went to Austria.我们一直打算去瑞士，可最后却去了奥地利。应用体验2翻译句子最近，我们班热烈讨论了北京动物园是否应该搬出城市。Recently,_our_class_hav
17、e_had_a_heated_discussion_about_whether_the_Beijing_Zoo_should_be_moved_out_of_the_city.医生很快就来，在这期间，尽量放松一下。The_doctor_will_be_here_soon.In_the_meantime,_try_your_best_and_relax_yourself.首先，我们应制订一个合理的计划。First_of_all,_we_should_make_a_reasonable_plan.最后，我想问一下你未来的计划。Lastly,_I_would_like_to_ask_about_yo
18、ur_future_plans.专题过关训练翻译句子1(2018全国卷书面表达)首先，记住，你最好准时到达，或者比约定时间早一点到达，这对于表示你的礼貌很重要。First_of_all,_bear_in_mind_that_you_had_better_arrive_punctually_or_some_time_earlier_than_the_appointed_time,_which_is_of_great_significance_to_show_your_politeness.2(20186月浙江高考写作)最终，在英语演讲比赛中，我取得了第一名的好成绩。Eventually,_I_c
19、ame_out_of_the_English_Speech_Contest_as_the_first_prize_winner.3(2016天津高考书面表达)自从你来参加这个交流项目已经有两周了，这让我们大家受益很多。It_has_been_two_weeks_since_you_came_here_for_the_exchange_program,_which_has_benefited_us_all_a_lot.4最后，我们应该经常参加体育和户外活动。Finally,_we_should_take_part_in_sports_and_outdoor_activities_frequent
20、ly.5当今，微信很受人们的欢迎。Nowadays,_WeChat_is_very_popular_with_people.6约翰在他母亲刚过世后度过了一段艰难时期。John_got_through_a_difficult_period_shortly_after_his_mothers_death.增分技法(三)不要人云亦云的因果桥梁词(一)让“因为”变得不简单“因为”，如because/because of等很难激起阅卷老师心底哪怕一丝丝的涟漪。如何有效诠释这个人们时常挂在嘴边的“因为”呢？我们在写作时应尽量避免重复使用相同的词语，要用贴切多变的词语来展示自己的水平。用词不同、表达方式迥异
21、，也是高级用法。1首先as a result of, as a consequence of, due to, owing to, on account of, thanks to, by reason of, for the reason of, for the sake of等介词短语都将是你不错的选择。Because of/Owing to/Due to your encouragement, I made continuous progress in math, and finally made up my mind to study it in the university.由于你的
22、鼓励，我在数学上不断进步，最后我决定在大学学习数学。2若想连接句子，则可使用since, for, as, now that, in that, considering等连接词。Since it happened, why not try hard to get it settled?既然事已发生，为什么不努力去解决它呢？3倘若认为以上表达稍显单调，则可加入各种从句。譬如：借助名词性从句，可构成owing/due to the fact that .此类表达；借助定语从句，可构成which results from, accounts for, makes for等表达。Due to the
23、fact that Ryan was severely injured in the car accident, he was immediately sent to the ICU.由于在车祸中受了重伤，瑞恩立刻被送往重症监护病房。Generation gap, which may result from differences in thoughts and consciousness, makes it hard for children to live harmoniously with their parents.代沟可能产生于思想、意识上的分歧，它让孩子们很难与父母和睦相处。应用体
24、验1翻译句子那个周末因高速驾驶造成的交通事故很多。Accidents_due_to_driving_at_high_speed_were_very_common_that_weekend.因为Laura的指导，Samuel在语法学习上取得了稳定的进步。Owing_to_the_guidance_from_Laura,_Samuel_has_made_steady_progress_in_grammar_learning.既然你不愿告诉我们真相，我们只有向警方求助了。Now_that_you_are_unwilling_to_tell_us_the_truth,_we_have_to_turn_
25、to_the_police_for_help.鉴于你违反了交通规则，你面临被罚款的风险。Considering_that_you_have_broken_the_traffic_rules,_you_are_running_the_risk_of_being_fined.因为玩网络游戏会消耗大量时间，所以它对青少年危害极大。Due_to_the_fact_that_playing_online_games_will_swallow_a_huge_amount_of_time,_it_does_great_harm_to_teenagers.近来，我们的日常生活受到雾霾的极大影响，这是由日益严重
26、的空气污染造成的。Recently,_our_daily_life_has_been_greatly_affected_by_the_smog,_which_results_from_the_growingly_serious_air_pollution.(二)炫酷“结果”表达法简单地使用“because, so”来表示英语中的因果关系，难免会使你的作文落入俗套。然而，若巧妙动用一些小心机，借用炫酷“结果”表达法，则极易引人入胜。1表达“结果”“因此”，可借用以下衔接词：thus, therefore, consequently, as a result, as a consequence等，
27、简洁明了，干净利索。I was badly treated in your store.Consequently, I am writing to you in expectation of getting things settled.在你的店里，我受到了不好的对待。因此，我写信给你，希望事情能得到解决。(2017全国卷书面表达)Therefore, please spend some time taking a brief look at the history of the Tang Dynasty.因此，请花些时间简单地看看唐朝的历史。2非谓语动词的加入也为“结果”表达法增色不少，极易
28、吸引阅卷老师的眼球。其中，较为突出的表达有thus/therefore doing, end up doing, only/never to do等，充分展示了非谓语动词这种高级语言结构的妙用。The scientists made joint efforts, therefore making a great breakthrough.这些科学家勠力同心，因此取得了重大突破。I eagerly unpacked the package, only to find a broken book in it.我急切地打开包裹，结果只在里面发现一本破书。3在表达“结果”时，定语从句也可作为生机勃勃的
29、生力军。拥有“结果”“因此”“导致”之意的动词短语、介词短语和定语从句的有机结合，如：which results in, leads to, contributes to或者as a result, consequence of which等，更是为“结果”表达法注入了亮点。When facing troubles, he couldnt keep calm, which results in his constant failures.面对困境时，他不能保持镇定，这导致他不断失败。应用体验2翻译句子天上下着倾盆大雨，因此，运动会不能如期举行了。It_rained_dogs_and_cats.
30、Consequently,_the_sports_meeting_couldnt_be_held_as_scheduled.我身处困境时，你帮我摆脱了麻烦。所以，向你献上我最诚挚的谢意。You_helped_me_out_when_I_was_in_trouble.Thus,_I_owe_my_most_sincere_gratitude_to_you.迈克以其出色的表现击败了比尔，因此赢得了冠军。Mike_defeated_Bill_for_his_marvelous_performance,_therefore_winning_the_championship.Lily在成千上万竞争者中脱
31、颖而出，因而获得了广泛关注。Lily_stood_out_among_thousands_of_competitors,_thus_winning_widespread_attention.面试的紧张情绪可能会导致糟糕的表现，从而造成负面的印象。Being_nervous_about_the_interview_can_lead_to_bad_performance,_which_might_result_in_a_negative_impression.专题过关训练翻译句子1(2016全国卷书面表达)我们应该早点出发的原因是我希望有更多时间来阅读和挑选书籍。The_reason_why_we
32、_should_set_out_early_is_that_I_hope_to_have_more_time_to_read_and_select_books.2(2016四川高考书面表达)春天是我最喜欢的季节，因为我喜欢闻花的芳香，看树的新绿，听小鸟的歌唱。I_like_spring_best,_owing_to_the_fact_that_I_love_to_smell_the_fragrance_of_flowers,_see_the_new_green_trees_and_hear_the_singing_of_small_birds.3他努力学习，结果考试获得了好成绩。He_work
33、ed_hard_at_his_lessons,_so_that_he_gained_high_grades_in_the_exams.4正如谚语所说：“三个臭皮匠赛过诸葛亮。”鉴于此，团队合作极其重要。As_a_proverb_goes,_“Two_heads_are_better_than_one.”_As_a_result,_teamwork_is_of_vital_importance.增分技法(四)峰回路转的转折表达法转折关系是逻辑关系中最常见的一种，在高考英语写作中常常会用到，比如在记叙文中表达事情出现转折，在议论文中表达不同的观点等。在转折关系中，最常用的就是although/th
34、ough和but，二者不能同时使用。例如：Although everyone wants to succeed in what he tries, sometimes failure cant be avoided.Everyone wants to succeed in what he tries, but sometimes failure cant be avoided.虽然每个人都想在尝试中成功，但有时失败是不可避免的。关于转折关系的表达，大致可以分为以下几类：(一)however, but, yet, whereas, at the same time然而，不过，但是(2017江苏高
35、考书面表达)The boxoffice income of Chinese films increased constantly from 2012 to 2015, but its growth, for one reason or another, slowed down in 2016.从2012年到2015年，中国电影的票房收入是不断增长的，但在2016年，由于某种原因其增长减慢了。However, it can be harmful to our friendship.然而，这可能会对我们的友谊造成伤害。She has her weakness, yet that does not
36、mean she is not up to the job.她有缺点，然而那并不意味着她不能胜任这项工作。应用体验1翻译句子但是，如果你采纳了我的建议，这种情况就很容易改变。However,_the_situation_is_easy_to_change_if_you_take_my_advice.我们国家在环境保护方面已经取得巨大进步，但是很多问题仍然存在。We_have_made_great_progress_in_terms_of_the_environmental_protection_in_our_country,_but_many_problems_still_exist.这个问题
37、虽然很难，但却非常有趣。Its_a_difficult_problem,_at_the_same_time_it_is_very_interesting.玛丽知道她不会获胜，然而她还是继续尝试下去。Mary_knew_that_she_would_not_win,_yet_she_went_on_trying.他很穷，然而他的弟弟却很富有。He_was_rather_poor,_whereas_his_brother_was_very_rich.(二)otherwise(否则，不然), despite/in spite of/regardless of(不管，不顾), rather than(
38、而不是), instead (of)(相反，而，却), on the other hand(另一方面), unfortunately(不幸地，令人遗憾地)Do your work every day; otherwise, it will pile up.今日事今日毕，否则事情会堆积如山。On the other hand, it causes pollution to our fragile environment, which will in turn do harm to our health.另一方面，它对我们脆弱的环境造成污染，反过来也会危害我们的健康。应用体验2翻译句子(2018北
39、京高考书面表达)不管你选择什么课程，你都会快速有效地增强你的语言能力。Regardless_of_your_choice_of_course,_youll_develop_your_language_ability_both_quickly_and_effectively.快点，不然我们将会上学迟到。Hurry_up,_or_well_be_late_for_school.是你而不是我应为这次事故受到责备。It_is_you_rather_than_I_that_are_to_blame_for_the_accident.遗憾的是，现实世界从来不会表现得如此完美。Unfortunately,_
40、the_real_world_never_behaves_so_perfectly.(三)although/though/as/while(虽然), even if/though(尽管), no matter .(无论，不管)Although/though I can enjoy more freedom, I realize that being a grownup means more responsibilities.虽然我可以享受更多的自由，但是我认识到作为成年人也意味着更多的责任。应用体验3翻译句子尽管多年没有见过我的同学，我还是马上认出了他。Even_though_I_hadnt_
41、seen_my_classmate_for_many_years,_I_recognized_him_immediately.不管遇到多少困难，她都不会放弃。No_matter_how_many_difficulties_she_meets,_she_refuses_to_give_up.尽管我们旅行前预订的房间很小，但是很舒适。Although/Though_small,_the_room_we_had_booked_before_the_journey_was_pleasant.专题过关训练完成语段1正如你所知，我对美国文化很感兴趣。生活在美国是一个了解美国文化以及提高英文水平的良机。然而
42、，我刚得知寄宿家庭的主人生病了，住在他家会很不方便，所以我需要你的帮助。As you know, I_have_been_interested_in_American_culture.Staying_in_America will be a great opportunity for me to learn more about American culture and improve my English.However,_Ive_just_learned_that_my_host_falls_ill and it will be inconvenient for me to stay in
43、 his house.So_I_need_your_help.2刚开始学英语的时候，我本想在一周内拿下它。然而我却失败了。之后我调整了学习策略。不再记忆单词短语和背诵文章，我耐心地遵循着我的学习道路，欣赏英文音乐、电影和杂志。不知不觉中，我的英语进步了。At the beginning of English learning, I_had_intended_to_conquer_it within one week.But_I_failed.After_that,_I made adjustments to my strategies.Instead_of_memorizing words_a
44、nd_phrases and reciting articles, I took my path with patience and enjoyed English music, films and magazines.I_made_progress_in_English before I realized it.增分技法(五)多样多变的递进用语大部分学生都能够脱口而出一个递进用语：“not only .but also”。我们在英语学习的过程中已经习惯了很多诸如此类的“简单的递进关系”，因而不常思变。实际上，英语中有很多方式表达递进关系。下面介绍一些可以让文章增色，增加表达效率的递进用语。(
45、一)常见的递进用语词有：besides/moreover/furthermore/what is more(此外；而且), also(还), additionally(另外)等。He was a talented artist, moreover, a writer of some note.他是一位有才华的艺术家，同时也是颇有名气的作家。Whats more, I get along well with my parents and my friends.而且，我和父母、朋友之间相处融洽。应用体验1翻译句子此外，个人安全也可能是他们的主要考虑之一。Besides,_personal_safe
46、ty_may_also_be_one_of_their_major_considerations.而且，荣获奖学金终被证明不仅仅是获取学费的一个途径。Furthermore,_receiving_the_scholarship_turned_out_to_be_more_than_just_a_way_to_pay_for_tuition.此外，每周最好(recommend)进行两次以上力量训练的练习。Additionally,_strength_training_exercise_is_recommended_at_least_twice_a_week.另外，广泛的阅读可以拓宽我们的视野，丰
47、富我们的业余生活。Besides,_a_wide_range_of_reading_can_broaden_our_horizons_and_enrich_our_sparetime_life.(二)我们还可以使用一些短语来表示递进关系，如not only .but also(不但而且), apart from/as well as .(此外；除之外), in addition(而且), more importantly(更重要的是), equally important(同样重要的是), last but not least(最后但同样重要的是), worse still/whats worse(更糟糕的是), to make matters worse(使情况更糟糕的是)等。Not only can the trees protect the land, but also can prevent the sand storm.这些树不但可以保护土地，也可以抵挡沙尘暴。More importantly, I am willing to help others, so I would like to be a volunteer in my spar