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1、F.M.E.A.,-Failure mode and effect analysis -失误模式和效果分析,A effective tool lead to everything 一个有效的工具，百搭,F.M.E.A.,Origin 来源: Middle 60s Aircraft /space industry 飞机航天工业 Reliability 可靠性,Later on 后来: Later 70s Car industry 汽车工业 Reliability 可靠性 Safety 安全性,Car industry suppliers 汽车零件供应商 Components quality 零件
2、质量 Early 80s semiconductor industry,F.M.E.A.,The philosophy behind it (1): FMEA背后的理念,DO IT RIGHT THE FIRST TIME 第一次就做好,F.M.E.A.,Avoid 避免 : TRIAL AND ERROR 尝试和失误 Make use of a systematic method for improvement 用系统的方法做改进,The philosophy behind it (2): FMEA背后的理念,F.M.E.A.,FAILURE PREVENTION THROUGH TEAMW
3、ORK 通过团队合作预防失败 Once we have same vision, we have already achieved half of success 一旦拥有共识，事情已成功一半,The philosophy behind it (3): FMEA背后的理念,F.M.E.A.,Concept,Design,Process,Time,Resource for problem solving,工作量,纸面 Paper,硬件 Material,FMEA,Traditional,F.M.E.A.,5 Step of F.M.E.A. Process 5 步法 1. What are th
4、e goal or function of the activity? 待分析的活动的目标或功能是什么？ 2. How does it operate? 如何运做以达到目标的？ 3. What can go wrong with respect to the goal? 针对目标，会发生什么问题？ 4. What are the weakest points (risk evaluation)? 哪个是最弱点(风险评估）？ 5. What are the action plan? 制定行动计划,F.M.E.A.,Format 表格,For last 3 step, we can use the
5、 following FMEA format 最后3步，可以填写下列FMEA表格,F.M.E.A.,Step 1,What are the goal or function of the activity? 待分析的活动的目标或功能是什么？,Define the goal of the process or solution as detailed as possible 明确过程或方案的目的, 越详细越好,F.M.E.A.,How does it operate? 如何运做以达到目标的？,Step 2,Describe in detail how to achieve the goal st
6、ep by step, like process flow, new product concept, new plan, etc. 详细描述是如何一步一步达到目的的， 例如新的流程，新的产品概念，计划等。,F.M.E.A.,Step 3,What can go wrong with respect to the goal? 针对目标，会发生什么问题？,Every people raise the questions what can go wrong by brainstorming during meeting 针对目的，在会议上用头脑 风暴法，指出可能 出错的地方,F.M.E.A.,St
7、ep 4,What are the weakest points (risk evaluation)? 哪个是最弱点？,Risk风险 = Probability概率 * Severity严重性 Probability and severity can be scored 1,2,3 or L,M,H 概率和严重性可以用 1，2，3 或高中低打分,F.M.E.A.,Step 5,What are the action plan for highest risk? 针对高风险，制定行动计划,Preventive action if probability is high Corrective ac
8、tion if severity is high Then PDCA 1, 概率大的问题，制定预防性措施 2, 严重的问题，制定纠正性措施 然后进入PDCA循环,F.M.E.A.,Flow Chart 应用流程,Concept design,Risk minimum?,Next phase,Yes,No,FMEA,Action,F.M.E.A.,Key successful point成功要点(1)： Where can we use FMEA 哪里可应用FMEA ? Everywhere where something can go wrong! In every phase of a pr
9、oject. 任何可能出错的地方，项目的任何阶段 Attitude during FMEA 工作态度 Be open-minded for criticism! 针对批评，有则改之，无则嘉勉,F.M.E.A.,Key successful point成功要点(2)： Meeting team会议成员 relevant people(supplier, customer or process owner), expert and non-expert, max. 10 people 相关人员（供应商，客户和主人），专家或 非专家，最多10人,F.M.E.A.,Key successful poi
10、nt成功要点(3)： Good preparation做好准备 Give participants all information before meeting, put drawing, samples, instruction on the table or on the front wall, using injector and transparency to record and visualize all information 会前提供给与会者所有信息，将图纸，样品， 说明书等放在会议桌上或墙上，用幻灯和薄 膜纸将信息可视化,F.M.E.A.,2 Examples: New HID factory layout HID3 projects,