定语从句高三总复习ppt课件.ppt

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1、定语从句,高三英语第一轮复习,The Attributive Clauses,基础知识,定语从句：是指在复合句中， 修饰 或 的从句. 被定语从句所修饰的名词或代 词叫做“ ”. 引导定语从句的词叫“ ”,基础知识,名词,代词,先行词,关系词,定语从句,The Restrictive Attributive Clause 限制性定语从句,The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause 非限制性定语从句,基础知识,引导定语从句的关系词,指代人 指代事物 所属关系 指地点 指时间 指原因,who，whom，that which，that whose，of which

2、where when why,关系代词,关系副词,基础知识,Join the following sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly. A plane is can fly.,关系代词的实质,a machine,that /which,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her

3、 yesterday.,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary.,that/who/whom,The girl,注意避免重复,Correct the mistakes,1.Under the big tree are 34 students,many of them come from class two. 2. My mother has a good book, which cover looks terrible. 3. T

4、his is the very pen that you gave it to me before. 4. There is an old woman, that is holding a stick.,whom,whose,it,who,定语从句考点归纳,定语从句考点归纳,2.如何判断介词,3 whose 的使用,4 as 的使用,1.that 与which,6 定语从句中的动词的数,5 when, where, why 与that, which 的区分,1.that 与which,1.Nothing _ can be done has been done. 2.Do you have an

5、ything _ you dont understand ?,先行词是everything, nothing, anything, something, much, little, none等不定代词，引导定语从句用that,that,that,1.This is the best TV _ is made in China. 2.The first museum _ he visited in China was the History Museum.,that,that,先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，引导定语从句用that 。,2.that 与which,Ive read all t

6、he books _ you lent me.,that,先行词被any, some, no, much, few, little, every, all, very, only, last 修饰时,引导定语从句用that 。,3.that 与which,1.The famous writer and his works _ the radio broadcast have aroused great interest among the students. 2.A victim is a person, animal or thing _ suffers pain, death, harm,

7、 etc.,先行词中既有人又有事物时， 引导定语从句用that .,that,that,4.that 与which,1.Who _ you have ever seen can do it better ?,Who做先行词时，引导定语从句用that,that,5.that 与which,1.Her bag ,in _ she put all her money, has been stolen. 2.This is the ring on _ she spent 1000 dollars. 3.Xiao Wang ,with _ I went to the concert, enjoy it

8、very much.,which,which,whom,在介词后面，指事物用which，指人用whom,6.that 与which,1) Do you have anything _ you dont understand? 2) The only thing _ we can do is to give you some advice. 3) Who is the man _ is standing there? 4) Her bag, in _ she put all her money, has been stolen. 5) She heard a terrible noise， _

9、brought her heart into her mouth.,that,that,that,which,which,1）、看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配,This is the book_ which you asked,注意：动词短语不能拆开 即介词不能提前,for,The old man whom I am looking after is better .,如何判断介词,2）、看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配,He referred me to some reference books _ which I am not very familiar.,with,如何判断介词,3）、根据先

10、行词判断，所用的介词与先行词 搭配,This is our classroom , _ which there is a teachers desk.,in the front of,如何判断介词,1. Do you like the book she spent $10? 2. Do you like the book she paid $10? 3. Do you like the book she learned a lot? 4. Do you like the book she often talks? 5. He built a telescope he could study t

11、he stars. 6. There is a tall tree outside, stands our teacher. 7. The man _ I spoke on the phone last night is very good at wrestling. 8. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most _ hadnt been cleaned for at least a year.,on which,for which,from which,about which,through which,under which,to

12、 whom,of which,考点3：介词+关系代词,whose 引导的定语从句,表示所属关系,The river _ banks are covered with trees flows to the sea.,whose,3 Whose 的使用,There are in this class 20 students, _ are different. A.whose backgrounds B. The backgrounds of whom C.of whom the backgrounds D.the backgrounds of whose,Whose 的使用,The earth i

13、s round,_ we all know. _ is known to all, the earth is round _ is known to all that the earth is round.,as,As,It,4 as 的使用,This is the same book as I lost. This is the same book that I lost.,这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。,这本书就是我丢的那本。,as 的使用,This is such an interesting book _ we all like. This is so interesting a boo

14、k _ we all like.,as,as,这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。,定语从句,as 的使用,This is such an interesting book _we all like it. This is so interesting a book _we all like it.,that,that,这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。,结果状语从句,as 的使用,1. It is very useful to master a foreign language,_ has been said before.,which,2 _ everyone hoped, Mary has wo

15、n the first prize.,As,as 的使用,5 when, where, why 与that, which 的区分,）Ill never forget the day _ we first met in the park. ）Ill never forget the time _ I spent with you. ）Ill never forget the time _ was spent with you. ）This is the museum _I visited last year .,when,whichthat,whichthat,whichthat,5 when,

16、 where, why 与that, which 的区分,This is the reason _ ( = for which ) I didnt come here. The reason _ she gave was not true.,whythat,which/that,指时间，地点或原因的先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，用which或that引导定语从句。,填上合适的关系词并分析原因： 1.The way _he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand. 2.The way _he explained

17、to us was quite simple.,that/ which/不填,that/in which/不填,缺状语,缺宾语,the way用做先行词,3. What surprised me was not what he said but _ he said it. （04湖北） A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which,高考题链接：,6 定语从句中的动词的数,He is the only one in his class who _ (have) got the teachers praise He is

18、one of the students in his class who _ (have) got the teachers praise,has,have,关系词在定语从句中做主语时，谓语动词的数取决于先行词,1. Ive come to the point where I cant stand him. 2. The country is in the situation where a war will break out at any time.,我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。,国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。,where引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是表示地点的名词，但也有特

19、殊情况。,难点一：一些特殊词之后的where,解析：如果定语从句分别修饰point, situation, part, condition, stage, activity和case等表示抽象意义的词，常用where 引导，意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中” 。,1.We are trying to reach a point _ both sides will sit down together and talk. （06山东） A. which B. that C. where D. when 2. -Do you have anything to say for yourself? -

20、Yes, theres one point _ we must insist on . （06江西） A. why B. where C. how D. /,高考题链接：,做题要灵活：要分析句子成分，选择恰当的关系词。,wherethat 1.This is the library_ I borrowed the book. 2.It is from this library_I borrowed the book.,where,定语从句,that,强调句型,综合考查一：定语从句与强调句,3. -Where did you last see Mr. Smith? -It was in the

21、hotel_ I lived. A. that B. which C. where D. when,难点二.综合考查,近年来，高考对定语从句和其它从句如：强调句、名词性从句和状语从句等的综合考查越来越多，这就要求考生有扎实的基础知识和较强的综合分析能力。,友情提示,综合考查二：定语从句与同位语从句,1. We all have heard the news_ our team won. 2. We dont believe the news _ he told us yesterday.,that,that/which,综合考查三：定语从句与表语从句,The place _ the bridg

22、e is supposed to be built should be_ the cross-river traffic is the heaviest. （05 江苏） A. which; where B. at which; which C. at which; where D. which; in which,that/which,综合考查四：定语从句与状语从句 试比较： He left the key where he had been an hour before. (where引导地点状语从句，相当于in the place where) He left the place whe

23、re he lived for many years. (where 引导定语从句，修饰the place) He is such a good teacher as all of us love and respect. (as 引导定语从句) He is such a good teacher that we all like him. (that引导结果状语从句,suchthat “如此以致”),综合考查五：定语从句与结果状语从句,综合考查六：定语从句修饰的先行词,This is such a heavy box _ no one can lift it. 2. This is such

24、 a heavy box _ no one can lift.,1.Is this the factory _you visited yesterday? 2.Is this factory _you visited yesterday?,that,as,(that/which),the one,高考真题演练,1.By nine oclock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, _ appeared a rare rainbow soon. （2008福建） A. of which B.

25、 on which C. from which D. above which .,解析：原句应该是这样的：A rare rainbow soon appeared _. 这里显然应该填上“above Mount Qomolangma”。我们可以将它改写为above which并用来连接这两个句子,2.The man pulled out a gold watch, _ were made of small diamonds. (2008陕西卷) A. the hands of whom B. whom the hands of C. which the hands of D. the hand

26、s of which,解析：“表的指针”是用钻石造的。这里涉及到了所有关系。在定语从句中，对于事物的所有关系我们可以使用whose + 名词，the + 名词 + of which 或of which the + 名词这三种形式。D项符合 the + 名词 + of which 结构，所以是正确的。,3. Ill give you my friends home address, _ I can be reached most evenings. （08北京卷） A. which B. when C. whom D. where 4. All the neighbor admire this

27、family, _the parents are treating their child like a friend. （2008安徽卷） A. why B. where C. which D. that,这两道题非常相似。两句的先行词分别为address和family，后面的从句缺少地点状语，所以要用in which 或where作为关系词连接。 第3题稍微有些难度。首先，有些同学没有理解这句话的意思，“我会给你我朋友的家庭住址。在这个地址，大部分的晚上你都可以找到我”。后面的句子如果改写为“you can reach me most evenings”则更容易理解。,5. Those s

28、uccessful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity _ sight matters more than hearing. 2007 天津卷 A. when B. whose C. which D. where,6. We shouldnt spent our money testing so many people,most of _are healthy2007 北京卷 A. that B.which C. what D. whom,7. By serving others, a person focuses on someone

29、 other than himself or herself, _ can be very eye-opening and rewarding. 2007 湖南卷 A. who B. which C. what D. that,9. Chans restaurant on Baker Street, _ used to be poorly run, is now a successful business. 2007 浙江卷 A. that B. which C. who D. where,8. The thought of going back home was kept him happy

30、 while he was working abroad2007 上海春 Athat Ball that Call what Dwhich,10. Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree _ they can be controlled on purpose. 2007 重庆卷 A. with which B. to which C. of which D. for which,人类的面部表情不同于动物，达到哪种程度可以根据某种目的加以控制。”,能力提升,Our class is a big fam

31、ily ; It consists of 12 girls and 50 boys. Most of them are mainly from the countryside. Zhao Qiang is a kind-hearted boy. He is always ready to help others. He is such a good boy that we all like him.,Our class is a big family which consists of 12 girls and 50 boys, most of whom are mainly from the

32、 countryside. Zhao Qiang is a kind-hearted boy, who is always ready to help others. He is such a good boy as we all like.,定语从句的运用,根据下列句子，完成短文。,众所周知，2008年北京成功的举办了奥运会。英语作为一种国际语言，在交流中起着重要作用。作为一名高三学生，我们应抓住现在的学习机会努力学好它。只有这样，才能为祖国贡献自己的力量。,注意：要使用定语从句.,As is known to all, Beijing hosted the 2008 Olympic Games . English, which is an international language , plays an important part in communicating with foreigners. We Senior Three students should seize this opportunity to learn it well, by which we can make our contributions to our motherland.,