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1、第11讲 八年级(下)Units 34,英语,1borrow(v.)lend(反义词)借出 2waste(v.)wasted(adj.)浪费的 3stress(n.)stressful(adj.)有压力的 4develop(v.)development(n.)发展 5fair(adj.)fairness(n.)公正性unfair(adj.反义词)不公平的 6ill(adj.)illness(n.)病 7independent(adj.)independence(n.)独立 8communicate(v.)communication(n.)交流；沟通 9clear(adj.)clearly(ad
2、v.)清楚地 10compete(v.)competition(n.)竞争 11type(n.)typical(adj.)典型的 12usual(adj.)unusual(adj.反义词)不寻常的usually(adv.)通常,1take out the rubbish 倒垃圾 2sweep the floor 扫地 3make the bed 铺床 4all the time 频繁；反复 5as soon as 一就；尽快 6in order to 目的是；为了 7depend on 依靠；信赖 8take care of 照顾；处理 9big deal 重要的事 10look throug
3、h 浏览；快速查看,11work out 解决；成功地发展 12get on (well) with 和睦相处；关系良好 13argue with sb. 和某人吵架 14give sth.back to sb.把某物归还给某人 15offer to do sth. 主动做某事 16communicate with 与交流 17compete with sb. 与某人竞争 18cut out 删除；删去 19not.until直到才 20compare.with 比较；对比 21in ones opinion 依看 22get into a fight with sb. 和某人打架,1Coul
4、d I at least finish watching this show？我至少看完这个节目行吗？ 2She wont be happy if she sees this mess.如果她看到这样不整洁，她会不高兴的。 3She didnt do any housework and neither did I她没有做家务活，我也没有做。 4Could I use your computer？我能用一下你的电脑吗？ Sorry.Im going to work on it now.对不起，我现在要用它工作。 5My mom came over as soon as I sat down in
5、 front of the TV.我一在电视机前坐下，我妈妈就过来了。 6Children these days depend on their parents too much.如今的孩子们依赖父母亲太多。 7The earlier kids learn to be independent the better it is for their future.孩子们越早学会独立，对他们的未来就越好。,8My parents dont allow me to hang out with my friends.我父母不允许我和朋友们一起出去闲逛。 9Why dont you go to sleep
6、 earlier this evening？为什么今晚你不早点儿去睡呢？ 10I found my sister looking through my things yesterday.昨天我发现我妹妹翻阅我的东西。 11Although shes wrong，its not a big deal尽管她不对，但这也不是什么大不了的事。 12My problem is that I cant get on with my family.我的问题是我不能和我的家人和睦相处。,13Instead，he watches whatever he wants until late at night.相反，
7、晚上无论他想看什么就看到很晚。 14You should explain that you dont mind him watching TV all the time.你应该说明你不介意他总是看电视。 15You are afraid of speaking in front of people.你害怕在人们面前说话。 16Your best friend doesnt trust you any more你最好的朋友不再信任你。,while 【典例在线】 I was taking a bath while my mother was preparing dinner.我妈妈准备晚餐的时候，
8、我正在洗澡。 Tom was watching TV while (he was) eating.汤姆边吃边看电视。 【拓展精析】 while作从属连词，意为“当的时候；在期间”，引导时间状语从句，其谓语动词必须为延续性动词。它强调主句的动作在从句动作的过程中发生，或者主句的动作与从句的动作同时发生，且持续时间一般较长。当while所引导的从句与主句的主语相同，且该从句的动词为be动词时，从句的主语和be动词有时可以省略。,【活学活用】 1)_C_ the children have fun，parents can take dancing lessons on the beach. ATho
9、ugh BIf CWhile DOnce 2)It seems that you are happy，why? I met an old friend of mine while I _C_ on the street.(2014，凉山) Awalks Bwalk Cwas walking Dam walking,in order to 【典例在线】 In order to get a complete picture，further information is needed.为了掌握全面情况，还需要详细资料。 【拓展精析】 in order to意为“目的是；为了”，比单纯的to do更强
10、调“目的”，可以放在句首，也可以放在句中。其否定形式为in order not to do。 【活学活用】 3)Many people give money to Project Hope _D_ help the poor children to go to school. Aas soon as Beven though Cso that Din order to,【拓展精析】 Whats the matter (with sb.)？相当于Whats wrong (with sb.)？常用于询问病情或是遇到了何种麻烦，意为“你怎么啦？/你哪儿不舒服？/出什么事了？” 表示这一意义的其他常用
11、口语表达还有： Whats wrong？怎么了？ Whats up？出什么事了？ Whats the trouble？有什么麻烦吗？ What happened？发生了什么事？ Is there anything wrong？有什么不对劲吗？ well在这里为形容词，意为“身体好”，相当于fine/healthy/fit。 【活学活用】 1)Hi，John！_B_？ Its Lucy，my dog.Her leg is hurt.(2014，江西) AHow are you BWhats the matter CWhos that DWhats Lucy like,mind 【典例在线】 Do
12、 you mind if I open the window？我打开窗户，你会介意吗？ Would you mind parking your car there？你介意把车子停到那边吗？ Not at all.不介意。 【拓展精析】 mind动词，意为“介意；在乎”，后常接动名词作宾语，不能接动词不定式。 Would you mind.？是交际用语中表示“请求”的常用句型，意为“你介意吗？”其肯定回答(即不介意对方做某事)常用：Not at all./Certainly not./Of course not.等。否定回答(即介意对方做某事)常用：Im sorry，but./Im afraid
13、 you cant./Yes，youd better not等。,【活学活用】 4)Would you mind _C_ the window？Its very hot. No，not at all.(2013，娄底) Aopen Bto open Copening Dto opening 5)I want to put up the picture on the wall.Would you mind helping me with it? _B_With pleasure.(2014，江西) AOf course BOf course not CYoud better not DThank
14、s a lot,allow 【典例在线】 Who allowed you to leave the camp？谁允许你离开营地的？ They allowed smoking in this room only.他们只允许在这个房间里抽烟。 You are not allowed to smoke here.这里不允许吸烟。 【拓展精析】 allow动词，意为“允许；准许”。 allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事 allow doing sth.允许做某事 be allowed to do sth.被允许做某事,【活学活用】 6)The little girl was cryin
15、g because her mother didnt allow her _C_ the icecream.(2014，重庆) Aeat Beats Cto eat Date 7)In our school，boys are not allowed (allow) to have long hair.,as soon as 【典例在线】 The baby began to cry as soon as she saw her mother.那个婴儿一看见她妈妈就开始哭。 Well go to play basketball as soon as the rain stops tomorrow.
16、明天雨一停我们就出去打篮球。 【拓展精析】 as soon as意为“一就”，引导时间状语从句。在使用时，要注意主、从句时态一致。当主句是一般将来时或过去将来时时，从句应对应使用一般现在时或过去时。 【活学活用】 8)Henry will give us a report as soon as he _A_(2013，河北) Aarrives Barrived Cis arriving Dwill arrive,Could you please clean your room？请你打扫一下你的房间好吗？ 【典例在线】 Could you please sweep the floor？请你打扫一
17、下地板，好吗？ Yes，of course.好的，当然可以。 Would you please not open the door？请你不要开门，好吗？ 【拓展精析】 could不是can的过去式，而是表示礼貌、委婉或不确定的语气，常用于请求帮助(第二人称)或请求允许(第一人称)的疑问句中。Could you please.？是一个婉转请求别人帮忙的句型，其后接动词原形。其肯定回答为：OK/Yes/Sure/Of course/No problem等；否定回答有：Sorry/No，Im afraid not/Id love to，but.等。,常见的表示委婉请求的方式还有： 以would开头的
18、句式 用wish/hope提出请求 用带please的祈使句提出请求 注意：could/would you please后面接动词原形，其否定形式是在动词原形前加not。 【活学活用】 1)Could you help me put up the maps on the wall? _A_(2012，铜仁) ANo problem BI hope so CThats all right DThats a good idea,She did not do any housework and neither did I她没有做任何家务活，我也没做。 【典例在线】 I didnt go to the
19、 park last Sunday.上周日我没去公园。 Neither did I我也没去。 They will play soccer tomorrow.他们明天去踢足球。 So will we.我们也去踢。 She knows little English.她英语懂得不多。 So she does.她的确如此。 【拓展精析】 “Neither/Nor助动词/情态动词/be主语”表示与上述否定情况相同。 “So助动词/情态动词/be主语”表示与上述肯定情况相同。,“So主语助动词/情态动词/be”表示强调，即对前面所说的情况加以肯定。 【活学活用】 2)I cant play the pia
20、no，and _A_(2013，黄石) Aneither can my sister Bmy sister cant，too Cso cant my sister Dcan my sister，either 3)My grandma is used to living in the city. _B_(2014，益阳) ASo my grandpa is BSo is my grandpa CSo my grandpa did Dso my grandpa was,The earlier kids learn to be independent，the better it is for the
21、ir future.孩子们越早学会独立，对他们的未来就越好。 【典例在线】 The more you eat，the fatter you will be.吃得越多，你就越胖。 Our country is becoming more and more beautiful.我们的国家正变得越来越美丽。 【拓展精析】 “the比较级，the比较级”意思是“越，越”。 “比较级and比较级”意思是“越来越”。,【活学活用】 4)_A_ you are，_ mistakes you will make in the test. AThe more careful；the fewer BThe mor
22、e carefully；the fewer CThe more careful；the less DThe more carefully；the less 5)The weather is becoming _A_(2014，兰州) Ahotter and hotter Bmore hot and hot Choter and hoter Dmore and more hot,Why dont you talk to your parents？你为什么不和你的父母交谈呢？ 【典例在线】 Why dont you buy a suit for your husband？你为什么不给你丈夫买一套西
23、服呢？ Why not learn some Chinese pop songs？为什么不学一些中国的流行歌曲？ What/How about going for a walk？去散步怎么样？ 【拓展精析】 Why dont you do sth.？Why not do sth.？是提建议的一种表达方式。类似的表达方式还有： What/How about doing sth.? Shall we do sth.?,Lets do sth. Youd better do sth. 其肯定答语为Good idea！/OK./Wonderful！/Great！/Sounds good！等；其否定答语
24、为Sorry，but.等。 【活学活用】 6)What should I get my mom for her birthday? Why _A_ get her a scarf？(2013，贵阳) Adont you Bdo you Care you Dnot you 7)Look！Its raining heavily！_A_ take a raincoat with you? Well，Ill take one right now.(2014，阜康) AWhy not BWhy dont CWould you mind DWould you like,borrow，lend，keep 【
25、典例在线】 I borrowed a book from Jack yesterday.昨天我从杰克那里借了本书。 Jack lent me a book yesterday./Jack lent a book to me yesterday.昨天杰克借给我一本书。 How long can I keep the book？这本书我可以借用多长时间？ 【拓展精析】 borrow指“借入”或“借他人的东西供自己使用”。固定短语borrow sth.from sb.意为“向某人借某物”。,lend指“(把自己的东西)借出”。固定短语lend sb.sth.或lend sth.to sb.意为“借给
26、某人某物”。 keep意为“保存；保留”，可引申为“借用”，此时常与一段时间或how long等连用。 【活学活用】 1)Jim，can I borrow your car? Sorry，I lent it to Steven just now. How long will he keep it? Two days.,provide，offer 【典例在线】 They provided the children with good food and clothing.他们给孩子们提供了良好的衣服食物。 The manager offers a job to me in his company.
27、那个经理在他的公司里给我提供了一份工作。 【拓展精析】 provide意为“提供；供应”，常用于provide sb.with sth.或provide sth.for sb.固定搭配中。 offer意为“提供；给予”，常用于offer sb.sth.或offer sth.to sb.固定搭配中。另offer to do sth.意为“(主动提出)做某事”。,【活学活用】 2)That company provided (提供) us with 3，000 dollars in 2012.(2013，黄冈) 3)Parents often _D_ their children _ some g
28、ood advice.(2014，兰州) Aoffer；with Boffer；/ Cprovide；with Dboth B and C,instead，instead of，rather than 【典例在线】 Last summer I went to Qingdao.This summer Im going to Dalian instead.去年夏天我去了青岛。今年夏天我将改去大连。 We should do something instead of just talking about it.We should do something rather than just talk
29、about it.我们不应该只是谈论，而应该做点什么。 【拓展精析】 instead作副词，意为“代替；而不是”，常位于句首或句末。,instead of和rather than都可以表示“而不是”，常位于句中，两者都可接名词、代词等作宾语。若后接动词时，instead of后接v.ing，rather than后常接动词原形。 【活学活用】 4)If youre busy，you may come another day instead 5)He would play computer games rather_than do his homework. 6)You should try y
30、our best to finish it instead_of giving up.,一、根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词。 1Whatever (无论什么) you say，I wont believe you any more. 2He was too nervous (紧张的) to say anything. 3Mark lost one of his fingers (手指) in that accident. 4Some middle school students cant get enough sleep under the pressure (压力) of school
31、work. 5You shouldnt always compare (比较) your kids with other kids. 6We should do something useful instead of just waiting. 7There are lots of black cloudsIts going to rain. 8You should return the books to the library in time. 9Li Ming hates talk shows because he thinks they are boring.,二、用方框中所给单词的适当
32、形式填空。每词限用一次，每空限填一词。 fair，sweep，stress，argue，communicate，develop 10Many foreigners are surprised at the rapid development of China.(2013，贵阳) 11They stopped arguing when they saw the teacher walking into the classroom. 12We all care much about the fairness of the competition. 13Here is a way to improv
33、e your communication skills. 14Mary swept the floor because it was so dirty. 15Driving on mountain roads always makes me stressful(2013，宁夏),三、单项选择。 16Why dont you watch TV at home? Id love to，but my mother doesnt allow me _C_ that.(2014，呼和浩特) Ado Bdid Cto do Ddoing 【解析】考查非谓语动词。allow sb.to do sth.是固定
34、短语，意为“允许某人做某事”。故选C。 17Could I _C_ your iPad，Alice? Of course.Here you are.(2013，济南) Alend Bkeep Cborrow Creturn 【解析】考查动词辨析。A、C两项都是“借”的意思，但lend指借出，borrow指借入。句意为“艾丽丝，我能借你的iPad吗？” “当然可以，给你。”根据句意可知，题干中表示的是“借入”。故选C。,18I dont _B_ the heat，for Im used to hot weather.(2014，安徽) Alike Bmind Cknow Dstand 【解析】本
35、题考查动词的词义辨析。like“喜欢”；mind“介意”；know“知道”；stand“站着，容忍”。根据题干中的“我已经习惯了炎热的天气”可知说话人应该不介意高温。故选B。 19As a student，we should study hard. Yes._C_ we study，_ results well get.(2014，益阳) AThe hard；the good BThe harder；the best CThe harder；the better DThe hard；the better 【解析】考查比较级句型。“the比较级，the比较级”意为“越，越”。句意为“作为学生，我
36、们应该努力学习。” “是的，我们越努力学习，我们得到的结果就越好。”故选C。,20Sir，could you please put out your cigarette？This is a smokefree (无烟的) school. _A_(2013，菏泽) AIm sorry about this BNo problem CSure，Id love to DNever mind 【解析】Im sorry about this.“对此我感到很抱歉”；No problem.“没问题”；Sure，Id love to.“当然，我很愿意”；Never mind.“没关系”。由上句“先生，请你把你
37、的香烟灭了好吗？这是一所无烟学校。”可知，此处应答者应对自己的不好行为表示抱歉。故选A。,写作典例之烦恼与微笑 (一)(2013，荆门) 假如你是刘强，你在学校学生会里看到一项关于学生遇到的种种“烦恼”的调查。请你阅读以下20位学生填写的调查表，然后从中选择你认为最大的烦恼，并根据自己的实际经验或体会，给出建议。 要求： 1根据提示内容，选出一种烦恼，并给出建议。 2逻辑清楚，语句通顺，行文流畅，自由发挥，观点不限，无需标题。 3文中不能以任何形式出现真实人名、校名和县(市)区名及其他相关信息。 4词数：100左右。,【范文欣赏】 I am Liu Qiang.I think its not
38、strange to have worries.Some students say they have become fat and that really makes them feel bad about themselves.I think this is one of the biggest worries for us.But I think we can do something about it. First，you could eat less.The body needs food for energy，but youll become fat if you eat more
39、 than your body needs.If you eat less，the body can burn more calories than you eat.Second，do more exercise.Doing exercise can also help the body burn the calories and make you thinner.There are many ways to do exercise.For example，you could go to school on foot or by bike. Dont worry too much.I thin
40、k you will become fit soon.,(二)(2014，绥化) 微笑，是对他人表示友善和关爱，微笑可以给人激励，可以使人奋进，请你结合自己的经历谈谈在你的生活中谁的微笑打动了你，为什么他/她的微笑会打动你，你有什么体会呢？ 参考词汇：encourage，selfconfidence (自信)，smile at 【范文欣赏】 Smiles are beautiful and important.A smile given to the right person at the right time can light that persons day. I was once mo
41、ved by a smile from my friend.Three years ago，when I made a speech on my first day of class，I was so nervous that I couldnt say a word.Tony，one of my classmates，sitting in the front row，smiled at me and spoke in a low voice，“Yes，you can.”I was greatly encouraged by his smile.His smile was important because it gave me selfconfidence. I will never forget my friends smile because Ive learned that something so simple can make a big difference.,请完成考点集训11,