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1、,作业-在作业本上写出自己的模板,读写任务写作指导,目标-不管作文题目是什么，在作文上写出自己的模板和好句子。,Viewpoint,骨头-作文的万能模板 肉-好句子（doing，with，倒装） 好作文不是考场上写的， 而是现在积累出来的， 是多次改出来的。,1.阅读，抓住内容要点。 2.第一段，概括，转述作者观点。 在找出文章的内容要点后，就要用自己的话转述原文内容要点。要注意在用词或句式上做到同义替换，避免抄袭之嫌。,3.过渡，引出自己观点。 写了摘要后，用句过渡的话，再引出自己的观点(赞成或反对)或引出类似的故事。 4.例证，论证自己观点。 议论文在提出自己的观点后，就用具体的事例来论证
2、自己的观点。 记叙文编写与阅读文章主题相同但情节不同的故事(亲身经历或虚构)。 5.结论，注意前后呼应。,读写任务的篇章结构归纳如下，可参考： (1)标题。(有时不一定要求拟标题) (2)第一段：用一两句话概括所给短文内容要点，约30词。建议控制在2540词之间。 (3)第二段： 议论文过渡词引出主题句自己的观点例证，约100词。 记叙文过渡词+与阅读文章主题相同但情节不同的故事，约100词。 (4)第三段：即总结句，(套语配名言来进行点题)，要前后呼应，约20词。,在练习纸上写出简略的模板,1.概括短文的内容要点，该部分大约30字； 2.然后以120个词就“pocket money”的主题发
3、表看法，并包括如下要点： (1)孩子有零花钱的利与弊； (2)你认为“如何正确看待零花钱”,读写任务的篇章结构归纳如下，可参考： (1)标题。 On Pocket Money（论零花钱） (2)第一段：用一两句话概括所给短文， the passage tell us在2540词之间。 (3)第二段：I think-in my opinion- -good-do harm to- 约100词。 (4)第三段：即总结句all in all, good, bad-约20词。,How to write a summary?,概括议论文的时候 我们通常可以去第一段或最后一段找论点。 若文中有一分为二的观
4、点，两种观点都要概括，不要漏掉其中一方的观点。,同义替换 用同近义的词语或句型改写，如 “in the United States, governments” 就可以用 “ American governments ”来替换； prevent the youth from smoking 则可用 stop/keep the youth from smoking 来替换； 语态互换 即主语语态与被动语态的转换，如governments have carried out many campaigns就可以用它的被动语态来表示： many campaigns have been carried ou
5、t,在写summary时，要依照作者的观点，客观地转述其要点，不要强加自己的观点,要注意归纳和积累summary中常用的句式或模板。如议论文的概要通常可以如此开头： The passage talks about the importance of healthy diet . The author talks about the impact影响 of too much pocket money. The passage talks about healthy eating by telling the story of Wangpengs restaurant . The author t
6、alks about the harmful effects影响 of smoking.,积累模板,挑一句 抄下来,要注意归纳和积累summary中常用的句式或模板。而记叙文的概要则可以从以下模板中选择： The story is about a misunderstanding between a student and a teacher. The author tells us a story about Yonghui and Wangpengs restaurant. The passage is a story about _. According to the passage,
7、the hero主人公 in the story _.,积累模板,挑一句 抄下来,篇 章 结 构,议论文的过渡语 表示赞同 (1)I agree with the statement that. (2)I do agree with the author. (3)Im for the writers idea that. (4)I approve of the writers idea. (5)I fully support the statement above because I am very sure. (6)I cant agree more with what the writer
8、 said/says.(我完全同意作者的观点),第二段开头第一句,挑一句 抄下来,提供论据或原因分析的套语 总述原因 (1)There are several reasons that contribute to . (2)My views are based on the following reasons. 分层论述 (1)On the one hand,. On the other hand,. 一方面另一方面 (2)For one thing,. For another. 一则二则 (3)To begin with/First of all/First (ly),. Second (l
9、y), . Besides/Furthermore /Whats more,. Finally/Last but not least. 首先其次此外/而且最后,挑一句 抄下来,表达自己观点 (1)As for me,. (2)In my opinion, . (3)As far as I am concerned,. (4)From my point of view. (5)I hold the view/belief that. (6)Personally, I believe that. (7)According to my experience, I think that.,挑一句 抄下
10、来,引出话题 (1)There is no doubt that. 毫无疑问 (2)It can not be denied that. 不可否认 (3)No one can ignore the fact that. 谁也不可忽视 (4)From what is mentioned above, we know. 依上所述，我们知道,挑一句 抄下来,(1)All in all, . 总之， (2)Taking all the factors into account, we can draw a conclusion that. 考虑到以上因素，我们可以得出这样的结论： (3)From th
11、e discussion above, it can be safely concluded that. 根据以上讨论，可以得出如下结论： (4)To be brief, we should be aware of the importance of. 总之，我们应当明白的重要性。 (5)Therefore, it is necessary for us to . 因此，我们有必要 (6)Only /in this way /when we. can we. 只有用这种方法/当时，我们才能,总结句开头语,自己选择的理由,第二段第三句话：自己选择的理由 For one thingfor anot
12、her For one thing ,I do not have much money. For another, I have to go over my books prepare for my exams. there is no doubt that. 毫无疑问,模板，可参考： (1)标题。 On Pocket Money（论零花钱） (2)第一段： The author talks about the harmful effects影响 of -. (3)第二段： I do agree with the author. My views are based on the follow
13、ing reasons. For one thing,. For another,. there is no doubt that. 毫无疑问 (4)第三段：all in all, -,万能好处及造句练习,1.increase knowledge(旅游能帮助人们增加知识) 2.develop ones taste(阅读可以帮助人们提升品味) 3. deepen ones wisdom (旅游可以让我加深智慧) 4.reduce ones pressure(运动可以减压) 5.relieve ones stress(运动可以放松),万能好处及造句练习,Good for study Good fo
14、r health Have a good effect on our health .heal myself and search my soul 远离城市可以救赎自我和寻找自己的灵魂,万能坏处及造句练习,1.be a waste of moneybe money-consuming 外出旅游花费很大。/看电影花费很大。 2.be a waste of time=be time-consuming 看电视很浪费时间/ 通宵上网很花时间。 3.have a negative effect on our study 游戏对我们的学习有负面影响。 4.cause pollution 5 Have a
15、 negative effect on sbs health 抽烟将会对我们的健康产生负面影响。,锦上添花-用事先想好的定语从句，强调句，倒装句来作理由 袁隆平是一个中国人为之骄傲的人物。 水对我们很重要，没有水我们无法生存。,袁隆平是一个中国人为之骄傲的人物。 Yuan longping is a person whom Chinese are proud of 水对我们很重要，没有水我们无法生存。 Water is important to us, without which we cannot live.,简单主谓宾-旅游让我们开阔视野 Traveling makes us open o
16、ur mind.(5分） Traveling opens our mind.(6分） 旅游对我们很重要，没有它我们无法开阔视野。,旅游对我们很重要，没有它我们无法开阔视野。 Traveling is important to us, without which we cant open our mind.（9分）,简单主谓宾-旅游让我们放松，减轻压力 Traveling makes us relax.(5分） Traveling makes us relax our mind and body.(6分） Traveling reduces our pressure.(6分） 旅游对我们很重要，
17、没有它我们无法放松。,3. 李方因为找不到工作，整天借酒浇愁。（drown）,Li fang drowns his sorrows或sadness in drink everyday because he cant find a job.,Drown - in the -,将哀伤，愤怒，压力泡在某样事物里-,Drown your pressure in the beautiful scenes,旅游时，你可将压力泡在-,Drown your pressure in the Yue mountains and West Lakes,Drown your pressure in the mount
18、ains and Lakes,Festivals let us enjoy life, be proud of our customs and forget our work for a little while. Traveling let us- Traveling let us enjoy life, be proud of our country and forget our work for a little while.,记叙文的过渡语 (1)I have a similar experience. (2)I also went through such an experience
19、. (3)This story reminds me of another story that happened to. (4)This story reminds me of a similar experience of.,列举例子 (1)Take. for example. 以为例吧 (2)For example/instance,. 例如， (3)such as比如说，诸如之类的 引出经历 What impresses me most is that. 我印象最为深的是 分析因果 Thanks to/ Owing to/ Because of.由于/因为Consequently/Th
20、erefore/Thus/ As a result,. 因此/结果,提高作文档次,练习,表伴随,是你多么温馨的目光，教我坚毅望着前路，盯瞩我跌倒不应放弃 You teach me to be strong-minded, telling me that I should never give up when falling down. 千呼万唤始出来，犹抱琵琶半遮面 After coming out, she covered her half face with her lute. Eventually she came out, covering her half face with her
21、 lute. 儿童相见不相识，笑问客从何处来 The children can not recognize me, asking me where I come from.,1.表达精练简洁。 2.避免低级错误。 避免语法和拼写的低级错误，避免被扣印象分。 3.保证赏心悦目。 注重书写美观，保持卷面整洁，提高印象分。 (1)切忌书写不清、涂涂抹抹； (2)保持单词之间的距离基本一致，一般为一个a字母的间隙； (3)错词只用一条横线或斜线划掉，尽量不重复涂写同一字母或单词； (4)每段前空格约4个字母的位置。,4.句子错落有致。 根据表达需要，交叉使用长句与短句、简单句与复杂句。 5.句式多种多
22、样。 多样化句式，方能显示较强的语言功底，大大提高作文档次。 (1)用it is/was. that.强调句式； (2)用作状语的介词短语开头的完全倒装句或用以only in this way等开头的部分倒装句； (3)用with的复合结构(with+宾语+宾补)作状语或定语； (4)用非谓语动词；,(5)用what引导的名词性从句； (6)用独立主格结构； (7)恰当运用感叹句、被动句等； (8)适当运用however, in my opinion, fortunately, personally等插入语； (9)尽量用短语代替单词来表达同样的意思； (10)恰当使用关联词语，做到过渡自然，
23、结构紧凑，篇章连贯。,Translation exercises:,父母的陪伴学习不利于孩子养成独立生活的能力。 （先用复合句翻译，再用简单句翻译） 我赞成他们出国留学的想法。（要求同上） 他感激不尽，因为正是在同学们的帮助下，他才取得了如此巨大的进步。（用强调句来翻译） 他不仅学习努力，还乐于帮助同学。（用倒装句来翻译） 他热爱教学，乐于帮助大家，治学严谨，深受学生喜爱和尊敬。（只使用一个句子来翻译）,Possible version: If parents accompany their child in study, it will not be good for the child t
24、o develop the ability to live independently. Parents company with their child in study is not good for the child to develop the ability to live independently. I am in favor of the idea that they study abroad. I am in favor of the idea of their studying abroad. 3. He was very grateful because it was with the help of his classmates that he made such rapid progress.,4. Not only does he work hard but also offers much help to his classmates. 5. His passion for teaching, willingness to help others and his earnest pursuit of knowledge earn him deep love and much respect from his students.,