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1、1.英语动词有三种语气， 陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。 2. 定义：用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。,if条件句,Part1,真实,虚拟,What will you do if it rains tomorrow?,I will stay at home if it rains tomorrow.,一、虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法,条件从句,If 从句的谓语形式,主句的谓语形式,现在,过去,未来,did / were,had done,would/could/should/might +V.(原),would/could/shoul
2、d/might+have+p.p.,1. did / were 2. should do 3. were to do,would/could/should/ might + V.(原),条件状语的倒装（if省略）：,如果条件状语中有were, had, should时, 可以倒装成：Were / Should / Had +主+其他,Were I you, I would try it again.,Had he been there yesterday, he would have seen the film.,Should it snow tomorrow, we wouldnt go o
3、ut.,If I were you, I would try it again.,If he had been there yesterday, he would have seen the film.,If it should snow tomorrow, we wouldnt go out.,含蓄虚拟条件句 一些介词短语, 如:but for(要不是), without, otherwise(= or 否则), in that case(如果是那样的话), 表示含蓄的条件,这时主句要用虚拟语气 考题 He hesitated for a moment before kicking the
4、ball, otherwise he _ a goal. A. had scored B. scored C. would score D. would have scored,6.without和but for 构成虚拟。(but for要不是),Without sunlight, peoples life would be different from today. But for your help, I wouldnt have finished the work.,1.有时，主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，主句从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同，这种条件句叫做混合条件句。例
5、如： If the weather had been finer, the crops would be growing still better. If you had followed the teachers advice, you wouldnt be in the hospital.,错综条件句,If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now. 如果你昨天问过他，今天就知道做什么了。（从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。） If it had rained last night（过去）, it would
6、 be very cold today （现在）.如果昨晚下过雨，今天就会很冷了。,考题 It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown. A. wouldnt have fallen B. had not fallen C. should fall D. were to fall,虚拟语气特殊句型：,wish + 宾语从句,现在： 过去： 未来：,过去时 (did/w
7、ere),过去完成时 (had done)或者might/could/would+have done,would/could/might+V. should,I wish I were a bird. (现在) I wish I hadnt made such a mistake. (过去) We wish our parents wouldnt punish us. (未来),2. would rather had rather that would sooner,现在： 过去： 未来：,I would rather you paid me now. (现在),I would rather
8、you had gone, too. (过去),Dont come. I would rather you came tomorrow. (未来),过去时,过去时,过去完成时,3. as if /though + 从句,现在： 过去：,过去时,过去完成时,He looks as if he were drunk.,They talked as if they had been friends for years.,She loves the baby as if it were her own son. It seems as if it were spring. I remember the
9、 whole thing as if it had happened yesterday.,4.Its (about/high) time +that -,should +V.,过去时,你该走了。,我们该睡觉了。,Its high time that you went. Its high time that you should go.,Its time that we went to bed. Its time that we should go to bed.,5. 表示要求，命令，建议的虚拟语气。,宾语从句。常见动词 一个坚持：insist 两个命令：order, command 四个建
10、议：advise, suggest, propose，recommend 四个要求：demand , require, request, desire,这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。即从句中的动词 使用should + 动词原形，或者将should省略。,以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句（包括主语从句，表语从句和同位语）也要使用虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样。 order, advice, suggestion, proposal, demand, request, desire,Its suggested that the plan be carried out. My dem
11、and is that she should come to see me once a week. All of us are for the advice that the chemical factory should be closed down.,6. If only (要是就好了) If only I knew his name! If only we had followed your advice! If only I could see him again!,7.1)、在for fear that, in case, lest引导的目的状语从句中，若用虚拟语气时，从句谓语为：
12、should + do。并且 should不能省略 She examined the door again for fear that a thief should come in. 她又把门检查了一遍，以防盗贼的进入。 He started out earlier lest he should be late. 他早早的就出发了以防迟到。 2)、在so that, in order that所引导的目的状语从句中，从句中的谓语为：can / could / may / might / will / would / should + do。 He goes closer to the spea
13、ker so that he can hear him clearer. 他走近说话的人以便能听得更清楚。 He read the letter carefully in order that he should not miss a word. 他把信读得很仔细以便不漏掉一个字。,8.表情绪.观点的形容词或名词也要用虚拟语气.如:necessary、important、impossible、natural、strange、surprising、funny、right、wrong、better、a pity等。 句型：It is.that +主语从句，从句的谓语动词都要用should+原型 或
14、只用动词原型。 Do you think it necessary that he (should) not be sent to Lingbao. It is srange that such a person should be our friend. 奇怪的是这样一个人会成为我们的朋友。,9.suppose或supposing=what if Supposing it were so, what would happen? 要是这样的话，会怎么样呢？ She would have come here, but she was too busy with her homework. 她本来就是要到这里来，但是她当时写作业太忙了,Thank you!,