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1、Book 8 Module 4,Grammar : 状语,1.时间状语，引导词有:,when, while, as, until, whenever, since, after, before, by the time, hardlywhen, no soonerthan, as soon as, directly, instantly, immediately, the moment, the instant, the minute, the first time,I recognized him the moment/the instant/the minute/ immediately/
2、directly/the first time I saw him.,Shall we go swimming tomorrow?,After taking my name and address, he asked me a lot of questions.,2. 地点状语.,I will go where I am most needed.,There are plenty of unusual plants and animals in the forest.,At the airport, she saw her brother off.,3.表达在某方面的状语,多置于句末和句首。如
3、,He is quick in action.,He is careful in his work.,About your request, we cant assist you in this matter.,So far as I am concerned, you can do what you like.,4.原因状语, 引导词有:,because, since, as, seeing that, considering that now that,She did it out of her gratitude to him.,He was unable to finish the t
4、ask because of his poor health.,5.结果状语. 引导词有：,sothat,suchthat, so that.多由不定式、分词和 从句表示，常位于句末。,He is too young to go to school.,They spoke so loudly at the theatre as to disturb the people around them.,For a long time, China has lacked adequate forests, causing many catastrophes.,6.目的状语.多由不定式、介词短语和从句等
5、表示，常位于 句末，强调时也可置于句首。 引导词有:,so that, in order that, for fear that, in case, lest.,Hearing the alarm, he ran for shelter,In order to improve our pronunciation, we often listen to English broadcasts.,7.条件状语. 多由短语和从句表示，常置于句末和句首。 引导词有：,if, unless, so long as, in case, on condition that, supposing that, s
6、uppose that, provided that/providing that,If you study hard, you will make great progress.,Turn to the right, you will find the place you are looking for.,In case there is a fire, what will you do first?,Ill go providing/provided that my wages are paid.,Ill lend it to you as long as you handle it wi
7、th care.,Supposing/suppose that we cant get enough food, what shall we do?,8.让步状语.常由短语和从句表示，可置于句末和句首。 引导词有：,although, though, even if, even though, while. as, whetheror, no matter+疑问词和疑问句ever,Even if you work hard, you still cant catch up with them in such a short time.,Despite the difficulties, the
8、y finished the job.,While we dont agree on the matter, we continue to be friends.(虽然),9. 程度状语。常由副词、介词短语及从句等表示。单词 多置于其所修饰的句子之前或之后，短语和从句一般皆置 于所修饰的句子成分之后，但有时也可置于所修饰的句子 成分之前。,The lecture was not very interesting. (very 一般只可置于 其所修饰的句子成分之前),To my great joy, the manager told me that I would have a rise in
9、pay though many others would be dismissed.,You very much surprised me.,At that time politicians were not known to the degree that they are today.,10.方式状语（包括情况、手段、比较、使用工具等）,常 由副词。短语、从句等表示。,引导词有：as( 按照， 依照；像，如；as if /as though (好像),She looked with great doubt.,He fixed the door with a special tool.,He
10、 worked carefully, as an expert works.,You look as if you need a rest.,11.伴随情况状语,常由短语和独立主格等表示，多位于句 末和句首。,Laughing and talking, the pupils went out of the hall.,He sat in the corner, tears in eyes.,2006年高考对状语的考察,1.(重庆卷) In time of serious accidents,_ we know some basic things about first aid, we can
11、save lives. A. whether B. until C. if D. unless,2.(全国I)_ he has limited technical knowledge, the old worker has a lot of experience. A. Since B. Unless C. As D. Although,C,D,3. (四川卷)-Mom, what did your doctor say? - He advised me to live_ the air is fresher. A. in where B. in which C. the place wher
12、e D. where 4. (四川卷)- Why didnt you tell him about the meeting? - He rushed out of the room_ I could say a word. A.before B. until C. when D. after 5. (全国II) We thought there were 35 students in the dining hall,_, in fact, there were 40. A.while B. whether C. what D. which 6. (全国II) We often provide our children with toys, footballs or basketballs,_ that all children like these things. A. thinking B. think C. to think D. thought,D,A,A,A,