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1、,新课标人教版课件系列,高中英语 选修（模块）6-1.4,2019/7/20,虚拟语气 Subjunctive Mood (I),GRAMMER 语法,陈述语气 I went to the theatre yesterday. Jack hadnt come back home yet. 祈使语气 Lets go. Dont touch anything on the table until the bell rings.,一. 语气的分类,虚拟语气 If I were you,I would not leave her alone. Our teacher suggested that we
2、 go to the library this afternoon.,2019/7/20,条件句表示主句的条件,分真实条件句 和虚拟条件句 两种。,a. 真实条件句 表示条件是真的或有可能实现的, 采用陈述语气。 b. 虚拟条件句 表示条件是无法实现或几乎无法实现的, 采用虚拟语气。,二. if 虚拟条件句的概念,由 if 引导的虚拟条件句叫作 if虚拟条件句 I could easily recognize if I had seen him before. 其他虚拟条件句 Without your help, I couldnt have finished my work on time.
3、,三. if Sentence Structure if 虚拟条件句的结构,a. 表示与现在事实相反 的假设 b. 表示与过去事实相反 的假设 c. 表示与将来事实相反 的假设,1. 虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中 (1) 表示与现在事实相反的假设, 条件 状语从句中的谓语动词用“过去式(be 动词的过去式用were)”, 而主句中的谓语动词“would / should/ could / might + 动词原形”。,虚拟语气,If I were a boy, I would join the army.,What would you do if you won the lottery? If
4、I won the lottery, I would,If I won the lottery, I would buy an expensive car.,If I had a lot of money,I would buy a villa.,If I had a lot of money now, I would travel around the world.,If it were fine now,I would go shopping.,a. If they _ (be) here, they _ (take) your advice. b. If the world-war _
5、(burst) out again, what _ (happen) to our people on earth?,were,would take,burst,would happen,PRACTICE 1: Fill in the blanks.,c. If the policeman _ (be not) in that room, it _ (be) very dangerous. d. If I _ (be) in your position, I _ (ask) for teachers help.,were not,could be,were,would ask,2. 与过去的事
6、实相反,从句的谓语用had过去分词, 构成If I (we, you, he, they)had过去分词的形式； 主句的谓语用should(第一人称)/would (第二、三人称) /could/might have 动词过去分词。,If he _ more carefully, he _ the car accident yesterday.,had driven,would not have had,If I _ how to swim,I _ trapped in this island.,had learnt,would not have been,a. If Tom _ (be) m
7、ore careful in the exam, he _ (pass) it already. b. If you _ (get) up earlier, you _ (catch) the first train.,had been,would have passed,had got,would have caught,PRACTICE 2: Fill in the blanks.,c. If I _ (meet) you yesterday, we _ (go) to the concert together.,had met,would have gone,3. 与将来事实相反,从句的
8、谓语用If I (we, you, he, they) 动词过去式或 were to do 或should do 形式, 主句谓语用should(第一人称) /would (第二、三人称) /could/ might 动词原形。,If he got up early,he would be on time.,假如他来了, 我们对他说什么呢？,If he were to come, what should we say to him.,假如他看见我, 就会认识我。,If he should see me, he would know me.,a. If there _ (be) no natur
9、al resource any more, we _ (make) use of nuclear power . b. What _ (happen) if you _ (get up) too late tomorrow?,should be,should make,would happen,should get up,PRACTICE 3: Fill in the blanks,c. If Robots _ (control) the world some day, here _ (be) no friendship.,were to control,would be,主句与从句的动作发生
10、在不同的时间, 这时主从句位于动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同, 这叫做混合条件句。 例句中从句与过去事实相反, 主句与现在事实相反 If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now.,If the staff had been more careful,the mall would not be on fire now.,过去时(were),would/could/should/might +V. (原),虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法。,过去完成时,would/could/should/might + have+
11、p.p.,1.过去时 2.should+V. 3. were to do,would/could/ should/ might +V. (原),二. 虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法,1. 在动词wish后的宾语从句中, 表示与现在或过去的事实相反, 或对将来的主观愿望, 从句通常省略连词that。,1) 表示对现在情况的虚拟: 从句动词用过去式或过去进行式 (be动词一般用were) 。,I wish I were as tall as you.,I wish I were a bird.,I wish every day were my birthday.,I wish/wished I had
12、nt eaten so much watermelon.,(2) 表示对过去情况的虚拟:从句动词常用“had过去分词”。,The party was terrible, I wish I had never gone to it.,(3) 表示对将来的主观愿望: 从句动词形式为 “ would动词原形”。,注意: 主句的主语与从句的主要不能相同, 因为主句的主语所期望的从句动作能否实现，取决于从句主语的态度或意愿(非动物名词除外)。 但愿你立刻来。 I wish you would come soon.,I wish it would rain tomorrow.,as if/as thoug
13、h,由as if (as though) 或even though (even though) 引导的状语从句表示比较或方式时, 从句谓语形式为动词的过去式(be用were)或 “had过去分词”。,He behaves as if he owned the house.,(But he doesnt own it or probably doesnt own it or we dont know whether he owns it or not.),She talks about Rome as though she had been there himself.,他那样对待我, 好像我式
14、陌生人似的。,He treats me as if I were a stranger.,注意: 如果表示的事情可能会发生, 那么方式状语从句中的谓语动词可用陈述语气。,Even if she were here, she could not solve the problem.,关于虚拟语气 辩析1,关于虚拟语气 辩析2,关于虚拟语气 辩析3,关于虚拟语气 辩析4,关于虚拟语气 辩析5,句型练习 (用If I were you句型翻译下列句子),1. 我要是你的话, 我就会把英语学好。 2. 如果你昨天来, 你就会看见他。 3. 万一明天下雨, 我们就不到那儿去。 4. 我希望我十年前认识他
15、。 5. 他对待我就像对待他自己的儿子一样。,Homework,关于陈述语气 1,What will you do if it rains tomorrow?,I will stay at home if it rains tomorrow.,关于陈述语气 2,关于祈使语气 1,关于祈使语气 2,关于祈使语气 3,关于祈使语气 4,真实条件句 真实条件句用于陈述语气, 假设的情况可能发生, 其中 if 是如果的意思。,时态关系 句型: 条件从句 主句 一般现在时 shall/will + 动词原形 If he comes, he will bring his violin.,The volle
16、yball match will be put off if it _. A. will rain B. rains C. rained D. is rained,答案B 真实条件句主句为将来时, 从句用一般现在时。,注意： 在真实条件句中,主句不能用be going to表示将来,该用shall, will. (错) If you leave now, you are never going to regret it. (对) If you leave now, you will never regret it.,2) 表示真理时,主句谓语动词便不用shall (will) +动词原形,而直接用一般现在时的动词形式。,