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1、英语语法解析 “现在完成进行时”用法归纳,现在完成进行时表示某动作从过去某个时间开始，一直延 续到现在，并且还有可能持续下去。 肯定句 主语 + have (has) been + 现在分词(doing) 现在完成时的被动语态 主语 + have (has) been + 过去分词(done) 疑问句 Have (Has) + 主语 + been + 现在分词(doing)？,一. 现在完成进行时的定义和结构,eg. 1.It has been raining for three days. 雨下了三天了。 2.We have been waiting for him for two hour
2、s. 我们等他等了两个小时。 3.Have you been writing all the day? 你一整天都在写吗？ 4.How long has it been raining? 雨下了多久了？,现在完成进行时,1. 表示“持续” 即表示一个从过去某时开始一直持续的动作，这动作可能刚刚停 止，也可能还在进行。 eg. 1)The children have been having a lot of fun. 孩子们一直玩得很开心。 2)She is very tired. She has been working all morning. 她很累。她干了一早晨了。 3)The toba
3、cco industry has been trying to improve its image. 烟草行业一直在试图改善其形象。,二.现在完成进行时的用法,2. 表示“重复” 即表示在一段持续的时间内动作的多次重复，而这个重复的动作在说话时并不一定在进行。 eg. 1)We have all along been making mistakes like this. 我们一直犯这样的错误。 2)Jim has been phoning Jenny every night for the past week. 一星期以来吉姆每天晚上给詹妮打电话。,二.现在完成进行时的用法,现在完成进行时所用
4、的时间状语： all day / month; this month / week / year; these days; recently / lately; in the past few + 时间段; since +时间点; for + 时间段,等。 eg. 1.He has been working all day. 他整天都在工作。 2.They have been building the bridge for two month. 两个月来他们一直在修桥。 3.Car sales have been shrinking recently. 汽车销量近来一直在下降。 4.The t
5、wo parties have been trying to unite since the New Year. 自从新年以来，双方就一直在试图联手。,三.与现在完成进行连用的主要时间状语,1.现在完成时强调动作的完成，而现在完成进行时强调动作 的延续，因此，表示动作的完成，只能用现在完成时，而 不能用现在完成进行时。 eg. He has changed his idea. 他改变了想法。,四.现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别,2.在表示动作的延续时，虽然既可用现在完成时，也可用现在 完成进行时，但现在完成进行时强调动作的进行。因此在需 要明确表示动作还要持续下去时，应用现在完成进行时。 e
6、g. We have been studying here for two years. 我们在这儿已经学习了两年了。,四.现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别,3.在许多情况下，现在完成时表示动作已经完成，而现在 完成进行时却并非如此。 eg. 1)He has cleaned the window. 他把窗户擦干净了。(动作已完成) 2)He has been cleaning the window. 他一直在擦窗户。(动作不一定完成),四.现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别,4.有些静态动词只能用于现在完成时，一般不能用于现在 完成进行时。 eg. 1)I have known him for
7、 many years. 我认识他有许多年了。 2)The war has lasted for a long time. 这场战争持续了很长时间。,四.现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别,5.现在完成时与现在完成进行时的相通性：在表达一个从过 去开始而现在仍在继续或刚刚结束的动作时，某些动词既 可以用现在完成时，也可以用现在完成进行时，意思差别 不大。如expect, hope, learn, lie, live, look, rain, sleep, sit, snow, stand, stay, study, teach, wait, want, work等。 eg. 1)Ive live
8、d / been living here for 30 years. 我在这儿住了30年了。 2)How long have you worked / been working here? 你在这里工作多久了?,四.现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别,巩固练习 单项填空,1.Tom _ in the library every night over the last three months. A. works B. worked C. has been working D. had been working C。over the last three months 的意思是“在过去的三个月 期
9、间”，这类时间状语通常通常与现在完成时或现在完成进行时 连用，四个选项中只有C符合此要求。,has been working,巩固练习 单项填空,2.Now that she is out of a job, Lucy _ going back to school, but she hasnt decided yet. A. had considered B. has been considering C. considered D. is going to consider B。根据but she hasnt decided yet (尚未决定) 可知，从 开始失业时起一直在考虑再去上学，现
10、在还在考虑。表示从过去 某一时刻开始一直到现在，并且现在依然在发生的动作，用现在 完成进行时，现在完成进行时由“have/has been doing”构成，所 以选B。,has been considering,巩固练习 单项填空,3.I have got a headache. No wonder. You _ in front of that computer too long. A. work B. are working C. have been working D. worked C。由于在电脑前工作太久，所以导致了现在头痛的结 果，故空格处应填现在完成时或现在完成进行时，即答案选
11、C。,has been working,巩固练习 单项填空,4.Im sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final. I think so. He _ for it for months. A. is preparing B. was preparing C. had been preparing D. has been preparing D。根据句中的will win the first prize in the final可 知，决赛还没有举行，所以下文谈到的“准备”指的肯定是从过 去一直持续到现在的情况，故用现在完成进行时。,has been preparing,THANKS,