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1、定语从句,一、定语从句的引导词,【温馨提示】 1.如何选择关系代词与关系副词 方法一：用关系代词还是关系副词取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须用关系代词；而不及物动词则用关系副词。 方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主语、宾语、状语)，也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。 2定语从句中的谓语动词与先行词保持一致 (1)one of复数名词关系代词复数动词 (2)the only one of复数名词关系代词单数动词,二、关系代词的用法区别及“介词关系代词”,1(2010全国I卷)As a child，Jack studied in a village school，_is
2、 named after his grandfather. Awhich Bwhere Cwhat Dthat 【解析】 句意：小时候，杰克在一所乡村学校读书，那所学校是以他祖父的名字命名的。先行词是a village school，代入定语从句后为“The village school is named after his grandfather.”，由此可见先行词在定语从句中作主语，且该从句为非限制性定语从句，故用which引导。 【答案】 A,2(2010山东高考)Thats the new machine _parts are too small to be seen. Athat B
3、which Cwhose Dwhat 【解析】 句意：那就是那台零部件小得看不见的新机器。分析句子成分可知空格后部分是定语从句，关系词在从句中作定语，因而使用whose。 【答案】 C,3(2010上海高考)Wind power is an ancient source of energy_ we may return in the near future. Aon which Bby which Cto which Dfrom which 【解析】 句意：风力是很古老的一种能源，不久的将来我们也许会再利用它。return to“重新利用”，属于固定搭配，故排除含有介词on，by和from的A
4、、B、D项。 【答案】 C,4(2010北京高考)Children who are not active or_ diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly. Awhat Bwhose Cwhich Dthat 【解析】 句意：一些不是很活跃，或者他们的饮食中脂肪含量太高的孩子会很快长胖。先行词为children，or连接两个并列的定语从句，第一个定语从句的引导词为who，第二个引导词为考查点，先行词children在第二个定语从句中与从句中的主语diet形成所属关系：childrens diet，故选B项。 【答案】 B,5(2010陕西高考)T
5、he old temple _roof was damaged in a storm is now under repair. Awhere Bwhich Cits Dwhose 【解析】 句意：那座在暴风雨中屋顶受损的古庙现在正在修复当中。此句先行词是the old temple，代入定语从句后为：The old temples roof was damaged in a storm.由此可知先行词在定语从句中作定语，故用关系代词whose引导。 【答案】 D,6(2010江西高考)The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training
6、 centre with her sister _she would stay for an hour. Awhere Bwho Cwhich Dwhat 【解析】 句意：这个女孩准备在培训中心和她姐姐一起上钢琴课，在那里她将待一小时。先行词为the training centre，从句中缺少地点状语，故选where。 【答案】 A,7(2010福建高考)Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet _life has developed gradually. Athat Bwhere Cwh
7、ich Dwhose 【解析】 句意：史蒂芬霍金认为，地球可能不是唯一有生命进化的行星。where在此引导定语从句，在从句中作状语，相当于on the planet。 【答案】 B,8(2010浙江高考)The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people，many of _left their village homes for a better life in the city. Awhom Bwhich Cthem Dthose 【解析】 句意：近千人在这一个小社区居住，他们当中很多都是从农村老家来城市寻求更好的日子的。先行词为1,000 peopl
8、e，代入定语从句为many of 1,000 people left their village homes for a better life in the city，关系代词在从句中作介词of的宾语且指人，故用whom。 【答案】 A,9(2010重庆高考)In China，the number of cities is increasing _development is recognized across the world. Awhere Bwhich Cwhose Dthat 【解析】 句意：在中国，城市的数量在快速地增加，其发展被世界所公认。先行词为cities，代入定语从句后为
9、：The cities development is recognized across the world.由此可见，先行词在定语从句中作定语，故用whose。 【答案】 C,10(2010江苏高考)The newlybuilt cafe，the walls of_ are painted light green，is really a peaceful place for us，especially after hard work. Athat Bit Cwhat Dwhich 【解析】 句意：这家新建的墙体被涂成浅绿色的咖啡厅对我们而言确实是个安静场所，尤其是在辛苦工作之后。先行词为th
10、e newlybuilt cafe，代入定语从句为the walls of the newlybuilt cafe are painted light green，因为关系代词在从句中作介词的宾语且指物，故用which。 【答案】 D,11(2010湖南高考)Ive become good friends with several of the students in my school _I met in the English speech contest last year. Awho Bwhere Cwhen Dwhich 【解析】 句意：我已经成为去年在英语演讲比赛中所遇到的我校几位
11、学生的好朋友。先行词为several of the students，代入定语从句后为：I met several of the students in the English speech contest last year.由此可见先行词在定语从句中作宾语，先行词指人，故用who/whom/that引导。 【答案】 A,12(2010全国卷)I refuse to accept the blame for something_ was someone elses fault. Awho Bthat Cas Dwhat 【解析】 句意：我拒绝接受因为别人的错误而遭受的责备。先行词在从句中作主
12、语，指物，而且为不定代词something，关系词只能用that。 【答案】 B,13(2010四川高考)After graduating from college，I took some time off to go travelling，_turned out to be a wise decision. Athat Bwhich Cwhen Dwhere 【解析】 句意：大学毕业之后，我休息了一段时间去旅游，结果证明这是一个明智的决定。分析句子结构可知第二个逗号后是非限制性定语从句，排除A项；定语从句缺主语，排除C、D两项，先行词是逗号前的整个句子，所以B为正确答案。 【答案】 B,14
13、(2010山东潍坊)Australia is one of the few countries，_ people drive on the left. Awhich Bwhen Cwhere Dthat 【解析】 这是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词Australia和定语从句where people drive on the left被主句的系动词和表语分隔开了。因为先行词表示地点，所以关系副词使用where。 【答案】 C,15(2010山东青岛)The fact is that it gets to the point _ communication is impossible. Awhere Bwhat Cwhen Dwhich 【解析】 point 为先行词，where为关系副词，在定语从句中作状语。句意：事实是到了一个无法交流的地步了。 【答案】 A,