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1、,人教修订版 高中一年级(下) Unit 14,Festivals,Unit 14,Spring Festival,The most important holiday in China is Spring Festival, also known as the Chinese New Year. To the Chinese people it is as important as Christmas to people in the West. To the ordinary Chinese, the festival actually begins on the eve of the l
2、unar New Years Day and ends on the fifth day of the first month of the lunar calendar. But the 15th of the first month, which normally is called the Lantern Festival, means the official end of the Spring Festival.,Preparations for the New Year begin the last few days of the last moon, when houses ar
3、e thoroughly cleaned, debts repaid, hair cut and new clothes purchased. Houses are festooned(给饰花彩) with paper scrolls bearing auspicious(吉祥的) antithetical(对偶的) couplet and in many homes, people burn incense at home and in the temples to pay respects to ancestors and ask the gods for good health in t
4、he coming year.,On New Years Eve, all the members of families come together to feast. At midnight at the turn of the old and new year, people used to let off fire-crackers which serve to drive away the evil spirits and to greet the arrival of the new year. On New Years day, people dress up in their
5、best or ancient costumes to visit relatives and friends or go on or watch parades in the streets. Children receive red packets decorated with gold symbols and filled with “lucky money”.,Festivals,Chinese Festivals Lantern Festival The Dragon Boat Festival Tomb Sweeping Day Mid-Autumn Day New Years D
6、ay Double-ninth National Day May 1st,Foreign Festivals Christmas Day Thanksgiving Day Mothers Day April Fools Day Valentines Day Easter,Pumpkin head,Halloween Masks,The night of October 31st, when it was believed that the spirits of dead people appeared, and which is now celebrated in the US by chil
7、dren, who dress as witches and ghosts.,Halloween,Obon,in Japan,Obon,A traditional Buddhist festival which takes place throughout Japan around August 15. At this time, people visit their ancestors graves, welcome the ancestors spirits home with food and offerings and then see the spirits off. In this
8、 picture we can see some Japanese women are floating paper lanterns to welcome their past ancestors back home.,The Day of the Dead,In Mexico,The Day of the Dead in Mexico,The best way to describe this Mexican holiday is to say that it is a time when Mexican families remember their dead, and the cont
9、inuity of life. The celebration usually begins as early as October 18 and continues until November 9. In this picture, we can see a lady is visiting the resting place of the dead. She has lit some candles and is now placing a bunch of flowers in front of the monument to show her respect for and memo
10、ry of the dead.,Compare a Chinese festival with a foreign one,Name When Who How Why Themes How old,Tomb Sweeping Day April 5th All Chinese around the world Visit their family graves, pull weeds, sweep away dirt and set off offerings of food and spirit money To honor past ancestors, celebrate the reb
11、irth of nature, marking the beginning of the planting season and other outdoor activities Family, nature From the Spring and Autumn Period,Compare a Chinese festival with a foreign one,Name When Who How Why Themes How old,Halloween October 31 Americans Hold fancy balls, dress up in all manner of gho
12、ulish costumes; noisily parade around the neighborhood To keep the living body away from being possessed by spirits of all those who died throughout the preceding year Superstition, safety, religion From the 1840s,Listening,Summary of the festival,Mardi Gras A horn player in the Mardi Gras. In New O
13、rleans, USA, Mardi Gras is celebrated with parades and marching bands playing jazz music. Mardi Gras, or Shrove Tuesday, is the last day before Lent, a period of fasting.,People celebrate Mardi Gras by dressing up in costumes,dress up 穿上正装,打扮 You dont need to for this dinner. I dont want to go to th
14、eir wedding because I hate dressing up. dress up in 穿服装打扮 I just love the fun of dressing up in ancient clothing. dress up as 打扮成 The little girl dressed herself up as an angle. be dressed in 穿 She is always dressed in white.,Summary of the festival,Ramadan is a time of fasting. During this month, M
15、uslims may not eat food during daylight hours. Ramadan is an important month for Muslims.,Ramadan,Summary of the festival,Easter A Christian holy day in March or April when Christians remember the death of Christ and his return to life.,Speaking,Sample discussion :,I think that the new holiday shoul
16、d be a Peace Day. On this day, no fighting or conflicts are allowed. People learn and talk about peace. The holiday will be celebrated on the second Sunday in January. I think this is the best idea because nothing is more important than peace.,B: I think we should create a Happiness Day instead. If
17、people are happy, there wont be any wars or fights. We should celebrate Happiness Day on the shortest, darkest day of the winter, because many people feel unhappy when its cold and the sun doesnt shine. People will celebrate by doing something that makes another person happy, for example helping the
18、m do something or giving them a card or a small gift. Most important, people should smile and laugh a lot on Happiness Day.,C: I like your ideas, but I would like to suggest something different. Why dont we have a Friendship to each other, they will be happy and they wont fight. I think that we shou
19、ld celebrate Friendship Day the first day of every month. If we do this, we will start each month in a friendly way. We can learn about how to make and keep friends and how to solve problems together. People will celebrate Friendship Day by making new friends and spending the day together with their
20、 friends.,D: Well, perhaps we shouldnt be so selfish. Peace, happiness and friendship are important to us, to human beings, but what about the rest of the planet? We mustnt forget about nature, the environment and the animals. On this day, which we will celebrate on the first day of spring, people w
21、ill not pollute and they will learn more about nature. We should also plant trees and do something for our animal friends. I think that we will be happier, friendlier and more peaceful if we learn to take better care of our planet. Why not have a Nature Day?,Talking,Make the best of sth. - to accept
22、 an unsatisfactory situation and do whatever you can to make it less bad (不爱做的事)好好去做,往好里做 We have to the situation. One must learn to a bad job. The girl did not like to wash dishes, but she made the best of it. Make the worst of Dave was now changing over from making the worst of the affair to maki
23、ng the best of it. (在困难情况下)不肯做出努力, 不肯好好干,Sample dialogue:,A: OK, lets begin . We are going on a holiday together and we have to decide where to go and what to do . Let each of us tell the group where we want to go and why . Can you start, please ? B: Yes . I think that the best way to celebrate is t
24、o have dinner at a restaurant and then go singing because we should have some fun. A holiday is a good time to eat together and we all,like singing, so I think this is what we should do. And, if we eat at a restaurant, we dont have to cook or wash dishes. D: I agree that we should have fun, but Im n
25、ot so sure that going to a restaurant is such a good idea. I think we should stay home and invite our friends and family to dinner. We should spend our holiday at home, with the people we love, not go out to some restaurant. Besides, cooking together is fun and we can make,dumplings and help each ot
26、her do the dishes. C: Well, I think we should go on a trip to Mt Taishan and go hiking in the mountain. We dont have that many chances to go on a trip, so I think we should go now. We would get some exercise and some fresh air, and we would see all the wonderful sights. A: But thats too expensive. I
27、 like the idea of spending the holiday outdoors, but we dont have to travel that far. The buses,and trains are going to be crowded, anyway, and we wont be able to enjoy the trip. Why dont we go to the park and have a picnic. If we have a picnic, we can enjoy a good meal and nature at the same time,
28、and we may meet some interesting people. Its not as expensive as traveling or going to a restaurant, and its more fun than staying at home. B: Well, lets see. I want to go to a restaurant, you want to have dinner at home, you want to go on a trip and you want to have a picnic in the park. So, we all
29、 want to eat, right?,Reading,Fast reading,1. What is the text about? The title of the text THE BIRTH OF A FESTIVAL, so we can guess that the text will describe how the festival was created and explain how, why and when it is celebrated. We know that festivals are usually celebrated at a certain time
30、 of the year and that people usually do special things (like giving gifts, lighting candles, eating certain foods, etc), so I can guess that the text will tell us about such things.,2. What is the festival described in the passage ? Kwanzaa. It is a seven-day festival celebrating the culture and his
31、tory of African Americans. 3. How can African Americans have a long history while the country itself is a young one? The British brought slaves from West Africa into the American colonies in the early 17th century, more than a century before those colonies gained their independence from Britain.,Rea
32、d and do the following exercises,1. From the first paragraph, we know Kwanzaa is different from Christmas because _. A. Kwanzaa is younger and less known B. Kwanzaa has a longer history C. Kwanzaa comes after Christmas Day D. Kwanzaa is celebrated only in Africa 2. “They chose the word because there
33、 are ” (para.2) The underlined part refers to _ A. Kwanzaa B. a festival C. Swahili D. a language,3. In African first-fruit festivals, people used to do the following except _ A. give thanks B. harvest their crops C. try to be with their family D. celebrate their history and culture. 4. According to
34、 the seven principles mention-ed in the text, people should not _. A. be independent B. respect their ancestors C. change any of the old traditions D. help to develop their own industry,5. Why did people choose to celebrate Kwanzaa between Christmas and New Years Day? A. Its just a coincidence (巧合)
35、B. Because they didnt celebrate Christmas. C. Because people wanted to make it free from business. D. Because they wanted to combine the three holidays into a longer festival,6. “ in that way we keep our culture alive” (the last paragraph). What does the underlined part refer to? A. to create a new
36、festival B. to celebrate history and culture C. to create new festivals every year D. to celebrate a festival and change it a bit,Read again and do Exx(BD, P11),1. Why did people create Kwanzaa? People created the holiday so African Americans could celebrate their history and culture. 2. Many festiv
37、als around the world are celebrated around the same time. Why do we celebrate these festivals at these times? Many holidays celebrate the arrival of a new season or a new harvest.,3. Compare Kwanzaa with the Chinese Spring Festival and Christmas. In which way are they similar and in which way are th
38、ey different? All three reunite families. Christmas and Kwanzaa also bring together friends and members of the community. Spring Festival is tied to the lunar calendar while Christmas and Kwanzaa are fixed dates. Christmas is both a religious and popular celebration while Kwanzaa also honors a speci
39、fic group of people.,Main idea of each paragraph,Para.1 Kwanzaa is a festival of reflection and anticipation for African Americans. Para.2 Kwanzaa is a young holiday. In a popular African language, it means first fruit and celebrates the new year.,Para. 3 The festival is based on seven important pri
40、nciples, or ideas. Para. 4 When and how is the festival celebrated. (From Dec.26 to Jan.1st. People celebrate it by lighting a candle each day and discussing one of the seven principles.) Para. 5 Festivals not only celebrate history but also add to our cultural traditions for future generations.,Kwa
41、nzaa,Most harvest festivals are_. Kwanzaa is a new one _ ancient traditions. This seven-day festival was _ in the 1960s by _ in the _ _. Kwanzaa _ the years harvest in Africa. Fruit, vegetables, and corn cobs are placed on a special mat. This is a time for the African-American family to learn about
42、the _ of their African _ and about their _ and _. _ , black, green, and red, are lit during the Kwanzaa festival,ancient.,honoring,started,African Americans,United,States,celebrates,traditions,ancestors,languages,ways of life,Seven candles,Language Points:,1. Kwanzaa is a seven-day festival celebrat
43、ing the culture and history of African Americans. 1) seven-day (compound adj.) the tenth five-year plan a three-leg table 2) celebrating = which celebrates Similar structure: the week following Christmas Day,2. The African first-fruit festivals had many things in common: If two or more things have s
44、omething in common, they have the same characteristic or feature. If two or more people have something in common, they share the same interests or experiences. To my surprise, I found I had a lot in common with this stranger. Their methods have a lot in common (with each other).,3. People would get
45、together to celebrate their harvest; people used to give thanks for their harvest and for life, Would & used to Would 情态动词、 “过去常常”, 与used to 意义相近，所不同的是would后一般跟动态性动词，而used to还可跟状态性动词。 He would come to my home for help when he had any trouble. (= He used to come ) But: He used to be a worker. He woul
46、d be a worker.,4. The festivals were a way to celebrate history and culture, as well as the new year. Note - No articles are used before history and culture 一般说, 表示概念性或科学性的抽象名词前不用冠词. 但如果带有限制性的后置修饰成分,应该使用定冠词. American history The history of America,5. as well as The structure is used when we want to
47、mention another item connected with the subject we are discussing. She published historical novels, a non-fiction study of women in Britain. It is in his best interests yours. Wearing the right shoes and clothes being fit can make all the difference.,6. We must do as much as we can to make our commu
48、nity better and more beautiful. as as one can(=asas possible) 尽某人所能 He will drive as carefully as he can to avoid any accidents. He ran as fast as he could in the race and finally got the 2nd place. Will you please be back as soon as possible so that you will have more time to exchange views with th
49、e experts?,7. Since Kwanzaa is a time for learning as well as joy, people celebrate it by lighting a candle each day and discussing one of Light lit; lighted Lighted is used especially as an attributive adj. e.g. a lighted candle/lamp/match But: He lit the candle. The candles were lit.,As soon as the _ candle was brought in, it soon _ up the little room. A. lighte