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1、非谓语动词概述,1. 非谓语动词有哪些？,1）不定式 to do 2）动名词 doing 3）分词 doing/done,2.非谓语动词能做什么成分？,说明：to do 相当于名词，形容词或副词 A: doing 相当于名词 doing / done 相当于形容词，副词 B: 四个表格后面有说明,表(4),Example: (不定式) To err is human; to forgive is divine. Its not an easy thing to master a language. 4. I cant afford to buy a car. 5. Disneys wish w
2、as to become an artist. 6. Do you have anything more to say? 7. To achieve this aim, we must learn from other countries. 8. I am sorry to hear that. 9. He left, never to return. 10. They hurried home, only to find it empty.,主语,主语,宾语（表1）,表语,定语,目的状语,原因状语,结果状语,Example 1. Writing an English composition
3、is not easy. 2. Its useless taking this kind of medicine. 3. The story he told us was very interesting. 4. I suggested asking his brother for some money. 5. She is interested in doing chemical experiments. 6. The baby watched his dad shaving his face with great interest. 7. This is a new washing mac
4、hine. 8. The man talking with my father is Mr. Wang.,主语,主语,宾语,介宾,宾补,定语,定语,表语,Example: They came into the room, laughing and talking. 2. When she came back, mother found the glass broken. 3. Having been there many times, he offered to be our guide. 4. The building being repaired is our library. 5. Al
5、l the compositions (having been) written and collected, the teacher sent the students home.,伴随状语,宾补,原因状语,定语,(独立主格结构，时间状语),II. 记住下面三个表格： 表： 下面的动词常常接to do做宾语 agree; ask; afford; attempt; choose; decide; determine;demand; expect; hope; learn; manage; offer; pretend; promise; remain;refuse; want; wish,表
6、2： 下面的动词常常接doing 做宾语 advise; admit; avoid(避免); appreciate; cant help; consider; delay; deny(否认); enjoy; escape; excuse; finish;forgive; fancy(想不到); imagine; keep; mind; miss; put off; postpone; pardon; practise; suggest; understand;,表3： 下面的v.常常接to do 做宾补， 类似 tell sb. to do sth. ask; advise; allow; b
7、eg; cause; encourage; enable; expect; forbid; force; invite; inspire; mean; order; persuade; permit; promise(主补); require; set; trust; teach; tell; want; warn;,表4： 下面的v.常常接doing/done 做宾补， keep; find; see; watch; feel; leave; catch; stop; prevent; get; have,注意事项： I. 主语：to do sth. 将来；一次；具体 doing sth.
8、一般；一贯；抽象 e.g. Teaching is my job. To go to college is his dream. *一般用it做形式主语放在句首，不定式 做逻辑主语。在It is no good/no use/ 后面，一般用动名词做主语。 e.g. Its dangerous to swim in this river. Its no good crying over spilt milk. Its important to learn English grammar.,II. 宾语：注意下面的动词接 to do 和 doing 所 表达的不同含义。 *forget to do
9、: 没有做 remember doing: 做过 * try to do: 试图做；努力做 try doing: 试着做；试一试 * mean to do: 意图；有意做 mean doing: 意味着 * stop to do: 停下来去做（另一件事） stop doing: 停止做 * go on to do：继续做（另一件事） go on doing: 继续做（同一件事）,* regret doing: 后悔； 惋惜 regret to say/ to tell you: 遗憾地说/告诉,动名词注意事项,背熟表2的单词,2. 主动表示被动,need; want; require(需要);
10、 be worth（值得）+ doing,e.g. The book is well worth _ (read)a second time.,My computer is broken. It needs _(repair).= It needs to be repaired.,reading,repairing,3.下列带to 的短语,是介词，后面要求 跟sth. /doing sth. stick to turn to be used to see to be reduced to object to be opposed to lead to,坚持 求助于 习惯于 照料；处理 沦为；降
11、为 反对 反对 导致,contribute to get down to devote oneself to be equal to look forward to pay attention to in addition to,导致；做贡献 着手做 献身于 胜任 盼望 注意 除了，还有,e.g. She is equal to performing her duty. Students look forward to going home.,3. 非谓语动词有时态变化吗？,答：YES,1）不定式的变化如下：,to do to be doing to have done to be done
12、to have been done to have been doing,将来/一般+主动,进行+主动,完成+主动,将来/一般+被动,完成+被动,完成+主动+进行,Example: Her greatest wish is (读大学). The boy pretended _ (睡觉） when his mother came in. 3. Japan is reported _ (袭击) by another earthquake. 4. The buildings burnt down in the fire remain _(重建). 5. Dr. Baker seems _a lot
13、(旅游)around China. 6. North Korea is reported to _ _(一直在生产) nuclear weapons.,to go to college,to be sleeping,to have been struck,to be rebuilt,to have traveled,have been producing,2) 动名词的变化如下：,doing being done having done having been done,主动,被动,完成,完成+被动 （少用）,Example: He took a great delight in h othe
14、rs. I regret (没听从)her advice. On r home, he found his mother seriously ill. 4. by the host added to his uneasiness.（他被忽视） 5. This problem is far from . (解决) 6. I dont remember having ever been given a chance to try this method.(少用),not taking,His being neglected,being settled,elping,eturning,3）分词的时态
15、变化：,done doing having done being done having been done,完成+被动,进行+主动,完成+主动,进行+被动,完成+被动,（定语，补语，状语）,（状语）,1. A number of cars _(属于) the people in the building were destroyed. 2. On a _(freeze) morning, the little match girl was found _ in the street. 3. _(not receive) a reply, he wrote again. 4. The conf
16、erence _(hold) now in Zhuhai is an international conference. 5. The spaceship _(launch) next week is the first manned spaceship in China. 6. The boy rushed out to play, _(leave) some of his homework _(unfinish),belonging to,freezing,frozen,Not having received,being held,to be launched,leaving,unfini
17、shed,什么叫非谓语动词的复合结构？,答：带有逻辑主语的非谓语动词，具体 情况如下：,不定式：for sb. to do sth. of sb. (kind, foolish, lovely),动名词：my doing me doing,句首要用所有格； 名词多用宾格,分 词：I doing/done,用主格，称为独立主格结构，做状语。,e.g. Do you mind _(我) opening the window? 2. _(他)refusing to come added to our difficulty. How about the two of us _(take)a walk
18、? Its so foolish _(我)to believe such a man. It is too early for there _(有)anyone there. The soldier lay there, his leg _(流血). The soldier lay there and his leg _. There _(有)no bus, we had to take a taxi. Since there _no bus, we had to take a taxi. We sat outside the operating room, she _ (哭)and I_ (
19、安慰)her.,my/me,His,taking,of me,to be,bleeding,was bleeding,being,was,crying,comforting,9. The electricity _(切断), we couldnt watch TV. As the electricity _ , we couldnt 10. Who could have imagined such a sweet girl as Alice _(do) such a cruel thing?,was cut off,doing,cut off,改 错,1. It took her two ho
20、urs finishing her homework.,It took her two hours to finish her homework.,2. Can you imagine Peter to sail across the Atlantic Ocean all by himself?,Peter sailing,3. Go on doing the other exercise after you have finished this one.,Go on to do,4. There was terrible noise followed the sudden burst of
21、light.,following,5. Id like to have this package to be weighed, Madam.,package weighed,6. The murderer was brought in , with his hands being tied behind.,hands tied behind,7. I would appreciate you to call me back this afternoon.,you calling,8. Galileo is considered to invent the first telescope.,to
22、 have invented,9. I must apologize for not to let you know it earlier.,not letting you know,10. Losing in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.,Lost in thought,11European football is played in 80 countries, makes it a most popular sport.,making it,12. Robert is said to study abroad, b
23、ut I dont know what country she studied in.,to have studied,13. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, not making it more difficult.,not to make it,14. I have worked with children before, so I know what expecting in my new job.,what to expect,15. Suffered such heavy pollution alread
24、y, it May now be too late to clean up the river.,Having suffered,16. She looks forward every spring to walk in the flower-lined garden.,to walking,17. The boy spends as much time as he can to play computer games.,he can playing,18. While shopping, people cant help persuading into buying things.,bein
25、g persuaded,19. She cant help doing the housework , for she was busy making a cake.,(to) do,20. A computer only does what thinking people have it done.,have it do,21. The lady bought a gift for her daughter with the remained 20 dollars.,remaining,22. It was founded in 1636, Harvard is a famous university.,founded,Toronto: CN Tower,