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1、优秀精品课件文档资料,How to Become A Good Speaker,Kai-Fu Lee Corporate Vice President Microsoft Corporation,Why Be a Good Speaker?,“The man who can think and does not know how to express what he thinks is at the level of him who cannot think.” Pericles Not just “presentation”, but also “persuasion” Get people
2、s “mindshare” Influence a friend, colleague, or boss Tell people what you did, and why it matters,What Youll Learn Today:,First Topic: Learn Speaking Skills,“Without effective delivery, a speech of the highest mental capacity can be held in no esteem. With effective delivery, even one with moderate
3、abilities may surpass those of the highest talent.” Cicero,Speaking Skills Are Important,What Are Speaking Skills?,Verbal (words spoken) Vocal (tone, range, appeal, credibility of voice) Visual (physical appearance, gestures, eye contact),7% 38% 55%,Delivery Skills,Most Important: Enthusiasm,“There
4、is just one sure cure for bad speeches Get truly excited on the subject, and 99 percent of the faults of your speaking will disappear.” Robert Montgomery Dont accept a talk without enthusiasm Could be from interest, experience, environment Example: Martin Luther King I have a dream that one day this
5、 nation will rise up; live out the true meaning to its creed. We hold these truths to be self-evident that all men are created equal. Not how loud, but how sincere,Verbal Skills Be Simple & Clear,Be simple and clear! Dont ramble Stop to think if you need to Example one: Dan Quayle celebrates democra
6、cy Example two: Dan Quayle trying to say “A mind is a terrible thing to waste”,Verbal Skills Use simple words,Speaking is not like writing! Use simple words Dont use complex sentences Can you understand this: Text: The development of this frightful means of destruction was ardently demanded by the p
7、erils of the time and situation. Simultaneously, however, a new paradoxical situation has been. is upon us continually. One cannot defend oneself effectively any more. - Albert Einstein,Vocal Skills : Play your voice,Project ask what you can do for your country.” - John F. Kennedy “I welcome this ki
8、nd of examination, because people have to know whether their president is a crook. Well, Im not a crook.” - Richard M. Nixon Dont overdo it!,Vocal+Verbal : Words+Intonation,John Kennedy: “You need to contribute to your country” “Ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your
9、country”. Quayle vs. Benson Debate: Quayle: “I have as much experience in the Congress as Jack Kennedy did when he sought the presidency.“ Answer 1: “Jack Kennedy is better than you.” Answer 2: “Senator, I served with Jack Kennedy. I knew Jack Kennedy. Jack Kennedy was a friend of mine. Senator, you
10、re no Jack Kennedy.“,Visual Skills,US Election 1960 was won on visual skills Components of Visual Skills: Eyes Body Hands Face,Visual Skills Eyes,Look forward at audience (trust) Dont shift eyeballs; dont look in corner Dont look too much at computer screen or notes Look at peoples faces (not eyes)
11、3-6 seconds per person Shift randomly Nod, smile, use facial expression,Visual Skills Body,Stand up when talking Walk around = informal Dont: Rock, shake Lean too much,Visual Skills Hands,Gesture complements talk Should come naturally, without thinking Make sure they match! Need to exaggerate a litt
12、le Especially with large audience Dont fidget or put in pocket Videotape whole talk & watch Can improve hand gesturing!,Visual Skills Face,Show emotion! Most of the time: “I care a lot about this.” “I really believe in this.” “I love my work.” Sometimes (in response to questions). “This is the most
13、outrageous thing Ive ever heard.” “I will have nothing to do with this.”,Next Topic: Develop the talk,The Key Point: the Goal of the Talk,The ONE clear walk-away message. The answer to the question: “How was the talk?” The one thing people remember in 3 months,The Origin Point (Where the audience wa
14、s),The Key Point (Where you took them),Persuasion,Must Have Audience Benefit,Put audience needs at heart “Whats in it for you?” Has to be their reason, not yours Must consider feeling, not just reaction Must have right “you” Good phrases to know: “This is important to you because” “Why am I telling
15、you this? Because” “What does this mean for you? Let me tell you” Know your audience Experience, knowledge, attitude,Next Topic:,Organizing the Story,Youre the salesman First lesson for salesmen:,Tell them what youre going to say,Say it,Tell them what you said,Opening,Body,Ending,The Opening,You nev
16、er get a second chance to make a first impression Jerry Weissman The opening A question Factoid Anecdote Quotation Analogy Joke (make it relevant!) Customize the opening Lead to the Key Point Give a (very short) outline/overview,The Body,Brainstorming into data dump Connect the ideas into “main them
17、es” Connect the teams using one logic flow,Ready to write the slides?,DONT!,Data Dump,& Main Themes,The Flow,Possible flows: Convincing logic & order Smooth transitions Keep repeating the Key Point!,(See “Presenting to Win” by Jerry Weissman for more examples),The Ending,End with a BANG! “Tonight, w
18、e are a country awakened to danger and called to defend freedom. Our grief has turned to anger, and anger to resolution. Whether we bring our enemies to justice or bring justice to our enemies, justice will be served.” George W. Bush Repeat the Key Point “If you remember only one thing from this tal
19、k, then you should remember XXX” Say thank you,Review of Organizing Your Story,Opening Key Point,Closing Key Point,Body (Repeat Key Point),Tell them what youre going to say,Say it,Tell them what you said,Next Topic:,Design Graphics,PowerPoint only supports your talk Spend more time on organization &
20、 delivery! Design principles Keep it simple Apply psychology Make it easy to follow Make it attractive Your titles should tell your story,Why “Keep It Simple”?,Aim to develop a consistent style, using the standard stylesheet whenever possible. One concept per slide. The font that is being used shoul
21、d be very large 24 point or larger. I will now use smaller fonts to prove to you that it is a major strain to your eyes to read small fonts. The color of the font and the background should be in sharp contrast. If one is light, then the other should be dark. Otherwise it will be very hard to read. T
22、he use of bullets should be simple. Too many bullets distracts the user from listening to you. 3 big sub-ideas (or bullets) is the most you should have. The entire slide should have fewer than 8 bullets and sub-bullets. I will add a few more bullets to show this is not a good idea And one more And o
23、ne more Keep the language used simple, so that the user doesnt have to “think” to understand your point. Each bullet should fit in one line, because the idea of a bullet is to convey idea, headline, and server as a reminder (or cue) for you to describe and amplify. Parallel wording means the bullets
24、 are roughly parallel, and contain similar grammatical constructs. This can save the user a lot of time trying to “understand” what you said.,Keep It Simple,Consistent look One concept per slide Readable 20 point Avoid abbreviation Use shadow outline fonts Contrast font & background Dont leave too m
25、uch blank space,Keep It Simple : Bullets,Headline, not sentence Reminder for you Concise 4 top-level bullets 10 total bullets & sub-bullets Simple language One line per bullet Parallel wording,Whats wrong with this?,A good speech Clear point Understands what audience wants Organization based on logi
26、c Powerful opening Ending that people remember,Instead, do this.,A good speech Clear point Appealing audience benefit Logical flow Powerful opening Strong close,Apply Psychology to Design,Dont fight natural eye movements Move left to right Return to upper left corner Sweep to lower right corner Subl
27、iminal hints Graphics to match your key point Anticipation,Apply Psychology to Design,Dont fight natural eye movements Move left to right Return to upper left corner Sweep to lower right corner Subliminal hints Graphics to match your key point Anticipation Avoid bad signs,Whats Wrong With This?,Grea
28、t financial results - Revenue reached $1,000,000 - Growth passed 20% - Profit exceeded $200,000,Instead, do this,Great financial results Revenue reached $1,000,000 Growth passed 20% Profit exceeded $200,000,Whats Wrong With This?,Revenue,Instead, do this,Revenue,Make it Easy to Follow,Use outline Hi
29、ghlight upcoming section Use builds Remind where you are General goal: Dont make the audience think (Other than what youre saying),Make It Attractive,20 hours on preparation 10 hours on practice Why not spend 1 hour on attractive design?,Instead of doing this,Cost Satisfaction Productivity Revenue,P
30、roductivity,Satisfaction,Cost,Revenue,Why not do this,Instead of doing this,Bill Gates Brilliant Technologist Steve Ballmer Powerful Salesman Steve Jobs Passionate Evangelist Lou Gerstner Logical Businessman,Why not do this,Your Titles Should Tell the Story,“The man who can think and does not know h
31、ow to express what he thinks is at the level of him who cannot think.” Pericles Not just “presentation”, but “persuasion” Influence a friend, colleague, or boss. Tell people what you did, and why it matters. Get peoples “mindshare”.,Next Topic:,Rehearsing Your Content,Prepare, prepare, prepare Custo
32、mize the talk Within-talk references Repeat key point Repeat main themes Repeat your company (university) name Practice to use same word(s) per concept Practice transitions between slides,Rehearsing Your Delivery,Record & listen to every talk at least twice! Best : PowerPoint features OK : Tape reco
33、rder Get the timing right Running out of time is a disaster Practice to an audience or record video Ask experienced speaker to critique Record video for critique,Next Topic:,Delivering the Talk,Confidence & passion Overcoming language barrier Overcoming nervousness Humor Audience participation Be yo
34、urself,Confidence & Passion,Make sure youre not too tired: Get enough sleep the previous night Drink (up to) 3 cups of coffee! No milk Stand on left side of screen,Confidence & Passion,Make sure youre not too tired: Get enough sleep the previous night Drink (up to) 3 cups of coffee! No milk Stand on
35、 left side of screen During your talk, do not apologize “Sorry Im behind on time” “Sorry this slide is so hard to read”,Overcoming Language Barrier,Know your limitations Dont use fancy words, complex sentences Dont take any chance of looking silly Prepare an outline/script Rehearse before the talk D
36、ont have to use it Not OK to read your bullets But OK to read or memorize your speech Practice still required Proper vocal & visual skills still required,Overcoming Nervousness,“Do the thing you fear and the death of fear is certain.” - Ralph Waldo Emerson,It is possible to hide nervousness! Dont le
37、t the shaking show! Make a fist; hold the lectern Speak loudly Take a deep breath Dont have to look at audiences eyes Look at a friendly face Look above peoples heads,Humor,Good humor: Relevant Respectful Short How to tell a joke? Prepare audience Pause after “punch line” Move on naturally if no rea
38、ction! Plan your humor: Remember what worked Use it again!,Audience Participation,Ask audience a question Anticipate their answer(s)! Respond with something interesting AND relevant Also OK to ask before talk & include in talk,“I hear and I forget; I see and I remember; I do and I understand.”,Be Yo
39、urself,Dont copy others styles Many styles could be effective You must be yourself to be credible Adapt your style, but stay within “comfort zone”,Last Topic:,Q&A: Opportunity to Amplify,Q&A is your last chance to: Amplify your points (particularly the Key Point) Increase your credibility If people
40、are too shy, you start! Hard questions No need to answer directly But dont hide! Narrow questions Take offline,Q&A Giving A Good Answer,Respect the listener Dont argue or dismiss a question Right body language Answer to the entire audience Repeat the question Complete if people cannot hear Paraphrase to help amplify your point,Conclusion,Anyone can become a good speaker; It just takes : a little skill, and a lot of practice!,Use of Demos / Multimedia,Keeps the talk interesting Dont overdo it Should be tied to content Ordering : 2,N, N-1, N-2,.3, 1,