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1、共 96 页,1,选修8 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions,共 96 页,2,要 点 梳 理 高效梳理知识备考,共 96 页,3,重点单词,1distinguish vi. & vt.显示的差别；使有所不同；辨别 2merciful adj.宽大的；仁慈的；慈悲的mercy n宽大；仁慈 3product n产品 4abrupt adj.突然的；意外的abruptly adv.突然地，唐突地,共 96 页,4,5convenient adj.便利的，方便的，就近的convenience n方便，便利conveniently adv.便利地，方便地 6caution
2、 n小心，谨慎cautious adj.小心的，谨慎的cautiously adv.小心地，谨慎地 7passive adj.被动的；消极的；被动语态的,共 96 页,5,8seize vt.抓住；捉住；夺 9file n文件；档案；文件夹 vt.提交；将归档 10freezing adj.冰冻的；严寒的freeze v冰冻 11innocent adj.清白的；无罪的；天真的innocence n天真，清白 12bear vt.忍受；忍耐；负担 13tap vt.轻打；轻拍；轻敲 n轻轻地敲击(声)；(水)龙头,共 96 页,6,14current n(水或气)流；电流 adj.现在的；当前
3、的 15stable adj.稳固的；稳定的；安定的 16associate vt.联想；联系 n同伴，伙伴 17practical adj.实际的；实践的；实用的 18competence n能力；胜任；本领,共 96 页,7,重点短语,1call up 给打电话 2now and then 偶尔；有时 3set about 开始；着手 4dive into 迅速把手伸入；一心投入 5set out(to do) 开始(做) 6hang on 不挂断；稍等；紧紧握住,共 96 页,8,7out of order 次序颠倒；发生故障 8get through 设法联系上(尤指打通电话)； (设
4、法)做完；通过 9ring back 回复电话 10ring off 挂断电话,共 96 页,9,重点句型,1The next morning I got up early before the sun was hot. 第二天早上趁天还不太热，我就早早地起来了。 2But once picked up, they tried to bite me. 但是它们一被捡起来，就试图咬我。,共 96 页,10,3Only after you have had that recognition can you say that you are truly an inventor.只有在你获得了那种认证
5、后，你才能说是一个真正的发明家。 4The criteria are so strict that it is difficult to get new ideas accepted unless they are truly novel.(评定)专利标准是很严格的，除非新的想法真是新颖的，否则很难被接受。,共 96 页,11,5Remember to include one change to your invention in case it doesnt work the first time.记住对你的发明要有变化的余地，以防它第一次不起作用。,共 96 页,12,高考范文 (2007
6、海南，宁夏，全国) 假定你是李华，希望通过外籍教师 Peter找一位英国笔友。请写一封短信，描述一下你理想中笔友的条件，并说明为什么选这样的笔友。具体条件包括： 1年龄； 2.性别； 3.爱好(旅游、运动、养宠物等)。,共 96 页,13,注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头和结尾已为你写好。,共 96 页,14,Dear Peter， I am writing to ask whether you are able to do me a favor. _ Best regards， Li Hua,共 96 页,15,范文 Dear_Peter， I_am_w
7、riting_to_ask_whether_you_are_able_to_do_me_a_favor. I want to have a penfriend, hopefully a girl in her early twenties, and with interests similar to mine. In my mind, she is someone who is interested in traveling, swimming, and,共 96 页,16,playing table tennis. Besides, it would be better for her to
8、 have a pet dog as I have kept one at home for some time. With such a penfriend, I hope I can share with her our experiences in traveling, taking care of pets, or whatever we have in common. And I believe I will improve my English by doing so and learn more about her country. I look forward to heari
9、ng from you soon. Best_regards， Li_Hua,共 96 页,17,考 点 探 究 互动探究能力备考,共 96 页,18,.词汇短语过关 1distinguish vi.&vt. 辨别；显示的差别 distinguished adj. 卓越的，著名的，杰出的 distinguishable adj. 易分辨的，能区分的,共 96 页,19,distinguish between.and.区分/辨别和 distinguish.from. 使有别于，使 具有区别于的特征 distinguish oneself (as.) (作为)表现突出 be distinguish
10、ed by/for 以为特征/著名,共 96 页,20,即学即练1(1)Hes _ himself _ a teacher. 作为老师，他早已负有盛名。 (2)We should _ _ major _ minor work and not put the trivial above the important. 我们的工作要分主次，不能轻重倒置。,distinguished,as,distinguish between,and,共 96 页,21,(3)What was it that _ her _ her classmates? 是什么使得她有别于班上其他同学呢？,distinguish
11、ed,from,共 96 页,22,2convenient adj. 方便的；便利的；附近的 convenience n. 方便，便利 It is convenient for sb. to do sth. 做某事对某人来说 是方便的。 Sth. be convenient to/for sb. 对某人来说是方便的。 at sbs convenience 在某人方便的时候 convenience food 方便食品 convenience store 便利店,共 96 页,23,即学即练2(1)We must _ a convenient time and place _ the meetin
12、g. 我们必须安排一个合适的时间和地点开会。 (2)When would _ you to go? 你什么时候去方便？ (3)The hotel has a restaurant for the guests _. 这家旅馆为方便旅客设有餐厅。,arrange,for,it be convenient for,convenience,共 96 页,24,3seize vt.抓住，捉住；把握(机会等)；夺取某物，占领某地 seize sth.突然抓住 seize an opportunity抓住机会 seize power夺取政权 be seized with被侵扰；患/得(病) seize s
13、b. by the arm抓住某人的手臂,共 96 页,25,即学即练3(1)He _ and shook it heartily. 他拉住她的手高兴地握着。 (2)The enemy _ after a violent attack.敌人猛攻后占领了这个城镇。 (3)He _ going abroad. 他抓住了那次出国的机会。,seized her hand,seized the town,seized the chance of,共 96 页,26,(4)He _ a slight attack of fever. 他有一点发烧。,was seized with,共 96 页,27,4b
14、ear vt. (bore, borne)忍受；忍耐；负担；生育 bear doing/ n/to do忍受 bear sb./sb.s doing忍受某人做某事 bear sb./sth. out证实；为作证 bear with sb./sth.耐心对待；容忍 bear sth. in mind牢记,共 96 页,28,即学即练4(1)I couldnt _ any longer, so I left the room. 我实在听不下去了，就离开了房间。 (2)I cant _ waiting. 我不能忍受长时间的等待。 (3)I doubt if that chair will _. 我怀
15、疑那把椅子能否承受得了你的体重。,bear to listen,bear being kept,bear your weight,共 96 页,29,(4)You must _ that your parents hope to depend on you to become a doctor. 你要记住你的父母指望你成为一名好医生。 (5)She _ three children. 她生了三个孩子。,bear it in mind,has borne,共 96 页,30,(6)Who _ the responsibility/expense? 谁要负担这责任/费用呢？,will bear,共
16、 96 页,31,提示：(1)bear作“忍受”讲时，其后接动名词做宾语，表示习惯性的动作，也可接不定式做宾语，表示某一次具体的动作，且多与can, could及be able to等连用。 (2)borne和born是bear的两个过去分词，表示“出生，出世”时用born，并且仅用于被动语态，表示“生育”时用borne。,共 96 页,32,5associate vt.联想，联系n.同伴，伙伴 accociation n联合；联想；交往；协会；团体 associate sb./sth. with sb./sth. 把和联系在一起；由联想到 be associated with.和有关 ass
17、ociate with sb.与某人交往或常打交道 associate oneself with sth.声称或表示自己赞同某事物 in association with.与合伙/合作,共 96 页,33,即学即练5(1)Ive never _ you _ this place. 我从未把你和这个地方联系在一起。 (2)I wouldnt want to _ Mckeys project. 我不想和麦基的计划有任何瓜葛。 (3)I dont like these layabouts youre _. 我不喜欢你结交的这些游手好闲的人。,associated,with,be associated
18、 with,associating with,共 96 页,34,6call up 召唤；使人想起；提出；打电话 call at 访问(某地) call on/upon 访问(某人) call on sb. to do sth. 号召某人做某事 call back 召回，撤销 call for 需要；要求 call out 大声喊叫 call forth 唤起，引起 call in 召集；收回 call off 取消,共 96 页,35,即学即练6(1)The trip _ of my youth. 旅行勾起了我对年轻时代的美好回忆。 (2)He _ all the information f
19、rom the computer.他从计算机中调出了所有的信息。,called up happy memories,called up,共 96 页,36,(3)He _ just to tell me that he had bought a new DVD. 他打电话就是为了告诉我他买了一台新的DVD。,called me up,共 96 页,37,拓展：与打电话有关的短语： ring/call up 打电话 ring/call back 回复电话 ring off 挂断电话 give sb. a ring 给某人打电话 sb. be wanted on the phone 有某人的电话
20、answer the phone 接电话 hang/hold on 不挂断电话,共 96 页,38,7set about (doing sth.) 开始；着手干某事 set aside 留出，拨出(时间、金钱等)，把置于一旁 set out forset off forleave for 出发到某地去 set out to do 开始做 set down 写下；记下；规定 set off 动身；起程；激起；引起；使爆炸 set up 建立；设置；创建；开办,共 96 页,39,即学即练7(1)You must _ at once.你必须立即开始工作。 (2)Do you know how to
21、 _ on this work？你知道怎样着手进行这项工作吗？ (3)Bell never _ the telephone.(Bell never _ the telephone.) 贝尔从来没打算去发明电话。,set about your work,set about going,set out to invent,set about inventing,共 96 页,40,(4)When are we _ (_) on our trip？我们什么时候动身去旅行？,setting out,setting off,共 96 页,41,8get through 打通(电话)，完成(工作)，通过(
22、考试)；克服(困难) get across 被理解；使人了解 get down to 认真地静下心(工作)(to为介词) get on/along 相处 get out of 避免；摆脱 get over 克服 get in 收获 get around/round 到处走动；传播出去 get away/off 逃脱，离开,共 96 页,42,即学即练8写出下列句子中get through的意思。 (1)I tried several times, but couldnt get through. _ (2)Youll get through this problem. _,打通(电话),克服(
23、困难),共 96 页,43,(3)Ill get through this work by noon. _ (4)We were very glad when we heard that you had got through your exam. _,完成(工作),通过(考试),共 96 页,44,拓展：go through 经历；翻阅；检查 look through 浏览，仔细检查 live through 活过一段时间；经历 put through 把电话接通,共 96 页,45,.重点句型详解,1But once_picked_up,_they tried to bite me. 但是
24、它们一被捡起来，就试图咬我。,共 96 页,46,(1)once作为连接词引导时间状语从句时，后面可接现在分词或过去分词。 Once opened, the museum will be very popular with the citizens. 博物馆一旦开放，肯定会受到市民的欢迎。(表被动) Once talking with him, youll find him an easygoing man. 一旦与他交谈，你就会发现他是一个随和的人。(表主动),共 96 页,47,(2)once 引导的从句中，要用一般时代替将来时。 Once you have grasped English
25、, youll be easy to get a wellpaid job. 一旦你掌握了英语，你就会很容易找到一份报酬很高的工作。(现在完成时代替将来完成时) Once he arrives, we can start.他一到我们就可以开始。(一般现在时代替一般将来时),共 96 页,48,即境活用1 (2007福建) You will be successful in the interview _ you have confidence. Abefore Bonce Cuntil Dthough,答案：B,解析：考查状语从句。once “一旦”引导时间状语从句。before“在以前”；u
26、ntil “直到”；though“虽然”。,共 96 页,49,2Remember to include one change to your invention in_case it doesnt work the first time.记住对你的发明要有变化的余地，以防它第一次不起作用。,共 96 页,50,in case(以防)万一 in case 后可接从句，也可置于句末。 in case of 要是；在时候(后接名词或代词) in this case 如果这样的话 in that case 如果那样的话 in any case 无论如何 in no case 决不(位于句首，句子应使
27、用倒装语序),共 96 页,51,Take your umbrella in case it rains. 拿着你的雨伞以防下雨。 In case I forget, please remind me of my promise. 如果我忘记了我的诺言，请提醒我。 In case of fire, open this safety door. 一旦发生火灾，打开这扇安全门。 In no case may you leave the baby alone at home. 你决不能把孩子一个人留在家里。,共 96 页,52,即境活用2 (2007北京)Leave your key with a
28、neighbor _ you lock yourself out one day. Aever since Beven if Csoon after Din case,答案：D,解析：A项意为“自从以来”，B项意为“即使”，C项意为“不久之后”，D项意为“以防；以免”。句意为“留一把钥匙给邻居，以免有一天你把自己锁在门外”。,共 96 页,53,易 错 点 拨 自我完善误区备考,共 96 页,54,case构成的短语的用法 应用 (1)It is reported that there will be a heavy rain tomorrow, _ the hike would be put
29、 off. Ain any case Bin which case Cin no case Din case,答案：B,解析：该题考查case的相关短语及定语从句，根据前面说“据说明天有大雨”，可知hike在这种情况下要推迟，which引导定语从句，指代整个主句。,共 96 页,55,(2)The first bus has just left and the next bus will come in twenty minutes. _， we will have to wait. AIn this case BIn this way CBy this means DIn the end,答
30、案：A,共 96 页,56,(3)John may phone tonight. I dont want to go out _ he phones. Aas long as Bin order that Cin case Dso that,答案：C,解析：as long as意为“只要”，in order that意为“为了”，in case意为“以防”，so that意为“以致；为了”。in case引导条件状语从句。,共 96 页,57,(4)I dont think Ill need any money, but Ill bring some _. Aat last Bin case
31、Conce again Din time,答案：B,解析：根据句子中所说自己目前不需要钱，可是要带一点备用或者以防万一。in case是“以防万一”的意思，恰好符合此意。in time是“及时，恰好，迟早”的意思。,共 96 页,58,(5)Youd better take something to read when you go to see the doctor _ you have to wait. Aeven if Bas if Cin case Din order that,答案：C,共 96 页,59,高 效 作 业 自我测评技能备考,共 96 页,60,.单词拼写 1Succe
32、ss in moneymaking is not always a good c_ of real success in life. 2Its f_ outside. Youd better put on more clothes. 3The packet of white p_ the police found in his room turned out to be cocaine. 4What we need is a s_ government. 5Your invention is ingenious, but not very p_.,criterion,freezing,powd
33、er,stable,practical,共 96 页,61,6He is _(清白的，无罪的) of the charge. 7He_ (使扬名) himself by his courage at that time. 8I keep my reference books near my desk for _ (方便) 9He ate a light lunch in _ (期望) of a good dinner. 10She likes inventions and she has applied for _ (专利),innocent,distinguished,convenience
34、,expectation,patent,共 96 页,62, .单项选择,1Jack, you _ on the phone. _. Aare wanted; Coming Bare needed; Im coming Care called; Ill come Dare rung up; Thanks,答案：A,共 96 页,63,解析：考查电话用语。叫人接电话时常用表达有：You are wanted on the phone. /There is a call for you./ For you.回答用：Im coming.或Coming.,共 96 页,64,2Whoever inve
35、nted _ wheel is believed to have made _ most useful invention in _ history. Aa; the; / Bthe; the; / Cthe; /; / Da; a; the,答案：B,解析：发明物的前面必须用 the；第二空用 the表示最高级，故加定冠词 the; in history 为固定搭配，意为“在历史上”，不加任何冠词。,共 96 页,65,3Water can absorb and give off a lot of heat without big changes in temperature, thus c
36、reating a _ environment. Apeaceful Bsensitive Ccommon Dstable,答案：D,解析：A项“平静的”；B项“敏感的”；C项“共同的”；D项“稳定的”。句意为：水能吸收和放出许多热量，这在温度上没有大的变化，因而就创造出了一个稳定的环境。,共 96 页,66,4Having decided to rent a flat, we _ contacting all the accommodation agencies in the city. Aset about Bset down Cset out Dset up,答案：A,解析：考查动词短语
37、。set about doingset out to do开始着手做某事；set down 写下，记下；set up 建立。,共 96 页,67,5Color blind people often find it difficult to _between blue and green. Aseparate Bdistinguish Ccompare Dcontrast,答案：B,解析：句意为：色盲的人经常感到很难区分蓝色和绿色。separate “分离，分开”，但与 between 不能连用；distinguish between “分辨，辨别”；compare (to/with) 比较，对
38、照；contrast (with) 形成对比。,共 96 页,68,6When we plan our vacation, Mother often offers _ suggestions. Acareful Bpractical Ceffective Dacceptable,答案：B,解析：本题考查形容词词义辨析。careful “仔细的，小心的”；practical “可行的，实用的”；effective “有效的，生效的”；acceptable “可接受的，受到欢迎的”。本句的意思是：当我们计划假期的时候，妈妈经常提出实用、可行的建议。因此B项最佳。,共 96 页,69,7Are yo
39、u ready to leave? Almost. Ill be ready to go as soon as I _ putting the clean dishes away. Aget through Bgive up Cgo on Dset about,答案：A,解析：get through (doing) sth. 完成某事。give up (doing) sth. 放弃；go on doing 继续；set about doing 开始做。,共 96 页,70,8I am sure that Lauras latest play, _ staged, will prove a gr
40、eat success. Asince Bunless Conce Duntil,答案：C,解析：考查“once过去分词”。其中为省略句 once the latest play is staged。,共 96 页,71,9(2010安徽皖南八校二联)Without the help of my English teacher, I _ the first prize in the English speaking competition. Awould win Bwould have won Cwould not win Dwould not have won,答案：D,解析：考查虚拟语气。
41、这是一个隐含的虚拟条件句，含有if my English teacher hadnt helped me with my spoken English之意，表示与过去的事实相反，故用与过去相反的虚拟语气，因此D项符合题意。,共 96 页,72,10Would it be _ for you to pick me up at four oclock and take me to the airport? Afree Bvacant Chandy Dconvenient,答案：D,解析：句意：你四点钟接我并把我送到机场方便吗？It is convenient for sb. to do sth.
42、某人做某事方便。,共 96 页,73,11Does this meal cost $50? I _ something far better than this! Aprefer Bexpect Csuggest Dsuppose,答案：B,解析：考查动词辨析。expect期望；期盼；prefer更喜欢；suggest建议；suppose猜想；认为。,共 96 页,74,12He cant bear _ in public. Ato laugh at Bto be laughed at Claughing at Dlaugh at,答案：B,解析：本题中 bear为“承受”的意思。也可表示为
43、bear being laughed at。,共 96 页,75,13As I grew up in a small town at the foot of a mountain, the visit to the village _ scenes of my childhood. Acalled up Bcalled for Ccalled on Dcalled in,答案：A,解析：A.“唤起”，B.“需要”，C.“号召”，D.“召集”。本题题意为“本次参观使我想起了童年的情景”。因此选A。,共 96 页,76,14(2010北京东城期末)Hello, everyone! Have you
44、 heard the meeting will be put off till next Tuesday? Thats what we _ about when you came in. Aare talking Bwere talking Ctalk Dtalked,答案：B,解析：考查动词的时态。“那就是你进来时我们正在讨论的事情”。此处“讨论”的动作发生在“你进来时”，所以用进行时态，同时从came in可以看出用“过去进行时态”。答案应该选B项。,共 96 页,77,15(2010唐山摸底考试)He was so deep in thought, thinking of the pro
45、blem _ he knocked into the tree without noticing it. Awhen Bwhile Cbecause Dthat,答案：D,解析：考查状语从句的引导词。so.that表示“如此，以致”。他思考问题太投入了，以致一不留神儿撞到了树上。,共 96 页,78, .阅读理解,A China will plan to make new rules to give more controls over the growing number of blogs and webcasts (网上直播),共 96 页,79,Nowadays, advanced network technologies, such as Hogging and webcasting, are being improved to challenge the governments ability to watch over the Internet. Chinese government was in the middle of making new rules over Inte