《虚拟语气lxs.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《虚拟语气lxs.ppt（25页珍藏版）》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、Subjunctive Mood,英语动词有三种语气 陈述语气 祈使语气 虚拟语气 用来表示说的话不是事实，或 者是不可能发生的情况，而是 一种愿望，建议，假设的语气 叫虚拟语气。,与现在相反,1. If I were a teacher, I would be strict with my students. 2. If I were you, I would give AIDS patient a hug. 3. If I won the lottery, I would buy an expensive car.,a. If they _ (be) here, they _ (take)
2、 your advice. b. If the world-war _ (burst) out again, what _ (happen) to our people on earth?,were,would take,burst,would happen,PRACTICE : Fill in the blanks.,c. If the policeman _ (be not) in that room, it _ (be) very dangerous. d. If I _ (be) in your position, I _ (ask) for teachers help.,were n
3、ot,could be,were,would ask,与过去相反,If he had been there, it wouldnt have happened. If you had got up earlier, you could have caught the train. If he had come yesterday, I should / would have told him about it.,a. If Tom _ (be) more careful in the exam, he _ (pass) it already. b. If you _ (get) up earl
4、ier, you _ (catch) the first train. c. If I _ (meet) you yesterday, we _ (go) to the concert together.,had been,would have passed,had got,would have caught,PRACTICE : Fill in the blanks.,had met,would have gone,与将来相反,1. If there should be a flood, what should we do? 2. If he were here, everything wo
5、uld be all right. 3. If we were to panic, we would not be able to help.,a. If there _ (be) no natural resource any more, we _ (make) use of nuclear power . b. What _ (happen) if you _ (get up) too late tomorrow? c. If Robots _ (control) the world some day, here _ (be) no friendship.,should be,should
6、 make,would happen,should get up,PRACTICE : Fill in the blanks,were to control,would be,虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法,条件从句,If 从句的谓语形式,主句的谓语形式,现在,过去,将来,did / were,had done,would/could/should/might +do,would/could/should/might+have+done,1. did / were 2. should do 3. were to do,would/could/should/ might + do,如果我是你，我
7、就买了它 If I were you, I should buy it. 如果我有时间，我会学习法语的 If I had time, I would study French. 如果你早一点起床，就会赶上火车的 If you had got up earlier, you could have caught the train. 如果明天天气好，我就去买东西。 If it were fine tomorrow, I would go shopping.,虚拟语气假设条件句型注意点：,1.假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致，叫做错综条件虚拟语气。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照
8、假设的时间而定。 If the weather had been finer, the crops would be growing still better. If you had followed the teachers advice, you wouldnt be in the hospital.,2. 假设条件虚拟倒装。 条件从句中有should， were， had三个助动词可以把if省略，并将这三个词提至句首。 If I were you, I would give it up. Were I you, I would give it up. If it were not for
9、 your advice, we couldnt have got over the difficulties. Were it not for your advice, we couldnt have got over the difficulties.,If I had had time, I would have run round that lake again. Had I had time, I would have run round that lake again. If there should be a flood, what should we do? Should th
10、ere be a flood, what should we do?,1.If I had enough money, I would buy a new car. (have, buy) 2.We would have won if Jack had scored that goal. ( win, score) 3.If I were you , I would go to bed early tonight. (be , go) 4.If it were to rain tomorrow, they would not go out . (rain, go out). 5.Had the
11、 weather been good, we would have gone (go) out for a walk. 6.If there were (be) any change about the date, I would inform you in time. 7. If I had left (leave) sooner , I would have caught (catch) the bus. 8.Were (be) I to do the work, I should do (do) it in a different way. 9. Had I turned off (tu
12、rn off) the electric heater, the house would not have caught (not catch) fire. 10.If you had come (come) yesterday, you would have met (met) that famous professor. 11.The boy can play football so well as if he had trained (train) for years.,without和but for, otherwise构成虚拟 (but for) 要不是,Without sunlig
13、ht, peoples life would be different from today. But for your help, I wouldnt have finished the work. Without your help, I would have failed. But for water, it would be impossible to live in the desert.,Wish后面所跟的宾语从句中的虚拟语气 对现在情况的虚拟 wish + 主语 + did或were 对过去情况的虚拟： wish + 主语 + had + done 对将来情况的虚拟： wish
14、+ 主语 + would/could/might + V 我希望我是一只鸟 I wish I were a bird. (现在) 我真希望我没有犯这样的错误 I wish I hadnt made such a mistake. (过去) 我们希望父母将不会惩罚我们 We wish our parents wouldnt punish us. (未来),as if /though + 从句,现在： 过去：,did,had done,她爱这个孩子好像是他自己的孩子一样 She loves the baby as if it were her own son. 看上去像春天一样 It seems
15、as if it were spring. 我记得整件事情，就像发生在昨天一样 I remember the whole thing as if it had happened yesterday. 他们好像多年的朋友一样谈话 They talked as if they had been friends for years. 他看上去好像喝醉了 He looks as if he were drunk.,Its (about/high) time +that -,should +V.,过去时,你该走了,我们该睡觉了,Its high time that you Its high time t
16、hat you,Its time that we Its time that we,went.,should go.,went to bed.,should go to bed.,If only (要是就好了) If only I knew his name! If only we had followed your advice! If only I could see him again!,要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。 要是我没错过火车就好了！,If only our parents could live with us!,If only I hadnt missed the t
17、rain!,would rather that -,现在： 过去： 未来：,我宁愿你现在付给我钱 I would rather you paid me now. (现在) 我宁愿你已经走了 I would rather you had gone, too. (过去) 现在别来，我宁可你明天来 Dont come. I would rather you came tomorrow. (未来),过去时,过去时,过去完成时,Its necessary /strange/ natural/ important + that - 从句中的动词要用虚拟，即(should)+动词原形,It is impor
18、tant that we ( should ) master a foreign language. It is strange that she refuse to come to the party. Its necessary that we should study hard.,表示要求，命令，建议的虚拟语气。,常见动词： 一个坚持：insist 两个命令：order, command 三个建议：advise, suggest, propose 四个要求：demand , require, request, desire I drop cars,这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法
19、,即从句中的动词 使用 (should) + V原形,我们建议Tom去休息一下。 他坚决要求我到场。 国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。 他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。,We suggested that Tom (should) have a rest.,He insisted that I (should) be present.,The king ordered that the prisoners (should) be killed the next day.,They requested that we (should) send them to work there.,以上动词相应的名
20、词构成的名词性从句（包括主语从句，表语从句和同位语）也要使用虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样。 order, advice, suggestion, proposal, demand, request, desire,Its suggested that the plan (should) be carried out. My demand is that she (should) come to see me once a week. All of us are for the advice that the chemical factory (should) be closed down.,