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1、Investment & Stocks -投资和股票,NO. 32,2,Following are the most common terms that are associated with the stock and stocks: Bear and Bull：买空卖空（熊与牛） Bear is a person with a pessimistic market outlook. Bull is a person who thinks prices will rise. Bear market：熊市 Prolonged period of falling prices.,3,Bull m
2、arket：牛市 Prolonged rise in the prices of stocks, bonds, and commodities. Dividend：分红 Distribution of earnings to shareholders, usually paid in the form of money and stock.,4,IPO：首次公募 Initial Public Offering. Refer to the initial offering of shares by a company to the public. Mutual fund：共同基金 Fund op
3、erated by an investment company which is invested in stocks, bonds, options, commodities, or money-market securities.,5,Blue chip：蓝筹股 Common stock of nationally-known companies in the U.S. that have a long record of profit growth, dividend payment, and a reputation for quality management, products,
4、and services. Investment banker：投资银行家 Firm or individual, acting as underwriter or agent, that serves as an intermediary between an issuer of securities and the investing public.,6,Common stocks：普通股 Units of ownership of a public corporation. Owners are typically entitled to vote on the selection of
5、 directors and other important matters, as well as to receive dividends on their holdings. Preferred stocks：优先股 Class of capital stock that pays dividends at a specified rate and that has preference over common stock in the payment of dividends and liquidation of assets. Does not ordinarily carry vo
6、ting rights.,7,Bell-weather stocks：前导证券 A security seen as an indicator of a markets direction. Portfolio：投资组合 Combined holding of more than one stock, bond, commodity, real-estate investment, cash, or other asset by an individual or institutional investor. The purpose of a portfolio is to reduce ri
7、sk by diversification.,8,Graveyard market：墓地市场 Bear market wherein investors who sell are faced with substantial losses while potential investors prefer to stay liquid until market conditions improve.,9,Usage,Following are some colorful expressions and usage examples dealing with investments and sto
8、cks: （以下是一些关于投资和股市的有趣表达和例子：） Made a killing (made a lot of money from selling stocks) Hes shopping for a new house. He made a killing in the market last week.,10,Wiped out (lost all or substantial amount of stock assets and wealth due to poor investment decisions or market forces) He has to go back
9、to work. He was totally wiped out in last weeks crash. Gold bug (analyst enamored of gold as an investment) I knew he was a gold bug, but 5 gold rings is just too much.,11,Cats and dogs (speculative stocks that have short histories of sales, earnings, and dividend payments) In bull markets, analysts
10、 say that even the cats and dogs are going up. War babies (jargon for the stocks and bonds of corporations who are primarily engaged as defense contractors),12,His portfolio is not very diversified. Most of his holdings are war babies. Dont fight the tape (dont trade against a market trend) Those st
11、ocks youre buying are in a nosedive. Dont fight the tape!,13,Summary,Investment is a key strategy for getting ahead financially. Individuals invest, companies invest, and even governments invest. A well-used method for companies to raise capital is to become public and issue shares to investors. There are many advantages for both company and shareholder alike, but there are risks on both sides!,14,投资是获得经济利益的主要策略。个人投资，公司投资，甚至政府也投资。公司最常用的筹集资金的方式是上市向公众投资者发行股票。这对公司和股票持有人都很有好处，但对双方也都有风险！,