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1、自主招生考试英语讲义 （一）词汇篇,Whatever the reason, it iis quite possible that the Ancient Egyptians saw birds behaving in this way, from time to time, and used it as the basis of their phoenix myth, adding fanciful details which closely linked it to their worship of the sun and their belief in resurrection. 1.
2、Which of the following is closest to the underlined word “resurrection” ? A Live forever B Offering warmth C Coming back to life D staying health,C,ab- 脱离（abnormal不正常的， abaxial离开轴心的） anti- 反抗 （antiwar 反战的， antibiotics抗生素） auto-自动，自己 （autobiography自传，autostable自动稳定） be- 使加强 （belittle 使缩小， befriend友好相
3、待的） bi- 二，双 （biweekly 双周刊， bilingual 双语的） co-, col-, com-, con-, cor- 共同 （cooperation 协作， collaboration 协作、勾结，combine 联合， connect联系 correlation 相互关系） counter-, contra-反，对应（counteraction反作用 contrast 对比） di-, dif-, dis- 否定，相反（digress离题，diffident不自信的 dislike 不喜欢） en-, em- 使（enlarge 使扩大 encourage 鼓励） ex
4、- 外，出（ external 外部的 export 出口） extra- 以外，超过（extraordinary格外的， extrasolar太阳系以外的）,hyper- 过多，超（hyperfrequency超高频，hypersonic超声的） il-, im-, in-, ir-表否定（illogical不合逻辑的， impossible不可能的 invisible 不可见的， irrational 不合理的） inter-互相（interchange交换， interact 相互作用） intra-, intro-在内，内部（interpersonal个人内心的，introspect内
5、省） mal-恶，不良（maltreat 虐待，malfunction机能失常） micro-微的，微观的（microscope显微镜，microwave微波） mid-中，中间（midair半空中，midstream 中流） multi-多（multiparty多党的， multilingual 多种语言的） non-表否定（nonsmoker不抽烟的人，nonexistent不存在的） out- 超过，过度，外，出（outgo比走得更远outdoor户外的） over-上，过度（overwork工作过度的，overload超载，overbridge） post-后（postwar战后 po
6、atgraduate研究生） pre-前，领先（prewar战前的，preview预习）,re- 回，再（return 返回， restart重新开始） semi-半（semicircle半圆， semiconductor半导体） sub-次，亚，在下，低于（subway地下人行道，地铁 substandard低于标准规格的 ） trans-转换，变换，横过，越过（transmit传送， transatlantic 横渡大西洋的， transplant移植） tri- 三，三个（tricycle三轮车， triangle三角形） un-表否定（unstable 不稳定的， unknown未知的
7、） under-下，内（指衣服）不足（underground地下的， underwear 内衣， underpay付资不起） uni-单一的（uniform制服， unipolar单极的）,-able, -ible 可的（redable可读的， sensible可察觉的） -age 表状态、性质、行为（breakage破损，shortage缺乏） -al具有性质的，如的（personal个人的，regional地区的） -ance，-ence表状态、行为、性质（importance重要性 confidence） -ancy,-ency表状态、行为、性质（constancy一贯性ungency紧
8、迫性） -ant,-ent表人、物、行为（applicant申请人，correspondent通信者） -arian表各种年龄、派别、主义职业的人（humanitarian人道主义者 utilitarian功利主义者） -crat 支持，参与者（democrat民主人士， bureaucrat官僚） -dom 表性质、状态、行为（freedom自由，wisdom智慧） -ee表动作的承受者（employee雇员，trainee受训练的人） -eer从事的人（pioneer开拓者，volunteer志愿者） -en使变成（harden使变硬，shorten使变短） 有性质的，似的（golden金
9、色的，woolen羊毛的）,-er, -or表人或物（singer歌唱家， survivor幸存者） -ery表状态、性质、行为、活动地点（nursery托儿所， robbery掠夺，slavery奴隶身份，奴隶制） -ese某国的，某国人及语言（Chinese, portuguese） -ess表 女性，雌性（hostess女主人，actress女演员） -ful充满的，具有性质的（cupful一满杯，fearful可怕的） -hood表身份、状况、性质（neighborhood邻里，manhood） -ic,-ical类似的，具有的（heroic英雄般的，logical合逻辑的） -ify
10、使成，使化（simplify简单化，purify提纯） -ion,-tion表情况、状态、性质、行为（fashion时髦，decision决定） -ish似的，有的（selfish自私的，childish儿童般的，幼稚的） -ism表示主义、行为，学，派（realism现实主义 fatalism宿命论，modernism现代派） -ist从事工作的人（socialist社会主义者，dentist牙科医生） -ity表行为、性质、状态（unity团结一致，maturity成熟性）,-ive有性质的，有作用的，属于（protective保护的 productive 生产的） -ize,-ise,-
11、yze,-yse以方式对待，化（realize实现，analyze 分析，modernize现代化） -less没有的（fearless无畏的，useless无用的） -let小（booklet小册子，leaflet传单） -like有性质的，像的（dreamlike梦一般的，humanlike） -logy学、论、研究（biology生物学，technology技术） -ly 如的，有特性的（manly男子气的，lovely可爱的） -ment表行为、状态、性质（movement运动，management管理） -ness表状态、性质（darkness黑暗，kindness仁慈） -ous,
12、-eous,-ious充满的（dangerous危险的，famous著名的） -ship表状况、状态、身份、技能、技艺（hardship, scholarship） -some像的，引起的(troublesome讨厌的，lonesome孤独的) -ward表方向（upward向上，outward 向外）,astro- 表示和星际、空间有关 astronomer天文学家astronaut宇航员 audio-表示与听、声音有关的概念 audio-visual 视听的 centi- 百、百分之一、厘centimeter厘米 de- 与动词结合构成另一动词，表示相反行为 decrease减少 dece
13、ntralize分散、分权 与名词结合构成另外一动词，表示去掉 defrost 除霜 deca- “十” decade十年 decathlon 十项全能运动 deci- 十分之一 decimal 十进制 decibel 分贝 eco- 环境的，生态的 ecology生态学 ecologist 生态学家 electro- “电”的 electronic 电子的 electromagnet 电磁铁 fore- 在“前部”之意 forearm 前臂 forehead 前额 geo- 和地球有关 geography 地理 geolegy地质学 hetero- 不同的 heterosexual 异性的
14、homo- 相同的 homosexual 同性的,hydr- 与水有关的 hydro-electric水电的 hydrate 水合物 kilo- 千 kilogram 千，千克 kilometer 千米，公里 mono- 单一 monogamy 一夫一妻制 monologue 独白 monopolize 独占，垄断 neo- 新的，最近的 non-classical 新古典主义 neo-lithic 新石器时代 octa-, octo-八 octagon 八角形 octave 八度音 octopus 章鱼 off- 不存在、不发生在某一地方的事物或行为，或者是在之外 偏离off-campus
15、在校园外的 off-key 走调的 phon- 与声音有关 phonetic 语音的 phonetics 语音学 poly- 复、众多的 polygamy 一夫多妻的 polygon 多边形，多角形 polysyllable 多音节 pro- 亲善、支持 pro-feminist 支持女权的 pro-west 亲西方的 radio- 电波、辐射 radioactive 放射性的 radiocarbon 放射性碳 step- 父母再婚带来的非血缘家庭关系 stepmother 继母,self- 自我的，还包括“态度”的意思 self-absorbed 自我专注的 self-assertive自信
16、的 super- 超过，在上 极端 supermarket supernatural超自然的 tele- 超远距离 telephone telegram telescope ulrta- 极度，过，一般与形容词结合 ultra-conservation 极端保守的 ultra-fashionable 极为时髦的 ultrasonic超声波的 vice- 代理，副 vice-captain 副船长 vice-consul 副领事,-cide 杀灭 suicide自杀 genocide屠杀 insecticide杀虫剂 -craft 构成交通工具 aircraft 飞机 spacecraft宇宙飞
17、船 表示技艺 handcraft 手工艺品 -gram 写下，画下的事物 diagram 图表 epigram 警句 telegram电报 也可以表示“克”kilogram -ics 不可数名词后为词尾，表示一门学科或者研究项目 physics -ify 使成为，使化 simplify 简化 beautify 美化 classify 分类 glorify使光荣 indentify 鉴定，验明 -itis 表示基本疾病appendicitis阑尾炎 arthritis 关节炎 bronchitis气管炎 -like 形容词后缀，像的 childlike bird-like -ology 表示学科
18、，体系 archaeology考古学 astrology 占星术 -phone 与转播声音，放大声音的器材、乐器有关 earphone telephone xylophone 木琴,-work 与表示物质的名词结合，构成另一名词，表示由该物质 组成的事物 ironwork 铁制品 metalwork 金属制品 -y表状态、性质、行为（difficulty困难，victory胜利） 表充满，包含（hairy多毛发的，irony钢铁般的） 在英语单词中，单词的含义主要是靠词根和前缀表示出来的， 后缀只是产生一些变体，所以，最主要是要掌握前缀。在平常 学习中，自己要注意搜集整理新出的前缀，例如cyb
19、er-就是 因为现在网络的出现而出现的新前缀,Since no further information concerning the case was disclosed, people could not help _ on its outcome. A speculating B apprehending C reflecting D fumbling 2. As a young man full of ambitions, he _ secretly in his brain the plan of establishing his own company even in high sc
20、hool. A conceived B perceived C deceived D launched 3. Rock music usually _ the young people in most countries. A applies to B appeals to C amazes D actress 4. Ten years later, that man was_ from prison. A shut B released C penetrated D elected 5. He said he would _ me to Mr. Li but he didnt. A comm
21、ent B suggest C command D recommend,A,A,B,B,D,6. The factory is planning to build a new _ line this year. A resemble B assembly C productive D assess 7. Maybe you have been to many famous restaurants, but nowhere else _ on such nice ducks. A you can feast B can you taste C you can taste D can you fe
22、ast 8. I feel sure that _ qualification, ability and experience, you are abundantly suited to the position we have in mind. A on account of B in spite of C in terms of D by means of 9. _ quality of the runners, I think this weeks 800meters final could produce a new Olympic record. A Judging from B B
23、y judged by C Judged by D To judge from 10. He _ unwisely, but he was at least trying to do something helpful. A may have acted B must have acted C should act D would act,B,D,C,A,A,11. He is burning the midnight oil to _ his lost time. A keep up with B make use of C make up for D catch up with 12. I
24、 thought he was the _ person we wanted to employ, but he soon disappointed us all. A previous B original C initial D very 13. An increasing number of foreign countries have been _ China as a rising power in the recent years. A looking up B looking at C looking on D looking for 14. -I dont supposed h
25、e might have received a good education in his childhood,_ he ? -_, he is polite and well-behaved and cats like a gentleman. A did, Yes B has, Yes C has, No D did, No 15. A series of lectures have _ the students interest in science and technology. A arisen B enforced C risen D aroused,C,D,C,A,D,16. T
26、he score that a student obtains before any adjustment and transformations is called the _ score. A bare B raw C primitive D crude 17. A modern city has been set up in _ was wasteland ten years ago. A what B which C that D where 18. All the citizens here strongly insist those found _ “harmful” advert
27、isements in the streets _ punished strictly. A putting up, will be B to put up, should be C being put up, shall be D putting up, be 19. _ into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order. A Translating B Translated C To translate D Having translated 20.The storm left, _
28、a lot of damage to this area. A caused B have caused C to cause D having caused,B,A,D,B,D,21-The weather has been very hot and dry. -Yes. If it had rained even a drop, my vegetables _. A wouldnt die B didnt die C hadnt died D wouldnt have died 22. It is uncertain _ side effect the medicine will brin
29、g about, although about two thousand patients have taken it. A that B what C how D whether 23._ you may have, you should gather your courage to face it. A However a serious problem B What a serious problem C However serious a problem D What serious a problem 24. Just be patient. You _ expect the wor
30、ld to change so soon. A cant B neednt C may not D whether 25.Mikes uncle insists _ in his hotel. A staying not B not to stay C that he would not stay D that he not stay,D,B,C,A,D,26. The fact _ that a lot of factories were faced with a very difficult situation. A Informed B intended C introduced D i
31、ndicated 27. We are looking for someone with a real sense of _ to the job. A committee B commitment C community D commission 28-Perhaps you should go home now. -No, I insist _ here q while longer. A to stay B for staying C on staying D to be staying 29 We have to _ our original plan if unfortunately
32、 this one doesnt work out. A fall under B fall behind C fall to D fall back on 30. The old lady has developed a _ cough which cannot be cured completely in a short time. A perpetual B permanent C chronic D sustained,D,B,C,D,C,31. The strain of his job led to the complete _ of his health. A collapse
33、B breakdown C decline D decrease 32 .Ten years later, that man was _ from prison. A shut B released C penetrated D elected 33.The number of children adopted by the legal _ appears to have fallen in the last decade. A way B direction C transfer D route 34.Although the colonists _ to some extent with
34、the native Americans, the Indians influence of American culture was not extensive. A migrated B matched C mingled D melted 35. This essay aims to _ the idea that poor people should also be respected in a harmonious society. A notify B enlarge C inform D reinforce,B,B,D,C,D,36.A non-government organi
35、zation is established to _ the pollution control. A arise B enforce C widen D arouse 37.The problem should be taken into serious consideration instead of being_. A put back B shrugged off C dealt with D disposed of 38.Housing is currently in a steep _ following an extended five-year boom powered by
36、the lowest mortgage rates in a generation. A scoop B stump C swamp D slump 39.No action will be _ the mythmaker during the review period, which could take up to four months. A taken away B taken against C taken back D taken off 40.In no country _ Britain, it has been said, can one experience four se
37、asons in the course of a single day. A other than B more than C better than D rather than,B,B,D,B,A,41.Matt is now getting on well with his new job and he earns _ he did last year. A twice as many as B as twice many as C as twice much as D twice as much as 42.She _ blood when the Red Cross has a blo
38、od drive. A allocated B dedicated C extracted D donated 43.People do not like such person who are always _ the way of others. A on B by C in D behind 44.He talks as if he _ everything in the world. A knows B knew C had known D would have known 45.The local Tibetans and Sherpas laughed at the strange
39、 bottles containing _ they referred to as “English air”. A which B what C how D that,D,D,C,B,B,46. - Do you mind if I open the window? - _ I feel a little bit cold. A Of course not. B Id rather you didnt. C Go ahead. D Why not 47._ with such a problem, they didnt know what to do. A Faced B Facing C
40、Having faced D To be faced 48.The non-profit organization _ donation to the area. A calls back B calls in C calls for D calls forth 49.Schools must ensure that most young people _ the skills and knowledge once reserved for a few. A acquire B learn C achieve D fulfill 50. He spent most of his leisure
41、 time reading those first class authors in order to _ his mind. A instruct B cultivate C exercise D educate,B,B,C,A,B,51.His answer was so confused that I could hardly make any _ of it at all. A recognition B meaning C intelligibility D sense 52.Since the two countries couldnt _ their differences, t
42、hey decided to stop their negotiation. A dissolve B reconcile C oblige D render 53.If you feel like buying a bike for your child, we have a large _ of models for you to choose from. A variety B volume C set D scope 54.When the result of the vote was announced the Prime Minister_defeated A acquainted B assured C notified D acknowledged 55.The police department is appealing for any information that may be _ to this inquiry. A pertinent B acute C persistent D appropriate,D,B,A,D,A,