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1、Unit 20 修辞的翻译,Warming up,1.The boy was creeping like snail unwillingly to school. 2.The boy stood rooted. 3. We are dying for the greatest nothing. 4. -What does that lawyer do after he dies? -Lie still.,1. 那男孩像只蜗牛慢慢向前挪动，嘟哝着不愿去上学。 2. 那男孩一动不动地呆着。 3. 我们为那伟大的一文不值的信念而死。 4. - 那个律师死后能干什么？ （1）-静静地躺着。 （2）-躺
2、着说鬼话。,quiet, light, fresh ,blind, clear, stubborn, cunning, old ,slippery, busy,As _ as a bat. As _ as a bee. As _ as a bell. As _ as a daisy (a kind of flower). As _ as an eel (a kind of fish). As _ as a feather. As _ as a fox. As _ as the hills. As _ as a mouse. As _ as a mule.,常用的修辞,比喻、矛盾、双关、借代、拟
3、人、夸张、委婉、重复、反语、排比、对照等。 由于中英两种语言、文化存在着差异，修辞手段与内容则各具特色。翻译时尽量保持原有的修辞风格，做到形神兼备。两者矛盾时去“形”保“神”。,一、形似（直译）,The fury of the crowd erupted like a volcano. 群众的愤怒像火山一般爆发起来。 2. I cant save myself any more than a clay idol can save itself while swimming across a river. 我本人是泥菩萨过河，自身难保。 3. If we attack quickly, we c
4、an nip掐掉 the enemys plans in the bud. 如果我们迅速进攻，就可以把敌人的计划消灭在萌芽状态。,二、神似（意译）,1. What is learned in the cradle is carried to the grave. 2. I cant earn enough to keep my body and soul together. 3. When my ship comes in, I will take a trip to Africa. 4. Every life has its roses and thorns.,少时所学，到老不忘。 我赚的不
5、够吃。 当我发了财时，我要到非洲去。 每个人的生活都有甜有苦。,三、灵活处理的代替法,Doea dear, a female deer. Ray a drop of golden sun. Me a name I call myself. Far a long long way to run. Sew a needle pulling thread. La a note to follow sew. Tea a drink with jam and bread. That will bring us back to doe.,对比两种译文：,译文1. Doe 是鹿，是一头母鹿，Ray是金色阳光
6、，Me是我，是我自己，Far是奔向远方，Sew是引针穿线，La跟在Sew后面走，Tea喝茶加点心。那就重会到Doe。 译文2. 朵，美丽的花朵。来啊，大家都快来！密，你们来猜秘密。发，猜中我把奖发。索，大家用心思索。拉，快点猜莫拖拉。体，怎样练好身体，做茁壮成长的花朵。,各种修辞的翻译（能直译就直译，不能再用意译， 直+意）,比喻：simile明,metaphor隐, metonymy转 1. He jumped back as if he had been stung, and the blood rushed into his wrinkled face. 他往后一跳，好像被什么东西叮了一
7、下似的，他那张布满皱纹的脸顿时涨得通红。 2. He bombarded her with questions. 他连珠炮似的向她提出了许多问题。 3. Most of us are too ready to apply to others the cold wind of criticism, we are somehow reluctant to give our fellows the warm sunshine of praise. 我们中的很多人太容易给别人批评的冷风，而不愿意给自己的同伴赞扬的阳光。,More,1. Men are April when they woo, Dece
8、mber when they wed, maids are May when they maids, but the sky changes when they are wives. (Shakespeare) 男人求爱时如和煦的4月，婚后却像寒冬腊月；闺中少女则宛若温暖的5月，而为人妇后却像易变的天气阴晴莫测。 2. The man said to woman, “ We could make beautiful music together.” 我们也许会是和谐幸福的一对儿。 3. My 15 students read Emerson, Thoreau, and Huxley. 我的15
9、位学生读了爱默生、梭罗和赫胥黎的作品。,借代 （synecdoche),试着译,1. He was born with a silver spoon in his mouth. 2. It cant be defined by the span of a single journey from diaper to shroud. 3. The kettle is boiling. 4. The whole room broke into laughter. 5. Children who were now gray with age . 6. I hope your idea takes wi
10、ng. 我希望你的想法成真。,夸张（Hyperbole),1. Ive been dying to meet you. 我非常非常想见到你。 2. She has more teeth, white and large and even, than are necessary for any practical purpose. 她有一口洁白整齐的大牙，为数之多已超过任何实际需要。 3. I lived a year in a minute. 我度日如年。,矛盾（Oxymoron),1. His cruel kindness is simply beyond words. 他那害人不浅的仁慈。
11、 2. She cried ,with a touch of sorrowful gladness. 她悲喜交加地哭了。 3. Parting is such sweet sorrow. (Romeo) 别离是如此地又甜蜜又令人心酸。 4. We are terribly pleased to hear the good news. 我们听到这一好消息真是欣喜若狂。,委婉（Euphemism),1. That luster has taken a fancy to Middle Eastern dancing. 那个好色之徒现在开始喜欢看肚皮舞。 2. Social diseases are
12、now on the increase in the whole world. 现在全世界性病在不断增多。 3. She is a little confused. 她疯了。,More 猜猜看，下列是什么？,mental healthy center trouble is over now / To breathe ones last to powder ones nose /May I be excused? bubble dancer /domestic engineer meat technologist /beautician below average students /the s
13、enior citizens love child /correctional center,拟人（Personification),1. But the hope that was in his brain died. 2. The night crawled slowly like a wounded snake and sleep did not visit Rainsford . 3. Night found him leg weary .,反语、双关、重复等,1. Oh, thats right, I forgot. Youre always calm. 2. You dirty d
14、og, you! 3. The Best a Man Can Get。 4. A cannon-ball took off his legs, so he laid down his arms. 5. That was a million years ago. A million years ago.,练习,1. He seemed nailed to the ground. 2. He was like a defeated fighting cock. 3. He was a mixture of the tiger and the ape. 4. His words are as pla
15、in as ABC. -But I am DEF. 5. I skimmed over the book to taste the tone of it. 6. The ship plows the sea. 7. He doesnt have an idea of his own. He just parrots what other people say.,More,8. The whole house has gone crazy! 9. I wish that you would put your cards on the table. 10. You are faster than a horse. 11. A living death. 12. Writing is busy idleness. 13. The oldest boy became a Congressman.,