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1、Proper omission (省译),I. Definition,By omission we mean properly omitting some words or expressions in order to make the translated version brief, concise, clear, instead of verbose or clumsy. Proper omission in English-Chinese translation often involves the omitting of some words (such as prepositio
2、ns, articles, certain pronouns, conjunctions, etc.) that are indispensable in the SL text but not in the TL text in the process of translation.,II. Motivation,Omission is based on the differences between English and Chinese. Only by omitting or adding some words or expressions can we make the transl
3、ated version more idiomatic and thus more expressive. For example, Chinese has no articles or infinitive markers, and pronouns, conjunctions, and prepositions are not as frequently used as those of English. So when we translate English sentences with articles and infinitive markers into Chinese, we
4、often omit these articles or infinitive markers. E.g.:,Motivation,You cannot build a ship, a bridge or a house if you dont know how to make a design or how to read it. It took him a long time to reach the bottom and to crouch behind a little dwarf palm. 不会制图或看不懂图纸，就不可能造船，架桥或盖房子。 他费了很长时间才从山上爬下来，蹲到一棵矮
5、小的棕榈树后面。,III. Principles,Omission should be aimed at smoothness and conciseness or succinctness. Omission does not go against faithfulness. Omission only involves omitting words that are superfluous in the TL text but are indispensable in the SL text. Omission does not mean subtracting meanings from
6、 the original work. What is omitted may not be necessarily confined to certain parts of speech, as the traditionalists often say. Any parts of speech may be liable to be omitted depending upon the context and the translators translation techniques.,Omission of parts of speech due to syntactic consid
7、eration,Omission of articles (articles are generally not translated unless it is necessary) Omission of prepositions Omission of personal and possessive pronouns Omission of it Omission of conjunctions Omission of verbs,Omission of articles,The earth moves round the sun. The horse is a useful animal
8、. Any home appliance must be handled with care whether it is a TV set, a VCR or a microwave oven. We do translation exercises twice a week. How do you like the film?,Omission of articles,地球绕太阳公转。 马是有用的动物。 家电都需要轻拿轻放，不论是电视机，录 像机还是微波炉。 我们每星期做两次翻译练习。 你认为那部电影怎么样？,Omission of prepositions,The rocket engin
9、e carries with it the oxygen of its own. We have made much progress in pronunciation. Trees grow along both banks of the canal. Now complaints are heard in all parts of that country.,Omission of prepositions,我们的发音有很大进步。 火箭发动机自带氧气。 运河两岸长着树木。 该国各地目前怨声载道。,Omission of personal and possessive pronouns,If
10、 you want to kill a snake you must hit it first one the head and if you want to catch a band of robbers you must first catch their leader. He is a good friend that speaks well of us behind our backs. The significance of a man is not in what he attains but rather in what he longs to attain.,4)If your
11、 TV set does not work properly, youd better not have it fixed. Just buy a new one. 5)He is keeping his bed. 6)All the fellows gathered around, stretching their necks like geese. 7)Why do we feel cooler when we fan ourselves? 8)That dishonest boy is not at all ill. He is alive and kicking in the swim
12、ming pool. We all saw him.,Omission of personal and possessive pronouns,打蛇先打头，擒贼先擒王。 在背后说我们好话的人才是一个好朋友。 人生的意义不在于已获取的，而在于渴望获得什么样 的东西。 电视有毛病，最好别去修，最好再买新的。 他正卧病在床。 所有的人都聚拢来，像鹅一样伸长脖子。 煽扇子时我们为什么会感到凉快些？ 那个不诚实的孩子根本就没病，他在游泳池里活蹦乱跳的，我们都看见了。,Omission of it,It was not until the middle of the 19th century that t
13、he film came into being. It requires patience to do the job. It is true that he went there. He took it upon himself to pay off the debt. It is easy to learn English, but it is difficult to attain perfection in it. It is quite still in the laboratory. It was just growing dark, as she shut the garden
14、gate.,Omission of it,直到十九世纪中叶，电影才开始出现。 做这件工作需要有耐性。 他去了那里是真的。 他自愿负责还清债务。 英语易学难精。 实验室里很安静。 她关上园门时，已是暮色苍茫了。,Omission of conjunctions,If winter comes, can spring be far behind? I can finish the work so long as you give me time. No matter whether you believe me or not, I saw it with my own eyes. There mu
15、st be some people in the room, for I heard a voice. Let us go and try it again.,6)He considered the National Security Council too large and bulky and thus too leaky, too many people who talked too much. 7)When deeply absorbed in work, which he often was, he would forget all about eating and sleeping
16、. 8)On the platform I could see a Negro who was working at the pump,Omission of conjunctions,冬天来了，春天还会远吗？ 给我时间，我就能完成这项工作。 我亲眼看见的信不信由你。 屋里准有人，我听见有人声。 我们再去试试。 他认为国家安全委员会机构太庞大，人多嘴杂，容易泄密。 他经常聚精会神地工作，往往废寝忘食。 我看见平台上有个黑人在压水泵。,Omission of verbs,In most cases the soil near the surface is merely damp and is n
17、ot completely saturated with water. When the pressure gets low, the boiling point becomes low. These developing countries cover vast territories, encompass a large population and abound in natural resources.,Omission of verbs,在大多数情况下，地表附近的土壤仅仅有些潮湿，但含水量并未完全饱和。 气压低，沸点就低。 这些发展中国家土地辽阔，人口众多，资源丰富。,Omissio
18、n due to a consideration of logic,He ordered a Gibson (吉布森鸡尾酒，一种由杜松子酒或伏特加酒与苦艾酒混合而成的酒) and shouldered his way in between two other men at the bar. What is the shortest possible way to China Hotel?,Omission due to a consideration of logic,他要了一杯鸡尾酒，就在酒店里挤到两个人当中站着。 去中国大酒店哪条路最近？,Omission due to a conside
19、ration of rhetoric,Omission of the repeated expressions of the original Omission of the unnecessary expressions of the original,Omission of the repeated expressions of the original,University applicants who had worked at a job would receive preference over those who had not. Instead of one old woman
20、 knocking me about and starving me, everybody of all ages knocked me about and starved me.,Omission of the repeated expressions of the original,报考大学的人，有工作经验的优先录取。 那时打我并且使我挨饿的不只是一个老太婆，而是老老少少各式各样的人。,Omission of the unnecessary expressions of the original,UNICEF would be in a position to meet more of t
21、he vast unsatisfied needs of children and young people if more resources were made available to it. A motion has been made for a separate vote on paragraph 4 of the draft resolution which appears in paragraph 11 of the report. There was no snow, the leaves were gone from the trees, and the grass was
22、 dead.,4)China is also a country of people with a passionate love of flowers and trees and intense dedication to the welfare of children and to the work ethic. 5)Patients with influenza must be separated from the well lest the disease should spread from person to person. 6)The late Mrs. Achson had p
23、assed to her Maker somewhere about 1930. 7)The crowd was pushing harder. Those in the middle were squeezed against each other so tightly they could not move in any direction.,Omission of the unnecessary expressions of the original,如果财源多一些的话，联合国儿童基金就会更多地满足儿童和青年人尚未满足的需要。 有人提议，对该报告第十一段中的决议草案第四段进行单独表决。 天未下雪，却已叶落草枯。,4)中国人还热爱鲜花和树木，专心致力于儿童的福利事业，并且严格恪守工作道德。 5)流感病人必须与健康的人隔开，以免疾病传播。 6)亚奇逊太太升天大约是在1930年。 7)人群越挤越厉害，夹在当中的人被挤得动弹不得。,Summary,同增译一样，省译往往是译者在推敲译文或校对译文的过程中进行的，可见这类调整与译者的母语语感很有关系，从本质上说这是一个译文的可读性问题(readability)，其关键在求得译文与原文在深层结构上的对应，而不求双语在词语形式上的机械对应。,Thats the end of the lecture. Thank you!,