《高中物理粤教必修一同步课堂配套课件影响加速度的因素.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高中物理粤教必修一同步课堂配套课件影响加速度的因素.ppt（29页珍藏版）》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、第 二 节 理解 教材 新知 把握 热点 考向 应用 创新 演练 第 四 章 知识点一 知识点二 考向 随堂基础巩固 课时跟踪训练 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 返回
2、Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 返回 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .N
3、ET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 返回 1当物体的质质量不变时变时 ，物体 的 加速度与合外力成正比。 2当物体所受合外力不变时变时 ， 物 体的加速度与质质量成反比。 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NE
4、T 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 返回 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3
5、.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 返回 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copy
6、right 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 返回 自学教材 1加速度的测测量 (1)在实验实验 中加速度不能直接测测量，可以通过测过测 量 和 等直接测测量的量去间间接地测测量加速度 。 (2)由静止开始做匀变变速直线线运动动的物体，位移s ，测测出位移s和时间时间 t，则则它的加速度a 。 时间时间 位移 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5
7、 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 返回 2加速度与物体所受合力的关系 当物体的质质量保持不变变，物体受到的合外力逐渐渐增 大时时，其加速度将 ；反之，当物体受到的合外力 逐渐渐减小时时，其加速度将 。 增大 减小 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspos
8、e.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 返回 重点诠释诠释 1实验实验 探究方法 控制变变量法(保持小车质车质 量不变变)。 2实验实验 目的 验证验证 猜想：小车质车质 量保持不变时变时 ，小车车所受合外力越 大，加速度也越大；反之合外力越小，加速度越小。 3实验实验 器材 一个带带有刻度尺的斜面，一辆辆四轮轮小车车，一块块秒表。 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Cr
9、eated with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 返回 图图421 4实验设计实验设计 (1)如图图421所示，让让小车车 从斜面上由静止释释放。 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Sl
10、ides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 返回 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slide
11、s for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 返回 5实验结论实验结论 当物体的质质量保持不变时变时 ，物体受到的合外力逐 渐渐增大，其加速度将逐渐渐增大；反之，物体受到的合 外力逐渐渐减小，其加速度也逐渐渐减小。加速度的方向 与合外力的方向相同。 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile
12、5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 返回 1研究物体所受合外力与加速度的关系时时，要注 意保证证不变变的是 ( ) A小车车所受的合力 B小车车的质质量 C小车车的速度 D小车车的位移 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Pr
13、ofile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 返回 解析：研究物体所受合外力与加速度的关系，须须保 持小车车的质质量不变变。 答案：B Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created wi
14、th Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 返回 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 20
15、04-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 返回 自学教材 (1)在探究加速度与质质量的关系时时，要保持物体所受 不变变，而改变变物体的 。 (2)设设斜面与水平桌面的夹夹角为为，小车车的质质量为为M ，把小车车放在斜面上，忽略小车车与斜面间间的摩擦，则则小 车车所受合外力为为 ，增大小车车的质质量而保持合外 力不变变，需要 夹夹角。 (3)当物体所受合外力大小保持不变时变时 ，物体质质量越 大，其加速度将 ，反之则则 。 合外力 质质量 Mgsin 减小 越小 越大 Evaluation only.Evaluation
16、 only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 返回 重点诠释诠释 1实验实验 探究方法 控制变变量法(保持物体受到的合外力不变变)。 2实验实验 目的 验证验证 猜想：小车车所受合外力不变时变时 ，小车车的质质量 越大，加速度就越小；反
17、之，质质量越小，加速度就越大 。 3实验实验 器材 一个带带有刻度尺的斜面，一辆辆四轮轮小车车，一块块秒表 ，弹弹簧测测力计计。 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 返回 E
18、valuation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 返回 5实验结论实验结论 通过对实验过对实验 数据的分析可知：当物体所受 合外力一定时时，物体的加速度随物体质质量的增 大而逐渐渐减小。 E
19、valuation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 返回 2研究质质量与加速度的关系时时，要注意保证证不变变的 是 ( ) A小车车所受的合力 B小车车的质质量 C小车车运动动的速度 D小车车
20、的位移 解析：研究质质量与加速度的关系，须须保持小车车所 受的合力不变变。 答案：A Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 返回 Evaluation only.Evaluat
21、ion only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 返回 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5
22、.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 返回 例 在水平路面上，一个大人推一辆辆重车车M，一 个小孩推一辆轻车辆轻车 m，各自做匀加速直线线运动动(阻力不 计计)。甲、乙两同学在一起议论议论 ，甲同学说说：大人的推 力大，小孩的推力小，因此重车车的加速度大；乙同学说说 ：重车质车质 量大，轻车质轻车质 量小，因此轻车轻车 的加速度大。 你认为认为 他们们
23、的说说法是否正确？请简请简 述理由。 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 返回 解析 甲、乙两同学的结论结论 和理由都不全面和充 分。物体的加速度决定于物体所受的合外力和物体
24、的质质 量，大人的推力虽虽然大，但车车的质质量也大，因而 aM不一 定就大；小车车的质质量小，但小孩的推力也小，因而am 也 不一定大。判断谁谁的加速度大，只有根据物体所受合外 力以及自身质质量两方面来考虑虑才能得出正确的结论结论 。 答案 见见解析 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004
25、-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 返回 借题发挥题发挥 控制变变量法是我们们在整个物理学习习中常用到的 一种科学探究方法，在研究多个变变量之间间的关系时时 ，应应用“控制变变量法”进进行判断，才能得出正确的结结 论论。 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile
26、 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 返回 既然力是影响加速度的因素，我们们用较较小的力推 课课桌，课课桌却不运动动，这这是为为什么？ 解析：我们们用很小的力推课课桌，课课桌受到了静 摩擦力。课课桌不动动是因为课为课 桌受到的合力为为零，课课 桌的运动动状态态不变变，仍保持原来的静止状态态。 答案：见见解析 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Pro
27、file 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 返回 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profil
28、e 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 返回 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 返回 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.