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1、Unit 4,Earthquakes,核心单词,earthquake,quake,burst,event,1._ n.地震_ n.震动；地震,2._ vi.爆裂；爆发,n.突然破裂；爆发,3._ n.事件；大事 4._ n.国家；民族；国民_ adj.国家的； 民族的；全国的_ n.国籍,5._ n.废墟；毁灭,vt.毁灭；使破产_,adj.(建筑物)毁坏了的；严重受损的,nation,national,nationality,ruin,ruined,6._ n.苦难；痛苦_ vt.& vi.遭受；忍受；,经历_ n.患者；受难者,7._ adj.极度的_ adv.极其；非常 8._ vt.损
2、害；伤害_ adj.受伤的_,n.伤害，损害；受伤,9._ n.幸存者；生还者；残存物_ vt.& vi.,幸存；存活下来_ n.生存；存活；幸存,10._ vt.破坏；毁坏；消灭_ n.破坏者；,毁灭者_ n.破坏；毁灭,suffering,suffer,sufferer,extreme,extremely,injure,injured,injury,survivor,survive,survival,destroy,destroyer,destruction,11._ adj.无用的；无效的；无益的_ adj.,有用的,useless,useful,shock,shocking,12._
3、vt.& vi.(使)震惊；震动,n.休克；打击；震惊,_ adj.令人震惊的_ adj.震惊的 13._ n.& vt.援救；营救_ n.救援者,14._ vt.使陷入困境,n.陷阱；困境,15._ n.电；电流；电学_ adj.电的； 带电的_ adj.用电的；与电有关的 16._ n.灾难；灾祸 17._ vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏,shocked,rescue,rescuer,trap,electricity,electric,electrical,disaster,bury,18._ n.矿；矿山；矿井_ n.矿工 19._ n.& vt.损失；损害 20._ vt.使惊吓；吓唬_ ad
4、j.受惊的； 受恐吓的_ adj.令人恐惧的_ n.惊吓； 吓唬 21._ n.祝贺；(复数)贺词_ v.祝贺 22._ adv.真诚地；真挚地_ adj.真诚,的；真挚的,mine,miner,damage,n.快车；速递_,23._ vt.表示；表达 n.表达；表情,frighten,frightened,frightening,fright,sincerely,sincere,congratulation,congratulate,express,expression,常考短语,1._ away 立刻；马上,2._ if 仿佛；好像,3.at an _ 结束；终结,4.in _ 严重受损
5、；破败不堪,5._ out 掘出；发现,6.a (great) _ of 许多；大量的 7.be _ of 以而自豪 8._ away from 从逃离 9._ money 筹钱；募捐,right,as,end,ruins,dig,number,proud,get,raise,经典佳句,What,do,you,think,1._ _ _ _ will happen before an earthquake? 发生地震前你认为会发生什么事？ 2.In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were _ _ _ _. 农场里的鸡和猪太恐,慌以至
6、不吃东西。,too,nervous,to,eat,3.It _ _ _ the world was at an,end！仿佛到了世界末日！,seemed,as,if,4.All hope _ _ lost.不是所有的希望都破灭,了。,was,not,whose,homes,5.Workers built shelters for survivors _ _ had been destroyed.救援人员为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起了避 难所。,课文回顾,A terrible earthquake hit the city of Tangshan on July 28, 1976, in whic
7、h thousands of people died and many 1._ (injure).Many houses fell down and sand filled the wells instead 2._ water.People were 3._ (great) shocked.All the electricity in the city was cut off and people began to wonder how long the disaster 4._ (will) last.The whole city was completely 5._ (destroy)
8、and the world seemed at an end. The people of Tangshan didnt lose hope 6._ 150,000 soldiers were sent to help the rescue workers.The soldiers tried,were injured,of,greatly,would,destroyed,because,their best to dig out those who 7._ (trap).They also built shelters for the survivors.Fresh water was ta
9、ken to the city by every means.Slowly, the city began to come back 8._ life. It was said that before the quake, strange things were happening in the countryside.The water in the village 9._ (well) rose and fell.Fish jumped out of the ponds.Strange noises were heard in the sky, but people 10._ (think
10、) little of them.,were trapped,to,wells,thought,单句语法填空,were used,trapped,injured,shocked,1.(2017 年新课标卷语法填空)Steam engines _ (use) to pull the carriages. 2.Thousands of soldiers were sent there to rescue those _ (trap) in the building. 3.(2018 年北京卷阅读理解 A)One of my ankles was _ (injure) and this meant
11、not running for two weeks. 4.Kate was deeply _ (shock) to hear of his sudden death.,5.He is a person who thinks little _ his own interest. 6.Hearing the news, the girl rushed to the school right _. 7.The earthquake left the whole town _ ruins. 8.(2017 年北京卷 单项填空)Peter, please send us postcards _ well
12、 know where you have visited. 9.(2018 年新课标卷阅读理解 A)Explore the monuments and memorials on the _ (nation) Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. 10.It was a _ (frighten) night.,of,away,in,so,National,frightening,1.burst vi.(burst, burst)爆裂；爆发,n.突然破裂；爆发,burst forth 突然出现；突然爆发出；
13、突然喊出 a burst of laughter 一阵笑声 burst in on sb./sth.闯进；打断，扰乱(某人或某事) burst into tears/laughter/flames burst out crying/laughing/burning 突然大哭/大笑/燃烧 burst into (a room) 闯进(房间),易混辨析,burst 和 break,burst 和 break 都指“打破；破裂”，burst 强调因为内部力 量而爆发、破裂；break 则强调从外部去打破。,运用,单句语法填空,into,crying,laughter,(1)He burst _ my
14、 room without knocking at the door, which made me very angry. (2)She burst out _ (cry) for a while, and burst into _ (laugh) for another moment, which left us at a loss.,2.injure vt.损害；伤害 injured adj.受伤的 the injured 伤员,injury n.伤害；损伤,do sb.an injurydo an injury to sb.伤害某人 写作佳句,(1)If you injure consc
15、ience，it will have its revenge on you.伤,害良心，将受到良心的严惩。,(2)(2017 年新课标卷 阅读理解 D)These chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm.这些化 学物质来自植物的受伤部位，(对周围的植物)好像是一种警报。,易混辨析,injure, hurt, damage, harm 和 wound,(1)injure 指在意外事故中受伤。 (2)hurt 强调精神或情感上受伤害或肉体疼痛。也可指因为 自身原因而身体上受伤。 (3)da
16、mage 通常指物体有所损失。 (4)harm 指对身体有损害，比较常用。 (5)wound 一般指刀伤、枪伤等外伤。,运用,用上面的辨析词的适当形式填空,(1)What you said _ him deeply. (2)The soldier received a _ in the leg. (3)The child was badly _ in the accident. (4)The sunlight will _ your skin. (5)Last summer, a hailstorm _ ten square kilometers of good lands.,hurt,wou
17、nd,injured,harm,damaged,3.bury vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏；使陷入；沉浸；覆盖 bury sth.in.把某物埋在,bury oneself in.埋头于，专心于 be buried in sth./doing sth.专心于(做)某事 联想发散,表示“埋头做”的表达有：be devoted to sth./doing sth.;,be absorbed in sth./doing sth.; be occupied with sth./in doing sth. 等。,运用,用 bury 的适当形式填空,(1)He walked slowly with his ha
18、nd _ (bury) in his,pocket.,buried,burying,was buried,Burying,(2)The girl was sitting on the bench in the park, _ (bury) her head in the book in her hands. (3)They think she _ (bury) in the desert, along with a few others. (4)_ (bury) himself in study, he wasnt aware that all the others had left.,4.r
19、escue n.& vt.援救；营救 in a rescue 在营救中,come to ones rescue/the rescue of sb.给予某人援助 rescue services/workers 救援工作/人员 rescue sb./sth.from sb./sth.从营救 联想发散,表示“给予某人帮助”可用 come to ones rescue/aid/,assistance/help 等表达。,运用,完成句子，每空一词,(1)抢救人员冲向飞机坠毁的现场。 _ _ rushed to the site of the plane crash. (2)他从失火的建筑物内救出了三个孩
20、子。 He _ three children _ the burning building. (3)他从桥上跳入水中去营救那个溺水儿童。 He dived off the bridge and came to the _ _ the drowning child.,Rescue,workers,rescued,from,rescue,of,5.ruin n.废墟；毁灭,v.毁坏；使破产,come/fall into ruin(因缺乏照料)衰落，败落 bring.to ruin 使失败；使毁坏 be/lie in ruins 成为废墟 ruin sb./sth./oneself 毁坏某人/某物/
21、某人自己 写作佳句 Wasting time doing nothing is to ruin ourselves. 无所事事就 是自我毁灭。,运用,单句语法填空,to ruin,himself,(1)(2018 年新课标 卷 七选五型阅读理解 )Who would want _ (ruin) their good workout by eating junk food? (2)Drunk driving not only ruined _ (he) but also killed several passers-by.,1.right away 立刻；马上 right now 此时；立即 a
22、t once 立刻；立即,immediately 立即；马上；直接地 in no time 马上；立即；即将,without delay 及时；赶快；立刻,用法指引 (1)right now 既表示“立刻；马上”，也可表示“现在”。 (2)at once 既表示“立刻；马上”，还可表示“同时”。 (3)immediately 既是副词，也可用作连词，引导从句，相 当于 as soon as。,运用,完成句子，每空一词,(1)他没有马上回答我的问题。 He didnt answer my question _ _. (2)我马上还书。 Ill return the book _ _. (3)(2
23、018 年浙江卷完形填空)我到家的时候，只有几个小时 用来做作业，我必须马上开始做作业。 By the time I got home, I only had a few hours to do my homework, and I had to do it _ _. (4)一吃完茶点，他就匆忙起身外出。 _ he had finished tea, he rose to go out hurriedly.,right/right/at,away/now/once,right,away/now,right,Immediately,now/away,2.at an end 结束；终结,come/
24、draw to an end 结束；完结,make an end of sth.put an end to sth.结束或终结某事物 in the end 最后；终于,at the end of 在末尾；在结束时 by the end of 到结束时；到末尾时 without end 永远的；没有完结的,end in (doing) sth.以(做)某事结束或告终 end to end 头并头，尾并尾；首尾衔接 end up doing sth.结束；完事；最终做某事 end (up) with 以结束,用法指引,to,an,end,an,at an end 常用作表语，表示“完了；了结”。,
25、运用,同义句转换，每空一词,The meeting was at an end. The meeting _ _ _ _.(come) We _ the meeting _ _ _.(bring) We _ _ _ _ the meeting./We _ the meeting _ _ _.(put),put,an,end,to,put,to,an,end,came,brought,to,end,3.in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪；毁灭 lie/be in ruins 成为废墟,come/get to ruin 毁灭；落空,bring sth.to ruin 使毁灭；使落空 fall i
26、nto ruin 成为废墟；破败 get ruined 毁坏,ruin oneself 毁掉自己 用法指引,与 harm，destroy 相比较，ruin 是指破坏最严重的，几乎无 法复原的，既指对城市、建筑物的破坏，也指对人的方方面面 的破坏、毁坏。,运用,单句语法填空,ruins,yourself,ruined,(1)With time going on, the castle which once was very beautiful is now completely in _ (ruin). (2)If youre addicted to computer games, youll
27、ruin _ (you) at last. (3)If you go on like this, what you have got will get _ (ruin).,4.a (great) number of 许多；大量的 in number 总共；在数字上 the number of 的数量/目 to the number of 合计数为 联想发散,表示“许多”的短语可分为三类：,(1)修饰可数名词：a large/great/good number of, a good/great many, quite a few, dozens of, scores of, many a单数可数
28、名词。 (2)修饰不可数名词：a good/great deal of, a large amount of,quite a little。,(3)修饰可数或不可数名词：a lot of, lots of, a large quantity,of, large quantities of, plenty of。,易混辨析,a (great) number of 和 the number of,(1)a (great) number of 意为“许多；大量的”，后面常跟复 数可数名词，谓语动词用复数形式。 (2)the number of 意为“的数量/目”，后面也跟复数可 数名词，但谓语动词用
29、单数形式。,运用,用 be 动词的适当形式填空,(1)The number of teachers present at the meeting _,200.,is/was,are/were,(2)A number of teachers _ present at the meeting.,完成句子，每空一词 (3)我向那儿的孩子捐献了许多书。 I gave away _ _ _ _ books,to the children there.,a,great,number,of,(4)我们学校学生的数量从 1000 名增加到 1500 多名。 _ _ _ the students in our
30、school has,grown from 1,000 to more than 1,500.,The,number,of,原句 1,Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide.,老鼠跑出田地，寻找地方躲藏。 looking for places to hide 为现在分词(短语)在句中做伴随状 语，表示其动作与句子谓语动词的动作同时发生或与主语构成 主动关系。,运用,单句语法填空,doing,reading,featuring,(1)I enjoyed myself in the ocean of knowledge，eithe
31、r _ (do) research for my papers or _ (read) special edition books. (2)Impression West Lake _ (feature) the local culture of Hangzhou and unique charm of West Lake, is one of Chinas Top Seven Shows.,原句 2,It seemed as if the world was at an end！仿佛到了世,界末日！ (1)as ifas though 意为“仿佛；好像”，既可以引导让步 状语从句，也可以引导
32、表语从句。当说话者认为句子所述的是 不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时，从句用虚拟语气， 其动词时态的形式如下：从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词 用一般过去时；从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用“had 过去分词”；从句表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用 “would/could/might动词原形”。,(2)如果所引导的从句表示的情况是真实或极有可能发生 的情况，从句使用陈述语气。 (3)如果所引导的从句的主语与主句的主语相同，而且含有 be 动词时，从句可以省略主语跟 be 动词，直接接表语(名词、 形容词、不定式、介词短语或分词等)。,运用,单句语法填空,had done,to say,
33、were broken,(1)It was John who broke the window.Why are you talking to me as if I _ (do) it? (2)He opened his mouth as if (he were) _ (say) something. (3)When a pencil is partly put into water ， it looks as if it _ (break).,原句 3,Thousands of families were killed and many children,were left without p
34、arents.成千上万个家庭遇难，许许多多的孩 子变成了孤儿。 were left without parents 是被动结构，without parents 是介词 短语，在句中做主语的补语，表示主语的状态。此处使用的是 “leave sb./sth.宾语补足语”结构，可做宾语补足语的词有分 词、不定式、介词短语、形容词和副词等。,运用,单句语法填空,open,homeless,seated,(1)He came in, leaving the door _ (open). (2)The young couple were killed in the accident, leaving tw
35、o children _ (home). (3)All the students have gone, leaving him _ (seat) alone in the classroom. (4)Our teacher went away angrily and left some questions,_ (answer).,unanswered,运用所学语言基础知识，补充完整下面短文，并背诵下来 At 3：42 a.m.everything began to shake.It seemed as if the world was at an end！Eleven kilometers 1
36、._ (direct) below,the city, and the 2._ (great) earthquake of the 20th century have begun.It was felt in Beijing, 3._ is more than two hundred kilometers away.One third of the nation felt it.A huge crack that was eight kilometers long and thirty meters wide cut 4._ houses, roads and canals.Steam bur
37、st from holes in the ground.Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt.In fifteen terrible,directly,greatest,which,across,seconds a large city 5._ (lie) in ruins.The suffering of the people 6._ (be) extreme.Two-thirds of them died or 7._ (injure) during the earthquake.Thousands of families were killed
38、 and many 8._ (child) were left without parents.9._ number of people who were killed or seriously injured reached more than 400,000.Then, later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan.More buildings fell down.Water, food, and electricity were hard 10._ (get).People began to wonder how long the disaster would last.,lay,was,were injured,children,The,to get,