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1、Unit 3 Science and nature,基础知识,考点知识,基础知识梳理 抓主干固双基,1. n.意图,目的;企图 v.意欲;打算 2. vt.收养;采用 n.采纳 3. n.结果,后果 adj.作为结果的 adv.所以,因此 4. n.多数,大多数 v.主修 adj.主要的,intention,intend,adopt,adoption,consequence,consequent,consequently,majority,major,5. vt.偏爱 adj.有利的 7. n.利润 vi.& vt.获益 adj.有益的 8. n.准许,许可,批准 vt.准许,允许 n.许可证
2、,执照 9. vt.使惊吓,使惊恐 adj.受惊的 adj.令人害怕的,confirm,favour,favourable,profit,profitable,permission,permit,frighten,frightened,frightening,10. adj.精确的,准确的 adv.精确地,确切地 11. n.判断力;看法 v.判断;评价 n.法官,裁判 12. n.关系;亲戚 v.相关 13. adj.短暂的;简洁的 adv.简单地;简短地 14. n.忧虑,焦虑,不安 adj.忧虑的,exact,exactly,judgement,judge,relation,relate
3、,brief,briefly,anxiety,anxious,15. adj.合法的 adv.合法地 16. vt.首创的 adv.原本,起初,legal,legally,harvest,transform,concept,crime,criminal,breakthrough,original,originally,22. vt.实施;指挥乐队 n.行为,举动 23. n.仔细考虑;体谅 v.考虑 24. adj.普通的,一般的 25. adj.准确的,精确的 adv.准确地 26. n.一系列 27.summary n._ 28.insert vt._,conduct,considerat
4、ion,consider,ordinary,accurate,accurately,chain,总结;概括,概要,插入,嵌入,1.push ahead 努力推进 2.be/get burnt 耗尽体力,累垮 3.take. consideration 认真考虑 4.point view 观点 5. the one hand. 一方面另一 the other hand. 方面 6.toy 戏弄,摆弄 7.in favour 赞同,支持,对有利 8.follow ones footsteps 效仿某人 9. sale 供出售,待销售,with,out,into,of,on,on,with,of,i
5、n,for,1. cloning human embryos is not legal in many countries, some scientists are already pushing ahead with research in order to produce a cloned human baby.尽管克隆人类胚胎在很多 国家还不合法,但一些科学家正在加紧研究,以制造出克隆的人类 婴儿。 2. is this with genetically modified (GM) food.转基因食品就是最好的例子。,While,Nowhere,truer,than,1.intenti
6、on n.意图,目的;企图,考点知识导练 解疑难提知能,英文典例: He left England with the intention of travelling in Africa. 他离开英国,打算去非洲旅行。 But when Dennis Williams received a text that clearly wasnt intended for him,he did something special.(2018全国,完形填空) 但是当Dennis Williams收到一条明显不是发给他的短信时,他做了一些特 别的事。 I fully intended to pay for t
7、he damage. 我确实诚心想赔偿损失。,写作联想:典例其他表达方式 The book is specially written for children. The book is specially designed for children. The book is specially offered to children.,即学即用:完成句子 我不想在画还没有完成前就让她看到。 I didnt the painting until it was finished. 我无意去参加婚礼。 I have of going to the wedding.,答案:intend her to
8、see no intention,2.adopt vt.收养,领养;采用,采纳,英文典例: All three teams adopted different approaches to the problem. 三个队处理这个问题的方法各不相同。 Danny is their adopted son. 丹尼是他们的养子。,词语辨析:,She was forced to have her baby adopted. 她被迫把婴儿给别人收养。 Its amazing how soon you adapt. 你这么快就适应了,真让人难以置信。,即学即用:完成句子 总经理再三考虑之后,决定采纳她的建
9、议。 After much deliberation,the president decided to her suggestion. 几个月过后这个孩子渐渐适应了他的新生活。 After a few months,the child came to to his new life.,答案:adopt adapt,3.consequence n.结果,后果,英文典例: Two hundred people lost their jobs as a direct consequence of the merger. 合并一事直接导致二百人失去了工作。 The child was born def
10、ormed in consequence of an injury to its mother. 由于母亲受过伤,这小孩生下来是畸形。,即学即用:句型转换 The rain was heavy and consequently the land was flooded. The rain was heavy and ,the land was flooded. The land was flooded the heavy rain.,答案:as a consequence as a consequence of,4.majority n.多数,大多数,英文典例: The majority of
11、 them take an online language test before starting their programme.(2016天津,阅读理解A) 他们中的大多数(学生)在开始课程之前,要参加网上语言测试。 She majored in History at Stanford. 她在斯坦福主修历史。,答案:The majority of the students in a/the majority,即学即用:完成句子 大多数学生都喜欢流行音乐。 are fond of popular music. 女性在护理行业中占大多数。 In the nursing profession,
12、women are .,5.confirm vt.使确信,confirm sth.证明/证实某事;确认某事 confirm that/wh-从句 证明/证实 It has been confirmed that.已经确定/证实,英文典例: Before choices are finalised,parents/carers will be asked to sign to confirm their childs choices.(2018全国,阅读理解A) 在选择被完成之前,父母/监护人将被要求签字来确认他们孩子的选择。 Has everyone confirmed (that) they
13、re coming? 他们是不是每个人都肯定过一定会来? It has been confirmed that the meeting will take place next week. 已经确定会议将于下个星期召开。,即学即用:翻译句子 你能证明他诚实吗? The news of his death was later confirmed by the local police.,答案:Can you confirm his honesty?/Can you confirm that he is honest? 他死亡的消息后来得到了当地警方的证实。,6.favour(=favor) n.
14、赞同,支持;恩惠,帮助;偏爱,偏袒,英文典例: He argued in favour of a strike. 他据理力争,主张罢工。 Could you do me a favour and pick up Sam from school today? 今天你能帮我个忙去学校接萨姆吗?,即学即用:完成句子 她妈妈根本不支持她的婚姻。 Her mother is not her marriage at all. 请你帮我个忙好吗? Can I ,please? 帮助我摆脱困难,你真是太好了。 Its very kind of you to to get out of the trouble.
15、,答案:in favour of ask you a favour do me a favour,7.profit n.利润,收益 vi.对有用,英文典例: The company made a healthy profit of $106m last year. 公司去年获得1.06亿元的厚利。 We tried to profit by our mistakes. 我们努力从错误中吸取教训。,词语辨析:,He sold the house at a healthy profit. 他以高利润卖掉了房子。 He thought he would benefit from going to s
16、chool. 他认为上学对他有好处。,即学即用:句型转换 Buying a large house at present will profit you. You will buying a large house at present.,答案:profit by/from或benefit by/from,8.permission n.准许,许可,批准,英文典例: She took the car without permission. 她未经许可擅自使用了汽车。 Cash machines permit you to withdraw money at any time. 取款机可让你随时取
17、款。,The government has already permitted the company to use special materials to make it easier for the vehicle to fly. (2017全国,阅读理解C) 政府已经批准公司使用特殊材料来使汽车飞行更容易。,即学即用:句型转换 Students cant stay away at night without permission. We dont permit students at night. We dont permit students at night.,答案:staying
18、 away to stay away,9.push ahead with义无反顾地进行,努力推进,英文典例: The government is pushing ahead with its electoral reforms. 政府正坚定地推行选举改革。 Try and push your way through the crowd. 试着从人群中挤过去。 He pushed aside the feelings of fear. 他排除了恐惧。,即学即用:完成句子 尽管有人反对,他们仍大力推进修建新机场的计划。 Despite opposition,they are their schem
19、e for a new airport. 比赛从午后两点延迟到四点才开始。 The start of the game was from 2 p.m. to 4 p.m.,答案:pushing ahead with pushed back,10.be/get burnt out耗尽体力,累垮;燃尽,被烧空,英文典例: By the age of 25 she was completely burned out and retired from the sport. 她到25岁时就已体力耗尽,退出了体坛。 The house burned down in 1995. 那所房子在1995年被烧毁。
20、 特别提示:be/get tired out以及be worn out也可表示“累坏了;累垮了”。,即学即用:语法填空 The village was burnt to the ground during the war. If he doesnt stop working so hard,hell burn himself . His bad behaviour to me really burns me .,答案:down out up,11.take.into consideration仔细考虑;体谅,顾及,英文典例: Taking everything into considerati
21、on,the event was a great success. 总的说来,这项活动取得了极大的成功。 The proposals are currently under consideration. 那些提案目前正在审议中。,即学即用:完成句子 如果考虑到他生病这么长时间,他已表现得很不错了。 He performed quite well if you it that he had been ill for so long a time. 你的建议还在考虑中。 Your suggestion is still .,答案:take;into consideration under cons
22、ideration,12.point of view 观点,英文典例: The letter was short and to the point. 这封信简短扼要。 There is no point in getting angry. 发火是没有用的。,即学即用:翻译句子 他正要离开,这时有人敲门。 依我看,这事不能同意。,答案:He was on the point of leaving when someone knocked at the door. This is unacceptable from my point of view.,13.While cloning human
23、embryos is not legal in many countries,some scientists are already pushing ahead with research in order to produce a cloned human baby. 尽管克隆人类胚胎在很多国家还不合法,但一些科学家正在加紧研究,以制 造出克隆的人类婴儿。 句中的while引导让步状语从句,常放在句首,译作“尽管,虽然”,比 although或though语气要轻。另外,as也可以引导让步状语从句,但需要 倒装。,英文典例: While running regularly cant make
24、 you live forever,the review says it is more effective at lengthening life than walking,cycling or swimming.(2018全国,语法填空) 尽管定期跑步不能让你长生不死,但评论说跑步比散步、骑车或游泳更能有效地延年益寿。,词语辨析:,While she is a likeable girl she can be extremely difficult to work with. 她虽然是一个可爱的姑娘,但很难与她共事。 Though she gave no sign,I was sure s
25、he had seen me. 尽管她没有示意,我还是确信她看见了我。 Try as he might,he couldnt open the door. 他想尽了办法也没能打开门。,即学即用:完成句子 尽管他是个孩子,但他认识很多汉字。 Child he is,he knows a lot of Chinese characters. 真是个大晴天,尽管有点冷。 It is a sunny day, (it is) cold.,答案:as/though though/although,14.Nowhere is this truer than with genetically modifie
26、d (GM) food. 转基因食品就是最好的例子。 本句以否定词nowhere开头,为倒装语序。,英文典例: Little did he know that the police were around. 他一点儿也不知道警察就在旁边。 By no means will I surrender.我决不屈服让步。,即学即用: 完成句子 我一点也不知道她已经离开了。 know that she had already left. 他刚一开始说话他父亲就制止了他。 begun to speak when his father stopped him. 宝宝睡着后妈妈才离开房间。 the baby fell asleep Mom leave the room.,答案:Little did I Hardly had he Not until;did,谢谢观赏！,