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1、ANSI C63.7-2005 (Revision of ANSI C63.7-1992) American National Standard Guide for Construction of Open-Area Test Sites for Performing Radiated Emission Measurements I E E E 3 Park Avenue New York, NY 10016-5997, USA 7 April 2006 Accredited by the American National Standards Institute Sponsored by t
2、he Accredited Standards Committee on Electromagnetic Compatibility, C63 Authorized licensed use limited to: Peking University. Downloaded on December 26,2010 at 16:21:52 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply. Authorized licensed use limited to: Peking University. Downloaded on December 26,2010 at
3、 16:21:52 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply. ANSI C63.7-2005 (Revision of ANSI C63.7-1992) American National Standard Guide for Construction of Open-Area Test Sites for Performing Radiated Emission Measurements Accredited Standards Committee on Electromagnetic Compatibility, C63 accredited by
4、 the American National Standards Institute Secretariat Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers, Inc. Approved 7 October 2005 American National Standards Institute Abstract: Information that is useful in constructing an open-area test site used to perform radiated emission measurements in th
5、e frequency range of 30 MHz to 1000 MHz is provided. Final validity of the test site can only be made by performing site attenuation measurements as described in ANSI C63.4-2003. Keywords: emission measurement, open-area test sites, radiated emission measurement _ The Institute of Electrical and Ele
6、ctronics Engineers, Inc. 3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USA Copyright 2006 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. All rights reserved. Published 7 April 2006. Printed in the United States of America. Print: ISBN 0-7381-4907-1 SH95518 PDF: ISBN 0-7381-4908-X SS95518 N
7、o part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Authorized licensed use limited to: Peking University. Downloaded on December 26,2010 at 16:21:52 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
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12、ectronics Engineers, Inc., provided that the appropriate fee is paid to Copyright Clearance Center. To arrange for payment of licensing fee, please contact Copyright Clearance Center, Customer Service, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923 USA; (978) 750-8400. Permission to photocopy portions of any
13、 individual standard for educational classroom use can also be obtained through the Copyright Clearance Center. Authorized licensed use limited to: Peking University. Downloaded on December 26,2010 at 16:21:52 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply. Introduction This introduction is not part of AN
14、SI C63.7-2005, American National Standard Guide for Construction of Open- Area Test Sites for Performing Radiated Emission Measurements. ANSI C63.4, American National Standard Methods of Measurement of Radio-Noise Emissions from Low- Voltage Electrical and Electronic Equipment in the Range of 9 kHz
15、to 40 GHz, has undergone several revisions since the original document covering methods of measurement was produced in 1940. While many improvements were made in this standard up to the current version published in early 2004, the reproducibility of measurements or radiated interference from one ope
16、n-area test site (OATS) to another had not been completely satisfactory. In 1982, a concerted effort was organized in Subcommittee One of Accredited Standards Committee C63, to determine how the OATS technique could be improved. Evidence showed that the variability at the time was due, in part, to i
17、nadequate: a) control of the site ground plane conductivity, its flatness, site enclosure effects, and certain other characteristics; b) accounting for antenna factors, associated cabling, and balun and equipment under test (EUT) characteristics; and c) consideration of mutual coupling effects betwe
18、en the EUT and the receiving antennas and their images in the conducting ground plane. Accordingly, after over five years of deliberations and investigations, ANSI C63.4 was revised. In the same year, ANSI C63.5 (American National Standard for Radiated Emission Measurements in Electromagnetic Interf
19、erence (EMI) ControlCalibration of Antennas), ANSI C63.6 (American National Standard for Open Area Test Site MeasurementsGuide for Computation of Errors), and ANSI C63.7 (American National Standard Guide for Construction of Open Areas Test Sties for Performing Radiated Emission, Measurements) were f
20、irst published. All of this occurred in 1988. In 1992, the next edition of ANSI C63.7 was published. That update included improvements to the text resulting from experience testing at an OATS, which even today serves as the reference test site for performing radiated emission measurements. These mea
21、surements continue to be used to determine product compliance to radiated emission limits, although there are other test facilities that are used such as semianechoic chambers, which replicate an OATS as both have conductive ground planes and both are validated using the normalized site attenuation
22、technique contained in ANSI C63.4. This edition of ANSI C63.7 further improves on the 1992 edition by clarifying and elaborating how: a) cables from the receiving antenna should be routed; b) the metal conducting ground plane should be treated when exposed to the weather; c) choices can be made for
23、the ground plane material; and d) the slope of the ground plane affects the test site. The following members of the C63 Committee served as task group leaders on this revision: Donald N. Heirman Edwin L. Bronaugh iii Copyright 2006 IEEE. All rights reserved. Authorized licensed use limited to: Pekin
24、g University. Downloaded on December 26,2010 at 16:21:52 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply. Participants At the time this guide was published, the Accredited Standards Committee on Electromagnetic Compatibility, C63, had the following membership: Ralph M. Showers, Chair Donald N. Heirman, Vic
25、e Chair Robert L. Pritchard, IEEE Secretariat Organization Represented Name of Representative Alliance for Telecom Industry Solutions (ATIS).Chrys Chrysanthou James Turner (Alt.) American Council of Independent Laboratories (ACIL)Michael F. Violette William Stumpf (Alt.) American Radio Relay League
26、(ARRL).Dennis Bodson Edward F. Hare (Alt.) Cisco Systems.Werner Schaefer Curtis-Straus LLC Jon Curtis Jonathan Stewart (Alt.) Dell Inc.Barry R. Wallen Richard Worley (Alt.) ETS-Lindgren.Michael Foegelle Zhong Chen (Alt.) Federal Communications Commission (FCC)William Hurst Food and Drug Administrati
27、on (FDA).Jon P. Casamento Jeffrey L. Silberberg (Alt.) Hewlett-Packard Company.Kenneth Hall Colin Brench (Alt.) Information Technology Industry Council (ITIC)John Hirvela Joshua Rosenberg (Alt.) Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)Donald N. Heirman IEEE-EMCS.Stephen Berger
28、Donald Sweeney (Alt.) Lucent Technologies Dheena. Moogilan National Institute of Standards and Technology.Dennis Camell Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE)Poul Andersen TUV-America, IncDavid Zimmerman Joel Schneider (Alt.) Underwriters LaboratoriesMichael Windler Robert Delisi (Alt.) U.S. Dept. of
29、 DefenseJoint Spectrum Center.Marcus Shellman Joseph Snyder (Alt.) U.S. Dept. of the NavySPAWAR.David Southworth Members-at-LargeRobert Hofmann Daniel Hoolihan Warren Kesselman* John Lichtig Herbert Mertel* Ralph M. Showers Norman Violette* *Member Emeritus iv Copyright 2006 IEEE. All rights reserve
30、d. Authorized licensed use limited to: Peking University. Downloaded on December 26,2010 at 16:21:52 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply. Contents 1. Scope 1 2. Normative references 1 3. Definitions 2 4. General considerations . 2 5. Obstruction-free area 2 6. Ground plane 5 6.1 Size and shape
31、of ground plane. 5 6.2 Smoothness of ground plane 5 6.3 Ground-plane material. 6 6.4 Ground-plane earthing. 7 7. Measurement facilities 7 7.1 Turntables 7 7.2 Services to EUT. 7 7.3 Receiving antenna mast installation 8 7.4 Location of personnel and radio-noise meter. 8 7.5 Services to the radio-noi
32、se meter. 9 8. Weather-protection enclosure. 9 8.1 Construction recommendations. 9 8.2 Materials and fasteners 9 8.3 Internal arrangements 10 8.4 Size 10 8.5 Uniformity with time and weather. 10 8.6 Other considerations 10 Annex A (informative) Fresnel ellipse. 11 Annex B (informative) The Rayleigh
33、criterion. 13 Annex C (informative) Bibliography 15 v Copyright 2006 IEEE. All rights reserved. Authorized licensed use limited to: Peking University. Downloaded on December 26,2010 at 16:21:52 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply. Authorized licensed use limited to: Peking University. Downloade
34、d on December 26,2010 at 16:21:52 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply. American National Standard Guide for Construction of Open-Area Test Sites for Performing Radiated Emission Measurements 1. 2. Scope This guide provides information that is useful in constructing an open-area test site (OATS)
35、 used to perform radiated emission measurements in the frequency range of 30 MHz to 1000 MHz. Final validity of the test site can only be made by performing site attenuation measurements described in ANSI C63.4- 2003,1 section 5.4.6. Normative references The following standards should be consulted w
36、hen validating an OATS. ANSI C63.4-2003, American National Standard Methods of Measurement of Radio-Noise Emissions from Low-Voltage Electrical and Electronic Equipment in the Range of 9 kHz to 40 GHz.2 ANSI C63.5-2006, American National Standard for Calibration of Antennas Used for Radiated Emissio
37、n Measurements in Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) Control. ANSI C63.14-1998, American National Standard Dictionary for Technologies of Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC), Electromagnetic Pulse (EMP), and Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) (Dictionary of EMC/EMP/ESD Terms and Definitions). 1 For infor
38、mation on references, see Clause 2. 2 ANSI C63 publications are available from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 445 Hoes Lane, P.O. Box 1331, Piscataway, NJ 08855-1331, USA (http:/standards.ieee.org/), or from the Sales Department, American National Standards Institute, 11 West
39、 42nd Street, New York, NY 10036, USA (http:/www.ansi.org/). 1 Copyright 2006 IEEE. All rights reserved. Authorized licensed use limited to: Peking University. Downloaded on December 26,2010 at 16:21:52 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply. ANSI C63.7-2005 GUIDE FOR CONSTRUCTION OF OPEN-AREA TES
40、T SITES FOR PERFORMING RADIATED EMISSION MEASUREMENTS 3. 4. 5. Definitions For the purposes of this guide, see ANSI C63.14-1998. General considerations Section 5.1 through 5.4.5 of ANSI C63.4-2003 list general conditions for test sites and, in particular, OATSs. To summarize, radiated emission tests
41、 can be performed in an open, flat area of cleared, level terrain. Alternate sites might include a raised platform; rooftop site; an open area such as a large factory floor, relatively clear of obstructions that could adversely affect the measurements; or an effectively absorber-lined shielded room
42、that is also free of undesired reflections from the walls and ceiling. The preferred test site is an OATS, which is internationally recognized as the standard for making radiated emission measurements (see B4).3 Such OATSs should be void of buildings, electric lines, fences, trees, etc., and free of
43、 underground cables, pipelines, etc., except when using a metallic ground plane that isolates the adverse effects of such underground metallic objects. Services to operate the equipment under test (EUT) and the cabling to the receive antenna should be trenched into the earth if no metallic ground pl
44、ane is used. The depth of the trench should be such that the cabling will not significantly affect the normalized site attenuation measurement. Clause 5 through Clause 8 describe key recommended characteristics of the test site, the ground plane, instrumentation and EUT services, and all-weather cov
45、ers. These recommendations should be used to ensure adequate test sites. Adequacy is determined by performing normalized site attenuation measurements described in ANSI C63.4-2003, section 5.4.6. Obstruction-free area An obstruction-free area surrounding the EUT and field strength measuring antenna
46、is required. The obstruction-free area should be free from significant scatterers of electromagnetic fields, and should be large enough so that scatterers outside the obstruction-free area will have little effect on the fields measured by the field-strength measuring antenna. The definitive test of
47、the obstruction-free area is to perform normalized site attenuation measurements indicated in ANSI C63.4-2003. Since the magnitude of the field scattered from an obstruction depends on many factors (size of the obstruction, distance from the EUT and receiving antenna, orientation with respect to the
48、 EUT and receiving antenna, conductivity and permittivity of the obstruction, frequency, etc.), it is impossible to specify an obstruction-free area that is necessary and sufficient for all applications. However, a reasonable guide is given in the following paragraphs. The size and shape of the obst
49、ruction-free area are dependent upon the measurement distance and whether or not the EUT will be rotated. If the site is equipped with a turntable, the recommended obstruction-free area is an ellipse with the receiving antenna and EUT at the two foci, and having a major axis equal to twice the measurement distance and a minor axis equal to the product of the measurement distance and the square root of three (see Figure 1). For this ellipse, the path of the undesired ray reflected from any object on the perimeter is twice the length of the dire