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1、AS/NZS 4474.1:2007 (Incorporating Amendment No. 1) Australian/New Zealand Standard Performance of household electrical appliances Refrigerating appliances Part 1: Energy consumption and performance AS/NZS 4474.1:2007 This Joint Australian/New Zealand Standard was prepared by Joint Technical Committe
2、e EL-015, Quality and Performance of Household Electrical Appliances. It was approved on behalf of the Council of Standards Australia on 5 July 2007 and on behalf of the Council of Standards New Zealand on 22 June 2007. This Standard was published on 15 August 2007. The following are represented on
3、Committee EL-015: Australian Consumers Association Australian Electrical and Electronic Manufacturers Association Australian Greenhouse Office, Department of the Environment and Heritage Australian Industry Group Australian Retailers Association Business New Zealand Consumer Electronics Suppliers As
4、sociation Department of Energy, Utilities and Sustainability (NSW) Department of Industrial Relations (Qld) Electrical Compliance Testing Association Energy Efficiency and Conservation Authority of New Zealand Energy Safe Victoria Institution of Professional Engineers New Zealand National Appliance
5、and Equipment Energy Efficiency Committee Testing Interests (Australia) Keeping Standards up-to-date Standards are living documents which reflect progress in science, technology and systems. To maintain their currency, all Standards are periodically reviewed, and new editions are published. Between
6、editions, amendments may be issued. Standards may also be withdrawn. It is important that readers assure themselves they are using a current Standard, which should include any amendments which may have been published since the Standard was purchased. Detailed information about joint Australian/New Z
7、ealand Standards can be found by visiting the Standards Web Shop at .au or Standards New Zealand web site at www.standards.co.nz and looking up the relevant Standard in the on-line catalogue. Alternatively, both organizations publish an annual printed Catalogue with full details of all current Stand
8、ards. For more frequent listings or notification of revisions, amendments and withdrawals, Standards Australia and Standards New Zealand offer a number of update options. For information about these services, users should contact their respective national Standards organization. We also welcome sugg
9、estions for improvement in our Standards, and especially encourage readers to notify us immediately of any apparent inaccuracies or ambiguities. Please address your comments to the Chief Executive of either Standards Australia or Standards New Zealand at the address shown on the back cover. This Sta
10、ndard was issued in draft form for comment as DR 07173. The Standard is downloaded from Standard Sharing AS/NZS 4474.1:2007 (Incorporating Amendment No. 1) Australian/New Zealand Standard Performance of household electrical appliances Refrigerating appliances Part 1: Energy consumption and performa
11、nce COPYRIGHT Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand All rights are reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or copied in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, without the written permission of the publisher. Jointly published by Standards Australia,
12、GPO Box 476, Sydney, NSW 2001 and Standards New Zealand, Private Bag 2439, Wellington 6020 ISBN 0 7337 8298 1 Originated in Australia as AS B1161956. Originated in New Zealand as NZS 6205:1982. Previous edition AS/NZS 4474.1:1997. Second edition 2007. Reissued incorporating Amendment No. 1 (October
13、2008). AS/NZS 4474.1:2007 2 PREFACE This Standard was prepared by the Joint Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand Committee EL-015, Quality and Performance of Household Electrical Appliances to supersede AS/NZS 4474.1:1997 on publication. This Standard incorporates Amendment No. 1 (October 2008)
14、. The changes required by the Amendment are indicated in the text by a marginal bar and amendment number against the clause, note, table, figure or part thereof affected. The AS/NZS 4474 series is comprised of two parts as follows: AS/NZS 4474 Performance of household electrical appliancesRefrigerat
15、ing appliances 4474.1 Part 1: Energy consumption and performance (this Standard) 4474.2 Part 2: Energy labelling and minimum energy performance standard requirements The Parts of AS/NZS 4474 are defined as follows: (a) Part 1 includes all test conditions, requirements for temperature performance and
16、 the method for determination of energy consumption. (b) Part 2 includes algorithms for the calculation of the energy efficiency rating, star rating and comparative energy consumption, performance requirements, details of the energy label and requirements for the valid application thereof. It also c
17、ontains the minimum energy performance standards (MEPS) for refrigerators and freezers. It has been structured to be suitable for reference in regulatory legislation and to be used in conjunction with Part 1. The objective of this series of Standards is to promote high levels of quality, performance
18、 and efficiency in household refrigerating appliances. The objective of this Standard is to provide test laboratories with test methods and minimum performance requirements so that the performance, including energy consumption, of household refrigerating appliances can be measured, compared and eval
19、uated. While this Standard is generally aligned with ISO 15502:2005 in some areas it follows the ANSI/AHAM approach. A summary of differences between this edition and ISO 15502 and the ANSI/AHAM standard is included in the Foreword. This Standard incorporates the following significant changes from t
20、he previous editions of this Standard: (i) The defined terms have been bolded wherever they are used through this Standard. The defined terms could be grouped under appropriate headings, and users seeing a bolded defined term, should also look within the headings and not just look for the specified
21、term in alphabetical order. (ii) Revised group definitionThe definitions of a chest type have been amended to include rules about combination configurations that have now appeared on the market. There are also revised rules to cover appliances with frozen food compartments with different defrost typ
22、es. (iii) The definition of the start of the defrost control cycle has been altered to include any sequence of events that occur prior to the initiation of the defrost heating. The Standard is downloaded from Standard Sharing 3 AS/NZS 4474.1:2007 (iv) The text defining thermal equilibrium and the t
23、est period for temperature operation performance tests and energy consumption has been refined to make its application clearer and now defines stability requirements for tests which include test packages. (v) Reference to testing at 240 V has been deleted as this ceased to be an option with the intr
24、oduction of MEPS 2005. (vi) The definition of adaptive defrost systems has been refined further in this edition. The time between defrosts for an adaptive defrost system is still limited to 24 h for the determination of energy consumption. In the future, experience with adaptive defrost systems may
25、result in appropriate amendments to this approach. (vii) New rules have been introduced regarding the placement of sensors in small, wide/short and very tall compartments. (viii) Many figures have been added or re-drawn, including those showing sensor placement and locations of test packages. The ob
26、jectives of this have been to update the illustrations to show newer typical cabinet configurations, correct errors and to accommodate the changes in (vii). (ix) Although this Standard is not intended to cover wine storage cabinets, a definition covering them has been introduced to clarify the demar
27、cation between cabinets specifically designed for wine storage and those covered by this Standard. (x) With the advent of microprocessors and electronic controls, refrigerating appliances have emerged with various unusual operating patterns. These are patterns that were not displayed by appliances m
28、anaged by electromechanical controls. The emergence of these patterns has necessitated the tightening of test specifications to detect and deal with those patterns that would consequently provide poor food care. It has also been necessary to deal with patterns that give abnormally low energy consump
29、tion in an energy test by modifying or eliminating functions that are otherwise operational in normal use such as anti-sweat heaters. Notice is served that should products appear in the marketplace that meet the letter but not the intent of this Standard, then this Standard will be amended according
30、ly (xi) Another consequence of electronic controls is that adjustments are often made in steps rather than continuously. The Standard has been amended to preclude interpolation to target temperatures where the nearest achievable temperatures are too far from the target values. (xii) With the emergen
31、ce of electronic controls on appliances and the now universal use of electronic data logging for testing, the opportunity has been taken to include all the defrost and recovery temperature profile in the total of the average temperature for energy determination. Analysis of available data has shown
32、that this will have a minimal effect on reported temperatures for normal well managed appliances. It is envisaged that the MEPS checking criteria used by government will be changed to make it clear that all the population of a model rather than just the mean of that population must have a lower ener
33、gy test consumption than MEPS. MEPS values in Part 2 will be adjusted to compensate for that tightening. If the above change in temperature measurement is demonstrated to measurably increase measured energy consumption, any extra MEPS adjustment deemed necessary will be incorporated simultaneously.
34、(xiii) The way of dealing with cabinets containing multiple convenience features has been clarified. (xiv) Integration over time is the only method now allowed for determining average temperatures. AS/NZS 4474.1:2007 4 (xv) The automatic ice-making section has been re-written to align it much more c
35、losely with the US test procedure. The testing is now done without test packs in the compartment. (xvi) Electronically controlled systems are often such that it is not possible to disable defrost heaters without the system detecting that as a fault and responding. To overcome this problem the temper
36、ature performance test has been modified to also take into account defrost that can neither be disabled nor avoided during testing. A test procedure and pass criteria for each alternative is now included. (xvii) Tests for thermal stability have been modified to reduce testing time when it is clear t
37、hat performance is adequate. It has also been modified to cope with some of the less regular cycling that is a characteristic of some electronic control systems. (xviii) Methods for the determination of energy consumption where there are multiple cooling systems has been modified to also apply to ca
38、binets with multiple independent defrost systems. It is envisaged that, with future revisions of this Standard, the two-part method may be required for selected tests. (xix) Intermediate freezer test pack sizes have been added to align with ISO 15502. (xx) Appendix Q introduces a 2 part energy test
39、procedure. Based on the US DOE test method, this sets out a procedure for the calculation of average energy consumption from two (or more) components of energy consumption of a frost free refrigerating appliance. It combines the rate of use during normal running with the rate during an automatic def
40、rost cycle. This allows an accurate estimate of the total energy consumption to be calculated for any elapsed time between defrosts. For this edition of the Standard this method has been provided to give users experience with its application with real test data and appliances. Apart from some of the
41、 cases where there are two or more defrost systems in operation, at this stage it is informative only. It is envisaged that in future editions of the Standard this procedure may become mandatory for other energy testing. Measured values and calculated values determined under this Standard should not
42、 be rounded, except where specified for the purposes of rating or inclusion in a test report. Statements expressed in mandatory terms in notes to tables and figures are deemed to be requirements to this Standard. The terms normative and informative have been used in this Standard to define the appli
43、cation of the Appendix to which they apply. A normative Appendix is an integral part of a Standard, whereas an informative Appendix is only for information and guidance. The Standard is downloaded from Standard Sharing 5 AS/NZS 4474.1:2007 CONTENTS Page FOREWORD7 SECTION 1 SCOPE AND GENERAL 1.1 SCO
44、PE 10 1.2 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS 10 1.3 DEFINITIONS 11 SECTION 2 CLASSIFICATION, MEASUREMENT AND TEST REQUIREMENTS 2.1 SCOPE 21 2.2 CONSIDERATION OF CONVENIENCE FEATURES 21 2.3 CLASSIFICATION OF APPLIANCES. 21 2.4 DEFROST CONTROL CYCLE CHARACTERISTICS 23 2.5 STORAGE SHELF AREA . 24 2.6 GROSS AND STORA
45、GE VOLUMES 24 2.7 TEST ROOM, INSTRUMENTATION AND MATERIALS. 24 2.8 PREPARATION OF AN APPLIANCE FOR TESTING . 24 2.9 DETERMINATION OF COMPARTMENT AIR TEMPERATURES. 24 2.10 SELECTION AND PLACEMENT OF FREEZER TEST PACKAGES 24 2.11 THERMAL EQUILIBRIUM (FOR PULL DOWN TESTS) 25 2.12 PULL DOWN PERFORMANCE
46、25 2.13 THERMAL STABILITY 25 2.14 AUTOMATIC ICE-MAKING PERFORMANCE. 25 2.15 OPERATING TEMPERATURE PERFORMANCE 25 2.16 DETERMINATION OF TESTED ENERGY CONSUMPTION (Et). 25 2.17 METHOD OF INTERPOLATION WHERE A SINGLE-CONTROL IS ADJUSTED. 25 2.18 METHOD OF INTERPOLATION WHERE TWO CONTROLS ARE ADJUSTED.
47、25 2.19 FITTING A QUADRATIC EQUATION TO EXPERIMENTAL DATA 25 2.20 CALCULATION OF EtWORKED EXAMPLES 25 2.21 DETERMINATION OF APPLIANCE GROUPWORKED EXAMPLES 25 2.22 TWO PART ENERGY CONSUMPTION METHOD 26 2.23 NOISE. 26 2.24 REPORTING OF RESULTS. 26 SECTION 3 PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS 3.1 GENERAL 27 3.2
48、STORAGE SHELF AREA 27 3.3 GROSS AND STORAGE VOLUMES 28 3.4 PULL DOWN 28 3.5 AUTOMATIC ICE-MAKING CAPACITY 28 3.6 OPERATING TEMPERATURE PERFORMANCE 29 3.7 ENERGY TEST REQUIREMENTS . 30 SECTION 4 MARKING REQUIREMENTS 4.1 GENERAL 36 4.2 REFRIGERATING APPLIANCE GROUP. 36 4.3 FOOD STORAGE COMPARTMENT TYP
49、E 36 4.4 MODEL IDENTIFICATIONS. 36 4.5 RATED GROSS AND STORAGE VOLUMES 36 4.6 INTENDED USE MARKINGS. 36 4.7 MARKING LOCATION. 36 AS/NZS 4474.1:2007 6 Page APPENDICES A DETERMINATION OF VOLUME AND AREAS 37 B TEST ROOM, INSTRUMENTATION AND MATERIALS. 62 C PREPARATION OF AN APPLIANCE FOR TESTING AND GENERAL TEST PROCEDURES 66 D DETERMINATION OF COMPARTMENT AVERAGE AIR TEMPERATURES FOR PULL DOWN, OPERATION AND ENERGY CONSUMPTION TESTS 69 E DETERMINATION OF COMPARTMENT TEMPERATURES USING FREEZER TEST PACKAGES 83 F THERM