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1、 AS 48222008 Australian Standard External field joint coatings for steel pipelines AS 48222008 This Australian Standard was prepared by Committee ME-038, Petroleum Pipelines. It was approved on behalf of the Council of Standards Australia on 30 April 2008. This Standard was published on 26 August 20
2、08. The following are represented on Committee ME-038: API Research and Standards Committee Australasian Corrosion Association Australian Chamber of commerce and Industry Australian Institute of Petroleum Australian Pipeline Industry Association Bureau of Steel Manufacturers of Australia Department
3、of Consumer and Employment Protection (WA) Department of Mines and Energy (Qld) Department of Primary Industry, Fisheries and Mines (NT) Department of Water and Energy (NSW) Energy Networks Association Energy Safe Victoria Gas Association of New Zealand Primary Industries and Resources SA Welding Te
4、chnology Institute of Australia This Standard was issued in draft form for comment as DR 07367. Standards Australia wishes to acknowledge the participation of the expert individuals that contributed to the development of this Standard through their representation on the Committee and through the pub
5、lic comment period. Keeping Standards up-to-date Keeping Standards up-to-date Australian Standards are living documents that reflect progress in science, technology and systems. To maintain their currency, all Standards are periodically reviewed, and new editions are published. Between editions, ame
6、ndments may be issued. Standards may also be withdrawn. It is important that readers assure themselves they are using a current Standard, which should include any amendments that may have been published since the Standard was published. Detailed information about Australian Standards, drafts, amendm
7、ents and new projects can be found by visiting www.standards.org.auwww.standards.org.au Standards Australia welcomes suggestions for improvements, and encourages readers to notify us immediately of any apparent inaccuracies or ambiguities. Contact us via email at mailstandards.org.aumailstandards.or
8、g.au, or write to Standards Australia, GPO Box 476, Sydney, NSW 2001. The Standard is downloaded from Standard Sharing AS 48222008 Australian Standard External field joint coatings for steel pipelines First published as AS 48222008. COPYRIGHT Standards Australia All rights are reserved. No part of
9、this work may be reproduced or copied in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, without the written permission of the publisher. Published by Standards Australia GPO Box 476, Sydney, NSW 2001, Australia ISBN 0 7337 8870 X AS 48222008 2 PREFACE This Standard was p
10、repared by Standards Australia Committee, ME-038, Petroleum Pipelines. The objective of this Standard is to provide manufacturers, suppliers, specifier and users of oil and gas pipelines the application of and testing requirements for external field joint coatings (FJCs) of seamless or welded steel
11、pipelines for onshore steel pipelines. The performance of field joint coatings is a critical part of the corrosion protection of steel pipelines. This Standard makes no appraisal of the relative performance of the coating systems that are covered herein. There should be careful selection of the fiel
12、d joint coating chosen for each application, taking into account its importance in providing satisfactory corrosion protection for the service life under the construction and operating conditions of the pipeline. The terms normative and informative have been used in this Standard to define the appli
13、cation of the appendix to which they apply. A normative appendix is an integral part of a Standard, whereas an informative appendix is only for information and guidance. Statements expressed in mandatory terms in notes to figures and tables are deemed to be requirements of this Standard. All other n
14、otes are for information and guidance only. The Standard is downloaded from Standard Sharing 3 AS 48222008 CONTENTS Page SECTION 1 SCOPE AND GENERAL 1.1 SCOPE 5 1.2 NORMATIVE REFERENCES5 1.3 TERMS AND DEFINITIONS.6 1.4 SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATED TERMS.7 1.5 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS .7 SECTION 2 SELECTION
15、OF FJCs 2.1 GENERAL 9 2.2 TYPES OF FJCs9 SECTION 3 APPLICATORS OBLIGATIONS 3.1 APPLICATION PROCEDURE SPECIFICATION (APS). 10 3.2 COATING MATERIALS 10 3.3 PROCEDURE QUALIFICATION TRIAL (PQT). 11 3.4 QUALIFICATION OF COATING AND INSPECTION PERSONNEL 12 3.5 PRE-PRODUCTION TRIAL (PPT) 12 3.6 PRODUCTION
16、TESTING AND INSPECTION . 12 3.7 CERTIFICATES OF COMPLIANCE FOR FJC AND TRACEABILITY. 13 SECTION 4 SURFACE PREPARATION, APPLICATION, INSPECTION,TESTING, REPAIR AND SAFETY 4.1 SURFACE PREPARATION . 14 4.2 PRIOR TO THE APPLICATION OF THE COATING. 15 4.3 VISUAL INSPECTION OF THE APPLIED COATING. 15 4.4
17、TESTING OF THE FJC AND REPAIRS 15 4.5 PRELIMINARY QUALITY INSPECTION 16 4.6 SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS . 16 SECTION 5 PETROLATUM OR POLYMERIC TAPE COATINGS 5.1 GENERAL 17 5.2 DESCRIPTION OF THE COATINGS 17 5.3 SURFACE PREPARATION . 17 5.4 APPLICATION OF THE COATINGS 17 5.5 INSPECTION AND TESTING OF THE A
18、PPLIED COATINGS . 19 SECTION 6 COATINGS FROM HEAT-SHRINKABLE MATERIALS 6.1 GENERAL 26 6.2 DESCRIPTION OF THE COATINGS 26 6.3 SURFACE PREPARATION . 26 6.4 APPLICATION OF THE COATINGS 27 6.5 INSPECTION AND TESTING OF THE APPLIED COATINGS . 28 SECTION 7 FUSION-BONDED EPOXY POWDER (FBE) COATINGS 7.1 GEN
19、ERAL 32 7.2 STORAGE CONDITIONS 32 7.3 CONTAINERS 32 7.4 TRANSPORT OF POWDER. 32 7.5 DESCRIPTION OF THE COATINGS 32 AS 48222008 4 Page 7.6 SURFACE PREPARATION . 32 7.7 APPLICATION OF THE COATINGS 33 7.8 INSPECTION AND TESTING OF THE APPLIED COATINGS . 34 SECTION 8 LIQUID APPLIED COATINGS 8.1 GENERAL
20、37 8.2 DESCRIPTION OF THE COATINGS 37 8.3 SURFACE PREPARATION . 37 8.4 APPLICATION OF THE COATINGS 38 8.5 INSPECTION AND TESTING OF THE APPLIED COATINGS . 38 APPENDICES A PURCHASING GUIDELINES 42 B MEANS FOR DEMONSTRATING COMPLIANCE WITH THIS STANDARD. 44 C PEEL STRENGTH TEST 46 D IMPACT TEST 51 E I
21、NDENTATION TEST 53 F RESISTANCE OF COATING TO IMMERSION IN HOT WATER. 55 G DRIP RESISTANCE OF PETROLATUM TAPES . 56 H LAP SHEAR STRENGTH 57 I PEEL STRENGTH BETWEEN LAYERS 59 J THERMAL AGEING RESISTANCE . 62 K GUIDE TO COMPATABILITY OF COATINGS. 65 BIBLIOGRAPHY . 67 The Standard is downloaded from S
22、tandard Sharing 5 AS 48222008 www.standards.org.au Standards Australia STANDARDS AUSTRALIA Australian Standard External field joint coatings for steel pipelines S E C T I O N 1 S C O P E A N D G E N E R A L 1.1 SCOPE This Standard sets minimum requirements for the field joint coating (FJC) of seamle
23、ss or welded steel onshore pipelines. It specifies the application and testing of the corrosion protection coatings applied to steel surfaces left bare after the pipes and fittings (components) are joined by welding. Field joints and other specific points are coated on- site. NOTES: 1 Information to
24、 be supplied at the time of order is given in Appendix A. 2 Means for demonstrating compliance with this Standard are given in Appendix B. 1.2 NORMATIVE REFERENCES The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. NOTE: Documents referenced for informative pu
25、rposes are listed in the Bibliography. AS 1145 Determination of tensile properties of plastics materials 1145.3 Part 3: Test conditions for films and sheets 1391 Metallic materialsTensile testing at ambient temperature 1627 Metal finishingPreparation and pretreatment of surfaces 1627.2 Part 2: Power
26、 tool cleaning 1627.4 Part 4: Abrasive blast cleaning of steel 1627.9 Part 9: Pictorial surface preparation standards for painting steel surfaces 2706 Numerical valuesRounding and interpretation of limiting values 3894 Site testing of protective coatings 3894.1 Part 1: Non-conductive coatingsContinu
27、ity testingHigh voltage (brush) method 3894.3 Part 3: Determination of dry film thickness 3894.4 Part 4: Assessment of degree of cure 3894.5 Part 5: Determination of surface profile 3894.6 Part 6: Determination of residual contaminants 3894.9 Part 9: Determination of adhesion 4352 Testing for coatin
28、g resistance to cathodic disbonding AS/NZS 3862 ASTM External fusion-bonded epoxy coating for steel pipes D2240 Standard Test Method for Rubber PropertyDurometer Hardness ISO 868 Plastics and eboniteDetermination of indentation hardness by means of a durometer (Shore hardness) AS 48222008 6 Standard
29、s Australia www.standards.org.au SSPC Steel Structures Paint Council SP1 Surface preparation specification no. 1 1.3 TERMS AND DEFINITIONS For the purposes of this Standard, the terms and definitions below apply. 1.3.1 Application procedure specification (APS) Procedure describing coating materials
30、and all the steps for surface preparation, coating application, inspection and testing, stripping and repair (if allowed) for the application of a FJC. 1.3.2 Applicator Person who undertakes the coating application. 1.3.3 Applicator company Company that undertakes the coating application. 1.3.4 Batc
31、h Discrete and continuous manufacturing run using product of the same source. 1.3.5 Batch certificate Certificate issued by the manufacturer. 1.3.6 Bonding agent Material applied as a film to the primed metal surface in order to ensure adhesion of the subsequent protective layer. 1.3.7 Coating defec
32、t Any deleterious imperfection in the coating, including disbonded areas, areas of low film thickness and holidays. 1.3.8 Cutback Length of pipe left uncoated at each end for joining purposes (e.g., welding). 1.3.9 Defect See coating defect. 1.3.10 End user The company operating the pipeline system.
33、 1.3.11 Holiday A discontinuity of protective coating that exposes the steel to the outside environment. 1.3.12 Inspector The person who carries out inspection of materials or phases of coating application. 1.3.13 Manufacturer Company responsible for the manufacture of a coating material. 1.3.14 Max
34、imum operating temperature (Tmax op) Maximum temperature for which the pipeline system has been designed when handling the specified fluid. The Standard is downloaded from Standard Sharing 7 AS 48222008 www.standards.org.au Standards Australia 1.3.15 Pre-production trial (PPT) Series of tests carri
35、ed out before start of coating operations, aimed at verifying the conformity of a FJC system, including materials used, surface preparation, application process and equipment, qualification of application and inspection personnel. 1.3.16 Primer Material applied as a film on substrate (metal and/or p
36、lant coating) to ensure adhesion of the subsequent protective coating. 1.3.17 Procedure qualification trial (PQT) Coating application and testing activity carried out for the qualification of the FJC system, including materials used, surface preparation, application process, equipment and inspection
37、/testing procedures. NOTE: The PQT qualifies the coating system and application process. The PPT is carried out prior to start of coating operations and includes qualification of application and inspection personnel who would carry out field application process. 1.3.18 Purchaser Company responsible
38、for providing the FJC order requirements. 1.3.19 Quality plan Document specifying which procedures and associated resources are applied by whom and when to a specific project, product, process or contract. 1.4 SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATED TERMS APS application procedure specification DFT dry film thickne
39、ss DSC differential scanning calorimetry EP liquid applied epoxy FBE fusion-bonded epoxy powder coating FJC field joint coating HSS heat-shrinkable sleeve MSDS material safety data sheet PE polyethylene PPT pre-production trial PQT procedure qualification trial PU liquid applied polyurethane 2LPE tw
40、o-layer polyethylene coating 3LPE three-layer polyethylene coating Tg change in the glass transition temperature between two or more successive thermal analysis scans 1.5 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 1.5.1 Field joint coatings (FJCs) General industry practice is that external pipeline coatings be plant-appl
41、ied except for field joints and other specific items, which are coated on site. AS 48222008 8 Standards Australia www.standards.org.au Field joints shall be protected with a coating system that is compatible with the factory- applied pipe coating. The FJC shall provide similar performance to the fac
42、tory-applied pipe coating and allow satisfactory application under the predicted field conditions. The performance of field joint coatings is a critical part of the corrosion protection of steel pipelines. The field joint coating shall be carefully selected for each application, taking into account
43、its importance in providing satisfactory corrosion protection for the service life under the construction and operating conditions of the pipeline. The FJCs described herein have different performance characteristics. The end user should decide on FJC taking into consideration the factory-applied co
44、ating, the desired application and performance characteristics, including resistance to impact, creep, indentation, cathodic disbondment, loss of adhesion, elevated temperature and aging. Rounding of numerical values shall be in accordance with AS 2706. 1.5.2 Specialist applicators Depending upon th
45、e type and complexity of FJC, and size of project, the end user should consider the use of specialist FJC applicator companies to ensure consistent quality and production rates. Specialist applicators should be selected based on a verifiable successful record of the same FJC in a similar project env
46、ironment. The Standard is downloaded from Standard Sharing 9 AS 48222008 www.standards.org.au Standards Australia S E C T I O N 2 S E L E C T I O N O F F J C s 2.1 GENERAL The FJC shall be selected to be (a) compatible with the factory-applied pipe coating; (b) suitable for service under the operat
47、ing conditions of the pipeline; (c) suitable for service in the environment in which the pipeline is laid; (d) fit to perform for the anticipated life of the factory-applied coating or the design life of the pipeline, as applicable; and (e) suitable for the intended construction handling and install
48、ation technique. Selection of the FJC should be made by, or approved by, the designer or owner of the pipeline. NOTE: Further guidance of selection FJCs is given in Appendix K. 2.2 TYPES OF FJCs The major types of FJC are classified in Table 2.1. TABLE 2.1 CLASSIFICATION OF FJC TYPES Code Section Ty
49、pe of FJC 1A 5 Petrolatum tapes 1B 5 Cold-applied polymeric tapes 2A 6 Heat shrinkable materials, polyethylene based 2B 6 Heat shrinkable materials, polyethylene based, applied over a liquid applied epoxy layer 3A 7 Fusion bonded epoxy powder (monolayer) 3B 7 Two layer fusion bonded epoxy powder 4A 8 Liquid applied epoxy 4B 8 Liquid applied polyurethane 4C 8 Fibre reinforced epoxy AS 48222008 10 Standards Au