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1、Respiratory protective devices for use against chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear (CBRN) agents Part 3.1: Self-contained open-circuit compressed air breathing apparatus incorporating a hood for escape Specifi cation BS 8468-3.1:2009 raising standards worldwide NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERM
2、ISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW BSI British Standards BS 8468-3.1:2009BRITISH STANDARD Publishing and copyright information The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. BSI 2009 ISBN 978 0 580 58730 6 ICS 11.040.10 The following BSI ref
3、erences relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference PH/4 Draft for comment 09/30164455 DC Publication history First published April 2009 Amendments issued since publication DateText affected BRITISH STANDARD ? ?i BS 8468-3.1:2009 Contents Forewordii 1Scope1 2Normative references1 3 Term
4、s and defi nitions1 4Description1 5 Classifi cation2 6Requirements2 7Marking3 8Information supplied by the manufacturer3 Annexes Annex A (normative) Test method for chemical agent permeation and penetration resistance against distilled sulfur mustard (HD) and sarin (GB)4 Annex B (normative) Relation
5、ship between this British Standard and the Basic Safety Requirements of EU Directive 89/686/EEC Personal Protective Equipment9 Bibliography10 List of fi gures Figure A.1 Schematic diagram of HD agent droplet placement on hood and supply hose7 Figure A.2 Schematic diagram of HD agent droplet placemen
6、t between hood and cylinder thread8 List of tables Table 1 Maximum acceptable levels of permeation and penetration2 Table A.1 Air supply characteristics for chemical agent permeation and penetration resistance test method4 Table A.2 Airfl ow characteristics for chemical agent permeation and penetrat
7、ion resistance test method6 Table B.1 Basic Safety requirements for PPE Comparison between the PPE Directive, Annex II and BS 8468-3.19 Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i to ii, pages 1 to 10, an inside back cover and a back cover. BS 8468-3.1:2009
8、 ii? ? ? BRITISH STANDARD Foreword Publishing information This British Standard was published by BSI and came into effect on 30 April 2009. It was prepared by Technical Committee PH/4, Respiratory protection. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its sec
9、retary. Relationship with other publications When fi nished, BS 8468 will be issued in eight parts: Part 1: Positive pressure, self-contained breathing apparatus Specifi cation; Part 2: Negative pressure air purifying devices with full face mask Specifi cation; Part 3.1: Self-contained open-circuit
10、compressed air breathing apparatus incorporating a hood for escape Specifi cation; Part 3.2: Air-purifying devices incorporating a hood for escape Specifi cation; Part 4: Powered air-purifying respirators Specifi cation; Part 5: Dual-mode apparatus Specifi cation; Part 6: Positive-pressure compresse
11、d airline equipment Specifi cation; Part 7: Closed-circuit breathing apparatus Specifi cation. Information about this document Recent changes in international politics have given rise to a threat from weapons previously expected to be confi ned to military operations. In the event that they are used
12、 against civilian targets, emergency and support agencies will need suitable PPE. Presentational conventions The provisions of this standard are presented in roman (i.e. upright) type. Its requirements are expressed in sentences in which the principal auxiliary verb is “shall”. Commentary, explanati
13、on and general informative material is presented in smaller italic type, and does not constitute a normative element. Contractual and legal considerations This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compl
14、iance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. BRITISH STANDARD ? ?1 BS 8468-3.1:2009 1Scope This standard applies to self-contained open-circuit compressed air breathing apparatus incorporating a hood intended to be used only during escape by emergency responders (fi r
15、e, ambulance, police) and adult civilians from areas contaminated by chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear (CBRN) agents. It contains requirements for designation, classifi cation, testing and marking of the device. 2Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable
16、for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. BS EN 132, Respiratory protective devices Defi nitions of terms and pictograms BS EN 134, Respiratory
17、protective devices Nomenclature of components BS EN 1146:2005, Respiratory protective devices Self-contained open-circuit compressed air breathing apparatus incorporating a hood for escape Requirements, testing, marking BS EN 12021, Respiratory protective devices Compressed air for breathing apparat
18、us BS EN 13274-1, Respiratory protective devices Methods of test Part 1: Determination of inward leakage and total inward leakage 3 Terms and defi nitions For the purpose of this British Standard the terms and defi nitions defi ned in BS EN 132 and BS EN 134 and the following apply. 3.1hood respirat
19、ory interface that completely covers the head and neck and may also cover portions of the shoulders and torso 4Description Self-contained open-circuit compressed air breathing apparatus incorporating a hood are devices designed and constructed to enable the wearer to breathe air supplied to a hood,
20、covering at least the head and neck, from a pressure vessel(s) via a pressure reducer giving a continuous fl ow of air, or via a lung demand valve connected to the hood. The exhaled air passes without re-circulation from the hood via an exhalation valve(s) or other outlet to the ambient atmosphere.
21、This apparatus typically comprises pressure vessel(s), body harness, pressure indicator(s), warning device (optional), connecting hoses and tubes and a hood. BS 8468-3.1:2009 2? ? ? BRITISH STANDARD 5 Classifi cation Compressed air escape apparatus with hood are classifi ed according to the rated wo
22、rking duration in accordance with BS EN 1146:2005, Clause 5, except that the rated working duration starts with 15 min as a minimum and with no defi ned maximum, and the CBRN requirements of this standard, e.g. “class 15 CBRN”. 6Requirements 6.1General The complete device for use against CBRN agents
23、 shall be self-contained open-circuit compressed air breathing apparatus incorporating a hood conforming to BS EN 1146:2005 and to the additional requirements specifi ed in 6.2, 6.3 and 6.4 of this standard. In all tests, all test samples shall meet the requirements. 6.2Inward leakage The maximum in
24、ward leakage shall be G 0.05% when tested as a complete system in accordance with BS EN 13274-1:2001 8.4 with ten test subjects. 6.3Chemical agent permeation and penetration Devices shall be resistant to chemical agents up to the maximum levels given in Table 1 when tested in accordance with Annex A
25、. Table 1Maximum acceptable levels of permeation and penetration AgentMaximum acceptable peak excursionC) Maximum acceptable breakthrough (concentration integrated over minimum service life) D), E) mg/m3mgmin/m3 Distilled sulfur mustard (HD) (vapour)A)0.606.0 Distilled sulfur mustard (HD) (liquid)A)
26、0.606.0 Sarin (GB) (vapour)B)0.0870.9 for durations G 30 min 2.1 for durations 30 min A) Vapour challenge concentration will start immediately after the liquid drops have been applied and the test chamber has been sealed. B) Vapour challenge concentration will start immediately after the test chambe
27、r has been sealed. C) Three sequential test data points, with sample times of two minutes, at or above the maximum peak excursion level constitute a failure. D) The cumulative concentration including all maximum peak excursion data points cannot be exceeded for the duration of the test. E) Devices a
28、re monitored in the oral/nasal and ocular regions. BRITISH STANDARD ? ?3 BS 8468-3.1:2009 6.4Donning When meeting BS EN 1146:2005 6.9, the time to don the device from the ready-to-use confi guration shall be no greater than 30 s. NOTE The ready-to-use confi guration is the operational packaging stat
29、e prior to use such that immediately upon opening allows the user to don the device. 7Marking 7.1 Marking shall be in accordance with BS EN 1146:2005. 7.2 In addition, each device conforming to this standard shall be permanently marked with the designation and year of this standard, plus classifi ca
30、tion of the device, e.g. BS 8468-3.1:2009, class 15 CBRN. 7.3 Sub-assemblies and components with considerable bearing on CBRN performance shall be marked so that they can be identifi ed. 8Information supplied by the manufacturer 8.1 The information supplied shall be in accordance with BS EN 1146:200
31、5. 8.2 The information shall explain the markings listed in Clause 7. 8.3 The information shall describe suitable procedures for decontamination and disposal. BS 8468-3.1:2009 4? ? ? BRITISH STANDARD Annex A (normative)Test method for chemical agent permeation and penetration resistance against dist
32、illed sulfur mustard (HD) and sarin (GB) NOTEThis method is based on a method developed and described in NIOSH Procedure No. RCT-CBRN-STP-0550 1, NIOSH Procedure No. RCT- CBRN-STP-0551 2 and NIOSH Procedure No. RCT-CBRN-STP-0200, 0201 3. A.1Principle Three devices are tested on an upper-torso maniki
33、n connected to a breathing machine, in an atmosphere containing either GB vapour or, in a separate test, HD vapour with liquid droplets of HD applied to the surface of the device. The peak excursion levels and breakthrough levels are measured for these agents. A.2Materials A.2.1 HD vapour A.2.2 HD l
34、iquid A.2.3 GB vapour A.2.4 High-pressure compressed air, conforming to BS EN 12021, or CGA Grade D (see Table A.1), or Grade E liquifi ed air. Table A.1Air supply characteristics for chemical agent permeation and penetration resistance test method Cylinder capacity2 400 L (minimum) Temperature(25 5
35、) C Oxygen content(19.5 to 23.5)% CO by volume 0.001% (10 ppm) CO2 by volume 0.1% (1 000 ppm) Condensed hydrocarbons by weight 5 mg/m3 OdourNo odour detectable by olfactory senses Dew point 40 C at 101 kPa (one atmosphere) A.3Apparatus A.3.1 SMARTMAN1) (or equivalent), simulant agent resistant test
36、manikin, tested, with helium, monthly and when new, for leaks. A.3.2 Two exposure chambers, both constructed of clear, chemical resistant sheets (e.g. Plexiglas or Lexan), forming an approximate 0.60-m-sided cube with: a fl oor capable of supporting the SMARTMAN (approximately 40 kg); a removable fr
37、ont panel; four legs long 1) SMARTMAN is the trade name of a product supplied by ILC Dover, Frederica, Delaware, USA. This information is given for the convenience of users of this standard and does not constitute an endorsement by BSI of the product named. Equivalent products may be used if they ca
38、n be shown to lead to the same results. BRITISH STANDARD ? ?5 BS 8468-3.1:2009 enough to allow access for tubing and to the SMARTMAN face- adjustment handle; an M12A1 military air purifying collective fi lter (or equivalent) installed in the top; ports in the side to accommodate tubing for the chall
39、enge vapour and clean purge air; an electric fan, inside, near the top front, to achieve a well-mixed challenge vapour. One chamber is “clean” and only used to check for fi t and leaks, the other is for agent exposure. A.3.3 Leak detector, capable of detecting mineral oil aerosol particles at a conc
40、entration of 0.10 mg/m3. A.3.4 Continuous air monitoring system; a gas chromatograph equipped with a hydrogen fl ame emission detector and a preconcentrator tube (a small tube containing an adsorbent material to scrub out agent vapour from air drawn through it), coupled, where relevant to either: A.
41、3.4.1 Infrared absorption based detector, capable of detecting GB at the levels required. A.3.4.2 Gas chromatograph, with a fl ame ionization detector (FID), capable of detecting HD at the levels required. A.3.5 Syringe pump; a multirange, variable rate infusion pump, capable of injecting liquid age
42、nt into an air stream at a controlled rate, to create a challenge vapour at a specifi ed concentration. A.3.6 Automated airfl ow-temperature-humidity control system, supplied with laboratory air and distilled water, and capable of supplying air at rates of (50 to 200) L/min 2%, relative humidity of
43、(20 to 80)% 3%, and temperatures of (20 to 30) C 3%. A.3.7 Mixing chamber, made of PVC pipe, with: caps on both ends and three baffl es fi xed inside to ensure mixing of agent vapour and air; and a pressure gauge mounted on the chamber to indicate internal pressure. A.3.8 Breathing simulator/breathe
44、r pump; a double pump, operated by a single, variable speed motor through a Scotch yoke (slotted link) to produce a sinusoidal breathing pattern, adjustable up to a tidal volume (volume per breath) of 1.5 L. A.3.9 Mass fl ow controllers, capable of controlling the fl ow of samples in the continuous
45、air monitoring system and the fl ow of air to fl ush out the exposure chamber, with an accuracy of 2%. A.3.10 Compressed air system; air compressor and cascade system, capable of maintaining a pressure in the range 3.45 MPa to 31.0 MPa and of cycling between these values. A.4Preparation A.4.1 Run a
46、background characterization; connect the continuous air monitoring system (A.3.4) to a nasal sampling port of the SMARTMAN (A.3.1) in the agent exposure chamber (A.3.2) and monitor for a period of 30 min. If the measured background level is lower than the lowest point on the continuous air monitorin
47、g system calibration curve, continue with the test. If the measured background level is higher than the lowest point on the continuous air monitoring system calibration curve, terminate the test. BS 8468-3.1:2009 6? ? ? BRITISH STANDARD A.4.2 Assemble the device following the manufacturers instructi
48、on, with the exception of the air cylinder, and connect the compressed air system (A.3.10). Ensure that the air inlet gauge reads the rated service pressure for the device 340 kPa. A.4.3 Take a digital photograph of the assembled unit. A.4.4 Mount the unit on the SMARTMAN (A.3.1) in the “clean” expo
49、sure chamber (A.3.2), following the manufacturers instructions. A.4.5 Turn on the breathing simulator (A.3.8). Ensure that the air supply to the device is turned on. A.4.6 Connect the leak detector (A.3.3) to a port into the exposure chamber (A.3.2). Close the exposure chamber. Fill the exposure chamber with mineral oil aerosol particles to a concentration of 100 mg/m3 (measured using the leak detector). Connect the leak detector t