《BS EN 12413-2007 Safety requirements for bonded abrasive products.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《BS EN 12413-2007 Safety requirements for bonded abrasive products.pdf（52页珍藏版）》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 12413:2007 Safety requirements for bonded abrasive products The European Standard EN 12413:2007 has the status of a British Standard ICS 25.100.70 ? Licensed Copy: :FULLNAME, : DATE, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 12413:2007 This British Standard was published under the auth
2、ority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2007 BSI 2007 ISBN 978 0 580 56114 6 National foreword This British Standard was published by BSI. It is the UK implementation of EN 12413:2007. It supersedes BS EN 12413:1999 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation
3、was entrusted to Technical Committee MTE/13, Grinding wheels, abrasive tools, paper and cloths, and powders. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Use
4、rs are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. DateComments Licensed Copy: :FULLNAME, : DATE, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM E
5、N 12413 June 2007 ICS 25.100.70Supersedes EN 12413:1999 English Version Safety requirements for bonded abrasive products Exigences de scurit pour les produits abrasifs agglomrs Sicherheitsanforderungen fr Schleifkrper aus gebundenem Schleifmittel This European Standard was approved by CEN on 10 May
6、2007. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtaine
7、d on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Managemen
8、t Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
9、 Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2007 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form an
10、d by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 12413:2007: E Licensed Copy: :FULLNAME, : DATE, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 12413:2007 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword3 Introduction.4 1Scope 5 2Normative references5 3Definitions and symbols .5 3.1Bonded abrasive products .5 3.2
11、Grinding machines 5 3.3Grinding method6 3.4Type of application6 3.5Symbols7 4List of significant hazards 8 5Requirements.8 5.1General requirements8 5.2Strength requirements 9 5.3Dimensional requirements10 5.4Admissible unbalance.30 5.5Marking.30 5.6Blotters .30 6Verification of the requirements and
12、inspection30 6.1Verification methods .30 6.2Scope of inspection by the manufacturer.31 7Information for use33 Annex A (normative) Marking 34 A.1Content of marking34 A.2Execution of marking 37 Annex B (informative) Mounted points .38 B.1Example calculation of the maximum permissible speeds of rotatio
13、n38 B.2Example for application of the calculation method .42 Annex C (normative) Verification methods for side load capacity44 C.1General44 C.2Single point side load44 C.3Three point side load.45 C.4Impact test45 Annex D (informative) Colour codes.47 Annex E (informative) Speed conversion table48 Bi
14、bliography49 Licensed Copy: :FULLNAME, : DATE, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ? EN 12413:2007 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 12413:2007) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 143 “Machine tools Safety”, the secretariat of which is held by SNV. This European Standard shall be given the status
15、 of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2007, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2007. This document supersedes EN 12413:1999. Significant technical differences between this edition
16、and EN 12413:1999 are as follows: a) Deletion of different abbreviations in Table 1 to Table 4 and Table 7; b) deletion of 140 m/s and 160 m/s in Clause 5.1.1; c) revision of Table 11 “Maximum operating speeds, safety factors and minimum bursting speeds for different types of machine and types of ap
17、plication“. In the revised Table 11 (now Table 4) are there only relations between the range of vs, the safety factor Sbr and burst speed factor fbr; d) in Clause 5.1.3 “Side load capacity“ (new Clause 5.2.3) are the relevant values for the different tests depending on vs and the outside diameter of
18、 the abrasive product; e) extension of requirements in Clause 5.6 “Blotters“, Annex B “Blotters“ (normative) is completely deleted; f) revision of Clause 6 in accordance with rules for the structure and drafting of CEN/CENELEC publications; g) Table 13 “Safety test speeds“ deleted and revision of Ta
19、ble 14 “Scope of the inspection“; h) revision of Clause 7 “Information for use“; i) content of Table A.2 “Colour codes and design of colour codes“ to change as additional marking in Annex D (informative); j) in Table A.3 “Restrictions of use“, RE2 deleted and RE8 included; k) Figures A.1, A.2 and Cl
20、ause A.4 “Design of the marking“ deleted; l) revision of Annex C (normative), now Annex B (informative), Mounted points only as an example calculation of the maximum permissible speed of rotation; m) extension of Annex D (informative), now Annex C (normative), with additional requirements concerning
21、 the verification methods for side load capacity. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, G
22、ermany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Licensed Copy: :FULLNAME, : DATE, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ? EN 12413:2007 (E) 4 Introduction T
23、his standard has been prepared to provide one means of conforming with essential safety requirements, e.g. of the Safety Product Directive and associated EFTA regulations. This standard is addressed to designers, manufacturers and suppliers of the abrasive products described in the scope. In additio
24、n, it helps designers, manufacturers and suppliers of grinding machines in the selection of abrasive products, in order to reduce the risks and achieve conformity of the respective machinery with the Essential safety requirements of the Machinery Directive. The extent to which hazards are covered is
25、 indicated in the scope of this standard. Licensed Copy: :FULLNAME, : DATE, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ? EN 12413:2007 (E) 5 1 Scope This standard is applicable to rotating bonded abrasive products. It specifies requirements and/or measures for the removal or reduction of hazards resulting from the
26、design and application of the abrasive products. This standard also contains procedures and tests for verification of compliance with the requirements as well as safety information for use, which is to be made available to the user by the manufacturer. The hazards taken into consideration are listed
27、 in Clause 4 of this standard. This standard does not apply to superabrasives and coated abrasive products. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
28、the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN ISO 6103, Bonded abrasive products Permissible unbalances of grinding wheels as delivered Static testing (ISO 6103:2005) ISO 525, Bonded abrasive products - General requirements ISO 13942, Bonded abrasive products L
29、imit deviations and run-out tolerances 3 Definitions and symbols 3.1 Bonded abrasive products Products consisting of abrasives e.g. aluminium oxide, silicon carbide held together by a bond. Bonded abrasive products within the meaning of this standard are all products as defined, see for example by I
30、SO 525. 3.2 Grinding machines 3.2.1 Stationary machines Machines that are fixed in position during operation, see for example EN 13218. Included are fixed swing-frame machines and mobile machines clamped firmly in position during use. 3.2.2 Mobile machines Machines that are not fixed in position dur
31、ing operation. They are manually guided (but not supported) by hand during use, e.g. floor grinding machines, flexibly suspended swing-frame grinding machines. 3.2.3 Hand-held machines Machines, including those with flexible drives that are held in the hand during the grinding process, see for examp
32、le EN 792-7, EN 792-9, EN 60745-2-3 and EN ISO 19432. 3.2.4 Machines with totally enclosed working area Stationary machines that are protected in such a way by separating guards that machining processes including loading and unloading of workpieces are carried out inside them and persons are protect
33、ed against hazards generated by bursting of an abrasive product. Licensed Copy: :FULLNAME, : DATE, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ? EN 12413:2007 (E) 6 3.3 Grinding method 3.3.1 Peripheral grinding Grinding with the periphery of the wheel with no or limited side loads. 3.3.2 Face grinding Grinding with
34、the face of the wheel. 3.3.3 Cutting-off Cutting-off or slotting with the periphery of the cutting-off wheel. 3.3.4 High pressure grinding Grinding with high contact pressure for steel conditioning. 3.4 Type of application 3.4.1 General See Table 1. 3.4.2 Mechanically guided grinding Feed movements
35、of the grinding tool and/or the workpiece are guided by mechanical means. 3.4.3 Manually guided grinding Feed movements of the grinding tool and/or the workpiece are manually guided by the operator. 3.4.4 Hand-held grinding Grinding machine is entirely guided by the operators hands. Table 1 Type of
36、application Type of grinding machine Type of application Abrasive product Workpiece Fixed Guided mechanically Guided mechanically Fixed Stationary machines Mechanically guided grinding Guided mechanically Guided mechanically Guided by hand Fixed Stationary and mobile machines Manually guided grindin
37、g Fixed Guided by hand Hand-held machines Hand-held grinding Guided by hand Fixed Licensed Copy: :FULLNAME, : DATE, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ? EN 12413:2007 (E) 7 3.5 Symbols Table 2 Symbols Abbrevia- tions Designation Definition Unit nab Deflection speed of mounted points Revolutions per minute a
38、t which the spindle of mounted points is deflecting under centrifugal force 1/min nmax Maximum permissible speed of rotation Revolutions per minute of the new abrasive product at maximum operating speed 1/min vsMaximum operating speed Maximum permissible peripheral speed of a rotating abrasive produ
39、ct m/s vprSafety test speed Peripheral speed at which abrasive products are tested by the manufacturer m/s fprTest speed factor Safety test speed divided by maximum operating speed: s pr pr v v f= fbrBurst speed factor Minimum bursting speed divided by maximum operating speed: s br br v v f min = vb
40、rBursting speed Peripheral speed at which the abrasive product breaks due to centrifugal force m/s vbr minMinimum bursting speed Peripheral speed, which the abrasive product shall at least reach without bursting due to centrifugal force m/s Sbr Safety factor against bursting due to centrifugal force
41、 Bursting speed divided by maximum operating speed, all squared: 2 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? = s br br v v S Sab Safety factor of spindle deflection for mounted points Deflection speed divided by maximum permissible speed of rotation: max n n S ab ab= AImpact resistance Resistance of a rotating abrasive produ
42、ct to lateral impact Nm FS1Single point side load Resistance of a rotating abrasive product to lateral single point load N FS3Three point side load Resistance of a rotating abrasive product to lateral three point load N Licensed Copy: :FULLNAME, : DATE, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ? EN 12413:2007 (E)
43、 8 4 List of significant hazards Table 3 List of significant hazards Hazard designation Hazardous situation (Examples) Relevant clauses in this standard 1. Wheel breakage caused by improper design 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 and Annex C manufacturing defects 5.1 wrong selection 5.5, 7 and Annex A improper handlin
44、g and storage 7 improper use (mounting and grinding process) 5.6, 7 and Annex A Ejection of parts 2. Grinding debris 7 Hand arm vibration on hand-held machines caused by manufacturing defects 5.3 and 5.4 improper use 7 Vibration incorrect mounting 7 5 Requirements 5.1 General requirements 5.1.1 Gene
45、ral Abrasive products shall be designed and manufactured in such a way that they resist the forces and loads that are to be expected when used as intended. They shall not present visible faults and shall comply with the requirements listed in the following clauses. 5.1.2 Maximum operating speeds Abr
46、asive products shall be manufactured for maximum operating speeds according to the following range: 125 mm 50 125 mm 100 3,5 1,87 80 3,0 1,73 Hand-held machines All types D 125 mm 80 3,5 1,87 a Only manually guided cutting-off. 5.2.2 Safety factors for mounted wheels and points Mounted wheels and po
47、ints shall have a safety factor against bursting due to centrifugal forces of Sbr = 3 at their maximum operating speed. The spindle shall have a safety factor against deflection of Sab = 1,3. For further requirements, see Annex B. Licensed Copy: :FULLNAME, : DATE, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 12413
48、:2007 (E) 10 5.2.3 Side load capacity Depressed-centre wheels, straight cutting-off wheels and depressed-centre cutting-off wheels for the use on hand- held grinding machines shall have a side load capacity according to Table 5. Table 5 Side load capacity of abrasive products for the use on hand-hel
49、d machines Side load capacity Single point side load test Three point side load test Impact test Abrasive product Maximum operating speed Outside diameter Single point side load Three point side load Impact resistance vsDFS1FS3A m/s mm N N Nm 115 290 150 290 4,5 180 290 5,4 Depressed-centre grinding wheels (type 27a, type 28a and type 29b) 80 230 290 6,9 115 40