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1、 W - - - - - 77 -$- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - W W D - w - - - - EN 14618:2009 (E) 2 Contents Foreword 3 1Scope . 4 2Normative references . 4 3Terms and definitions 4 4Terminology of agglomerated stones 5 4.1Terms of fragmented aggregates 5 4.2Terms of past
2、e components 7 5Terminology of the manufacturing process 8 6Terminology of the final product 10 Bibliography . 12 EN 14618:2009 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 14618:2009) has been prepared by CEN/TC JWG 229/246 “Agglomerated stones”, the secretariat of which is held by UNI. This European standard
3、shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2010, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by January 2010. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this
4、document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 14618:2005. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are
5、 bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Swede
6、n, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. EN 14618:2009 (E) 4 1 Scope This document specifies the terminology and classification of the agglomerated stone products. Agglomerated stone products are industrial products mainly made of hydraulic cement, resin or mixture of both, stones and other additions.
7、 They are industrially manufactured in geometrical shapes at fixed plants by moulding techniques. They are put on the market in the form of rough blocks, rough slabs, slabs, tiles, dimensional stone works, and any other cut to size products. All other agglomerated stones products not intended to be
8、used for flooring, wall finishes and similar uses (like drainage channels, structural elements, etc.) are excluded from the field of this standard. This European Standard is not applicable to terrazzo tiles covered by EN 13748-1 1 and EN 13748-2 2. 2 Normative references The following referenced doc
9、uments are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 12670:2001, Natural stone Terminology 3 Terms and definitions For the purp
10、oses of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 12670:2001 and the following apply. 3.1 agglomerated stone industrial product manufactured from a mixture of aggregates of various sizes and natures (generally coming from natural stones), sometimes mixed with other compatible materials, a
11、dditions and binder NOTE The binder could be resin, hydraulic cement or mixture of both (in various percentages). Aggregates consist of natural and/or recycled stones and/or different additions such as crushed ceramics, glass, mirrors. They are bound via resin and filler or cement and water or mixtu
12、re of both. The manufacturing process is irreversible. 3.2 agglomerated stone product semi-finished product manufactured from agglomerated stone in form of blocks or slabs, which can be transformed in finished slabs, tiles, vanity tops or similar elements. NOTE Under the agglomerated stones term fal
13、l architectural elements, complementary to products for flooring and wall finishes, which can or cannot be subsequently cut to size. Products manufactured by the technology of the agglomerated stones could be impregnated by suitable chemicals in order to waterproof/seal open pores. The products can
14、be also sealed with putty in order to fill in the surface defects accidentally present in some natural stones and other aggregates. 3.3 classification of agglomerated stones classification according to the type of the binder and the nature of the aggregates of the agglomerated stone product NOTE If
15、the volume of the binding material is greater than the volume of the aggregates, the resulting material cannot be classified as agglomerated stone. EN 14618:2009 (E) 5 3.3.1 classification according to the type of the binder classification according to the binder of the agglomerated stone product, i
16、.e. resin, hydraulic cement or mixtures of resin and cement NOTE Agglomerated stone product can be bound by resin (e.g. thermosetting resin) or by other suitable organic or inorganic polymer which can be irreversibly hardened Agglomerated stone product can be bound by hydraulic cement (white or grey
17、). Agglomerated stone product can be bound by mixtures of resin and cement. 3.3.2 classification according to the mineral nature of the aggregates classification according to the mineral nature of the agglomerated stone product, i.e. carbonate nature, silica nature or carbonate and silica nature NOT
18、E Agglomerated stone product can be constituted of aggregates of carbonate nature e.g. marble, limestone, etc. Agglomerated stone product can be constituted of aggregates of silica nature e.g. quartz, sandstone, granite, etc. Agglomerated stone product either of carbonate or of silica nature can con
19、tain aggregates such as crushed ceramics, glass, mirrors, etc. Agglomerated stone product can be constituted of aggregates of both carbonate and silica nature. 4 Terminology of agglomerated stones 4.1 Terms of fragmented aggregates 4.1.1 natural aggregate mixture of natural stone fragments which are
20、 derived either from incoherent rocks (sand) or fragmented coherent carbonate type rocks or silica-type rocks (granite, quartzite, etc.), and whose maximum linear size may be either 150 mm or more NOTE 1 Calcium Carbonate: a solid, formula CaCO3, occurring in nature as calcite and its polymorphous m
21、inerals. NOTE 2 Carbonate: a chemical compound containing CO3 2- group. 4.1.2 continuous particle size distribution mixture of aggregates with a continuous particle size distribution scale up to a maximum value, depending on the nature of the material and the comminution method 4.1.3 de-powdered con
22、tinuous particle size distribution continuous particle size distribution without the fraction smaller than 0,2 mm 4.1.4 granite (commercial definition) natural stone, compact and polishable, mainly consisting of minerals with a hardness between 5 and 7 on the Mohs scale EN 14618:2009 (E) 6 4.1.5 fil
23、ler finely ground powder usually below 45 m used as a component in the formulation, to be coupled with the binding material to form the binding paste 4.1.6 particle size predominant average diameter of particles in a mixture of aggregates 4.1.7 intermediate aggregate mixture of aggregates which form
24、s a restricted intermediate grain size fraction between the maximum selected size and generally 45 m 4.1.8 limestone sedimentary rock consisting chiefly of calcite, CaCO3 4.1.9 marble (commercial definition) natural stone compact and polishable, mainly consisting of minerals with hardness between 3
25、and 4 on the Mohs scale 4.1.10 quartz silicate mineral of the formula SiO2 4.1.11 quartzite methamorphic rock consisting essentially of quartz 4.1.12 sand mineral sediment of size range 0,06 mm to 4 mm, commercially intended constituted by SiO2 4.1.13 sandstone sedimentary rock composed of grains fr
26、om quartz, feldspath, mica and minor fragments from other rocks 4.1.14 selected aggregate mixture of aggregates selected by classification with a grain size distribution subdivided into two pre-selected size ranges 4.1.15 sieve analysis measurement of the grain size distribution by sieve selection a
27、nd classification 4.1.16 silica silicon dioxide (formula SiO2) EN 14618:2009 (E) 7 4.2 Terms of paste components 4.2.1 accelerator (promoter) chemical additive used to make faster the action of the initiator and, in general, the setting of the binder 4.2.2 additive chemical product added to a mixtur
28、e in small amount to obtain particular aesthetical or technical characteristics 4.2.3 binder organic or inorganic chemical product used to bind via an irreversible process the aggregates and the filler in an agglomerated stone 4.2.4 gel semi-solid or jellylike state of a thermosetting resin due to t
29、he partial reaction (cross-linking) of the polymer chains 4.2.5 impregnating product organic material by which the stone agglomerate may be impregnated to improve the physical - mechanical product properties 4.2.6 inhibitor chemical additive used to make slower the hardening in a thermosetting resin
30、, so increasing its pot life NOTE See 5.20. 4.2.7 initiator (hardener) chemical additive able to make faster the hardening of a thermosetting resin 4.2.8 inorganic binding paste mixture of inorganic binding material (generally Portland cement, white or grey), filler and mixing water 4.2.9 matrix mix
31、ture of organic or inorganic binding paste, sometimes including the intermediate aggregates 4.2.10 mixture mixture of the binding paste, and of the aggregates, including the additions of chemicals, and sometimes pigments and compatible materials 4.2.11 mortar mixture of water, cement and sand (somet
32、imes including chemical additives) EN 14618:2009 (E) 8 4.2.12 organic binding paste mixture of organic binding material (generally a thermosetting resin) and the filler 4.2.13 pigment substance, generally in the form of fine particles, which is insoluble in the application medium and whose sole purp
33、ose is to colour the matrix 4.2.14 cement hydraulic binder used to form the inorganic binding paste, with water NOTE See EN 197-1 3. 4.2.15 putty stiff paste sometimes used to fill cracks or holes (when present) in natural stones 4.2.16 resin liquid chemical product, which can be a mixture constitut
34、ed of polymers and monomers or a different organic molecule that can be hardened via chemical and/or thermal process without the possibility to be melted 5 Terminology of the manufacturing process 5.1 block squaring see EN 12670:2001, 2.2.4 5.2 bush hammered finish see EN 12670:2001, 2.3.8 5.3 calib
35、rating, honing and polishing automatic operation made by machines in a series to form an integrated line generally consisting of a feed belt and a number of honing/polishing heads with varying grit sizes 5.4 chamfering operation by which the edges of the surface of a tile are bevelled and rectified
36、5.5 cement hydration reaction between water and the cement which first conducts to mixture viscosity increase and subsequently to its hardening 5.6 cold curing hardening reaction of a thermosetting resin which occurs, in presence of an initiator, for the action of an accelerator EN 14618:2009 (E) 9
37、5.7 cure reaction of cross-linking or polymerization of the molecules of a resin which conducts to the transformation of a liquid resin to a hardened state 5.8 cure time time required by the liquid resin to reach a cured or fully polymerized state after the initiator has been added 5.9 flamed finish
38、 type of stone surface conditioning obtained by thermal treatment of the stone surface by a high temperature flame in a very short time 5.10 gel time time required to change a flowable resin to a non-flowable gel condition 5.11 ground finish surface treatment obtained by means of a grinding disk bon
39、ded with silicium carbide to produce a flat, uniform surface 5.12 hardening of a thermosetting resin change in the physical properties of a fluid resin, obtained through a thermal or chemical reaction, by which the resin assumes a solid structure and develops mechanical strength 5.13 honed finish su
40、rface treatment to obtain a dull polish or matt surface 5.14 hot curing hardening reaction of a thermosetting resin which occurs, in presence of an initiator, for the temperature increase with or without the addition of the accelerator 5.15 matt finish surface treatment obtained by means of a silici
41、um carbide bonded polishing disk with grain size F 400, to produce a very flat, uniform, but not polished finish 5.16 moulding operation by which through the application of mechanical pressure and/or vibration it is possible to compact the mixture constituted by the aggregates and the binding paste
42、to the form of a mould 5.17 moulding under vacuum operation by which the application of mechanical pressure and/or vibration is made at very low residual pressure (close to absolute vacuum) EN 14618:2009 (E) 10 5.18 open cast moulding operation by which the application of vibration and/or mechanical
43、 pressure is made in open air 5.19 polished finish surface treatment obtained by means of a polish disk or felt to produce a high gloss finish 5.20 pot life time of workability of a cured resin 5.21 sand blasted finish matt finishing resulting from the impact of sand or other abrasive grains expelled by a sand jet 5.22 sawn finish finish resulting from the gang saw of the material without further treatment 5.23 surface treatment application of certain materials (i.e. chemicals) to the exposed face of a slab 6 Terminolog