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1、Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/Exchange China Standards Information Centre, 19 March 2003, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 12198-2:2002 Safety of machinery Assessment and reduction of risks arising from radiation emitted by machinery Part 2: Radiation emission measurement procedure T
2、he European Standard EN 12198-2:2002 has the status of a British Standard ICS 13.110; 17.240 ? Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/Exchange China Standards Information Centre, 19 March 2003, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 标准分享网 w w w .b z f x w .c o m 免费下载 BS EN 12198-2:2002 This British Standard, having been
3、prepared under the direction of the Engineering Sector Policy and Strategy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 6 December 2002 BSI 6 December 2002 ISBN 0 580 40901 5 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language ve
4、rsion of EN 12198-2:2002. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee MCE/3, Safeguarding of machinery, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British St
5、andards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. T
6、his publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible in
7、ternational/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the E
8、N title page, pages 2 to 14, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright date displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. DateComments Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/Exchange China Standards Information Centre, 19 Ma
9、rch 2003, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 12198-2 November 2002 ICS 13.110; 17.240 English version Safety of machinery - Assessment and reduction of risks arising from radiation emitted by machinery - Part 2: Radiation emission measurement procedure Sc
10、urit des machines - Estimation et rduction des risques engendrs par les rayonnements mis par les machines - Partie 2: Procdures de mesurage des missions de rayonnement Sicherheit von Maschinen - Bewertung und Verminderung des Risikos der von Maschinen emittierten Strahlung - Teil 2: Messverfahren fr
11、 die Strahlenemission This European Standard was approved by CEN on 16 October 2002. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists a
12、nd bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibil
13、ity of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Neth
14、erlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2002 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserv
15、ed worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 12198-2:2002 E Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/Exchange China Standards Information Centre, 19 March 2003, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 标准分享网 w w w .b z f x w .c o m 免费下载 EN 12198-2:2002 (E) 2 Contents page Foreword3 Introduction.4 1Scope 4 2Normative re
16、ferences5 3Terms and definitions5 4Classification of radiation.6 5Physical quantities to be measured.6 6Measurement procedure.6 6.1Warning.6 6.2Measurement apparatus6 6.3Procedures .6 6.4Report of the measurements8 Annex A (informative) Measurements techniques of different kind of radiations9 A.1Ele
17、ctric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields9 A.2Optical radiation.11 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship of this document with EC Directives13 Bibliography14 Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/Exchange China Standards Information Centre, 19 March 2003, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 12198-2:2002 (E) 3 Forew
18、ord This document EN 12198-2:2002 has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN /TC 114 “Safety of machinery“, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest
19、by May 2003, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2003. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EC Directive(s). For relationship with
20、 EC Directives, see informative annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. This European Standard deals with the essential requirement “Radiation“ (see EN 292-2:1991, annex A, paragraph 1.5.10). Annex A is informative. This document includes a Bibliography. According to the CEN/CENELEC In
21、ternal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard : Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, S
22、witzerland and the United Kingdom. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/Exchange China Standards Information Centre, 19 March 2003, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 标准分享网 w w w .b z f x w .c o m 免费下载 EN 12198-2:2002 (E) 4 Introduction Machinery supplied by electrical power or containing radiation sources may emit
23、 radiation or generate electric and/or magnetic fields. The radiation emissions will vary in frequency and magnitude. EN 12198-1 contains the general principles of risk assessment of radiation emission by machinery. EN 12198-3 contains details of protective measures for avoiding or reducing radiatio
24、n exposure of persons by reducing emissions and requiring the provision of information. Designers should identify the radiation hazards arising from machinery in accordance with the general principles set out in EN 12198-1. In order to assess the risks and categorize the radiation emissions, designe
25、rs need to quantify the hazards. Measurements are made in accordance with the following clauses in order to : check the level of safety integration in the design of machinery ; give a basis for the categorization according to 7.1 of EN 12198-1:2000 ; assess the ability of machinery to be operated, s
26、et and maintained without any hazard to persons when setting and maintenance operations are carried out under the conditions specified by the manufacturer ; detect and measure, any radiation leakage ; determine areas where radiation emissions may create a health and safety hazard ; enable potential
27、users to make comparisons of the radiation emission from different machines. In case of particular difficulties, measurements can be supplemented by duly justified calculations. Annex A gives information about the techniques of measurement of the different types of radiations. The standard technique
28、s will be specified in other standards as they are developed. Other methods and detectors can be developed, their omission from this annex does not exclude their use. If no standard measurement techniques exists, then an accepted scientific procedure should be applied and appropriate details given.
29、This document is a type B standard as stated in EN 1070. The provisions of this document may be supplemented or modified by a type C standard. NOTEFor machines which are covered by the scope of a type C standard and which have been designed and built according to the provisions of that standard, the
30、 provisions of that type C standard take precedence over the provisions of this type B standard. 1 Scope This European Standard defines basic technology and specifies general procedures for making and reporting measurements of quantities related to radiation emitted by machinery. It covers the diffe
31、rent radiation emissions as defined in EN 12198-1. This standard applies to machinery as defined in 3.1 of EN 292-1:1991. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/Exchange China Standards Information Centre, 19 March 2003, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 12198-2:2002 (E) 5 2 Normative references This European Sta
32、ndard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text, and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply
33、to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments). EN 294:1992, Safety of machinery - Safety distance to prevent danger zones being reached by the upper limbs. EN 10
34、70:1998, Safety of machinery Terminology. EN 12198-1:2000, Safety of machinery Assessment and reduction of risks arising from radiation emitted by machinery Part 1: General principles. IEC 60050-111:1996, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary - Chapter 111: Physics and chemistry. IEC 60050-121:1
35、998, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary - Part 121: Electromagnetism. IEC 60050-161:1990, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary - Chapter 161: Electromagnetic compatibility. IEC 60050-881:1983, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary Chapter 881 : Radiology and radiological physics. 3 T
36、erms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard, the terms and definitions given in EN 1070:1998 and the following apply. Additional definitions specifically needed for this standard are contained in EN 12198-1:2000. The terms and definitions given in IEC 60050-111:1996, IEC 60050-12
37、1:1998, IEC 60050-161:1990 and IEC 60050-881:1983, are also applicable. 3.1 operating conditions conditions existing, including operating parameters, during the mode or phase of operation of the machine under test 3.2 no-load operation operation during which the machinery operates without any proces
38、sed material in place, with all its components and special auxiliaries in operation (pumps, hydraulic set, suction system, etc.) and all moving parts in action (spindles, tables, carriages, etc.) within the limits of its possibilities 3.3 operation under load operation during which the machinery is
39、running in an operational way with processed material and with all its components and special auxiliaries 3.4 phase of operation time interval during which the machine performs a particular function 3.5 operating cycle complete sequence of phases of operation from the introduction of the processed m
40、aterial to its removal or transfer to the next workstation 3.6 measurement time the period during which radiation measurements are made Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/Exchange China Standards Information Centre, 19 March 2003, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 标准分享网 w w w .b z f x w .c o m 免费下载 EN 12198-2:20
41、02 (E) 6 This will be specified by both the duration of the measurement and the point in time related to the phase of operation of the machine at which the measurement is made 3.7 averaging period period over which the characterization assessment shall be made. The measured emissions are time averag
42、ed as appropriate in order to take into account any variation in emission over this averaging period 4 Classification of radiation Classification of radiation is given in clause 4 of EN 12198-1:2000. Machinery shall be so designed and constructed that any emission of radiation is limited to the exte
43、nt necessary for its operation and that the effects on exposed persons are non-existent or reduced to non-dangerous proportions (see EN 292-2:1991, annex A, subclause 1.5.10). 5 Physical quantities to be measured The physical quantities to be measured and their associated units are given in annex B
44、of EN 12198-1:2000. 6 Measurement procedure 6.1 Warning Before carrying out measurements, estimates of the level of emission should be made to ensure that persons are not exposed to hazardous radiation emission without adequate protection. This estimation should also prevent overloading of measureme
45、nt equipment. 6.2 Measurement apparatus Accuracy, measuring range, selectivity, directionality, time resolution, and spectral sensitivity of the measurement device shall be appropriate to measure the radiation emission and enable the result to be compared with the specified radiation emission catego
46、ry values, given in annex B of EN 12198-1:2000. The selection of the measurement equipment and the procedure shall be made so that the introduction of the equipment or the presence of the person carrying out the measurement do not significantly perturb the radiation field under consideration. The ca
47、libration of the measurement equipment shall be traceable according to the relevant national calibration standards. 6.3 Procedures 6.3.1 General Measurements shall be performed in conditions such that there are no reflections or they can be neglected, so that the radiation emissions will not be over
48、estimated. The area around the machine shall be cleared of any objects not required for the machines operation and which might hinder the free propagation of the radiation(s) to be measured. 6.3.2 Operating conditions During measurement, the specified operating conditions shall be representative of
49、the greatest emission of radiation during intended use of the machinery. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/Exchange China Standards Information Centre, 19 March 2003, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI EN 12198-2:2002 (E) 7 Simulated and/or simplified operating conditions may be used provided that the manufacturers documentation has specified that these conditions are representative of the maximum radiation emissions. 6.3.3 Measurement points Requirements for classification Sufficie