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1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 1744-1:1998 The Eur
2、opean Standard EN 1744-1:1998 has the status of a British Standard ICS 91.100.20 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Tests for chemical properties of aggregates Part 1: Chemical analysis This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Sector
3、Board for Building and Civil Engineering, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 July 1998 BSI 1998 ISBN 0 580 29785 3 BS EN 1744-1:1998 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateText affected National foreword This British Standard is the English
4、language version of EN 1744-1:1998. It is included in a package of European Standards declared by CEN/TC 154, and it will supersede BS 812-117:1988, BS 812-118:1988, BS 812-119:1985 and appendix B of BS 3797:1990, all of which, it is intended, will be withdrawn on 1999-12-01 if all the European Stan
5、dards included in the package are available. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee B/502, Aggregates, to Subcommittee B/502/6, Test methods, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible European committee any
6、 enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references Th
7、e British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled International Standards Correspondence Index, or by using the Find facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A Brit
8、ish Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a fron
9、t cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 26, an inside back cover and a back cover. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comite Europe en de Normalisation Europa isches Komitee fu r Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels 1998 CEN All rights of exp
10、loitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1744-1:1998 E EUROPEAN STANDARDEN 1744-1 NORME EUROPE ENNE EUROPA ISCHE NORM March 1998 ICS 71.040.40; 91.100.20 Descriptors: Aggregates, chemical properties, chemical analysis, determination, chlorides,
11、sulphates, sulphur, sulphites, organic compounds, lime, solubility, ignition losses English version Tests for chemical properties of aggregates Part1: Chemical analysis Essais pour de terminer les proprie te s chimiques des granulats Partie 1: Analyse chimique Pru fverfahren fu r chemische Eigenscha
12、ften von Gesteinsko rungen Teil 1: Chemische Analyse This European Standard was approved by CEN on 15 February 1998. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without an
13、y alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
14、 translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ire
15、land, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Page 2 EN 1744-1:1998 BSI 1998 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 154, Aggregates, of which the secretariat is held by BSI. This standard forms part of
16、a series of tests for chemical properties of aggregates. Test methods for other properties of aggregates will be covered by the following European Standards: EN 932, Tests for general properties of aggregates. EN 933, Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates. EN 1097, Tests for mechanical and
17、physical properties of aggregates. EN 1367, Tests for thermal and weathering properties of aggregates. The other parts of EN 1744 will be: Part 2: Determination of resistance to alkali reaction; Part 3: Water leaching test; Part 4: Determination of water susceptibility of fillers for bituminous mixt
18、ures. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 1998, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 1999. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Re
19、gulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and th
20、e United Kingdom. Contents Page Foreword2 1Scope3 2Normative references3 3Definitions3 4Reagents4 5Apparatus6 6General requirements for testing11 7Determination of water-soluble chloride salts using the Volhard method (reference method)12 Page 8Determination of water-soluble chloride salts by potent
21、iometry (alternative method)13 9Determination of water-soluble chloride salts using the Mohr method (alternative method)13 10Determination of water-soluble sulfates14 11Determination of total sulfur content15 12Determination of acid soluble sulfates16 13Determination of acid soluble sulfides16 14Det
22、ermination of components affecting the surface finish of concrete17 14.1 Examination for the presence of reactive iron sulfide particles17 14.2 Determination of lightweight contaminators17 15Determination of organic components affecting the setting and the hardening of cement18 15.1 Determination of
23、 humus content18 15.2 Determination of fulvo acid content18 15.3 Determination of organic contaminators by mortar method19 16Determination of water solubility21 17Determination of loss on ignition21 18Determination of free lime in steel slag21 18.1 General21 18.2 Determination of free lime by comple
24、xometry (reference method)21 18.3 Determination of free lime by conductometry (alternative method)22 18.4 Determination of free lime by acidimetry (alternative method)22 19Determination of unsoundness of blast-furnace and steel slags23 19.1 Determination of dicalcium silicate disintegration of air-c
25、ooled blast-furnace slag23 19.2 Determination of iron disintegration of air-cooled blast-furnace slag23 19.3 Determination of the expansion of steel slag23 Annex A (informative) Precision26 Annex B (informative) Bibliography26 Page 3 EN 1744-1:1998 BSI 1998 1 Scope This European Standard specifies p
26、rocedures for the chemical analysis of aggregates. It specifies the reference procedures and, in certain cases, an alternative method which can be considered as giving equivalent results. If other methods are used it is necessary to show that they give results equivalent to those given by the refere
27、nce methods. NOTEIn cases of dispute, only the reference procedures should be used. Unless otherwise stated, the test methods specified in this European Standard may be used for factory production control, for audit tests or for type tests. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates
28、by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Sta
29、ndard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references, the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. EN 196-1:1993, Methods of testing cement Part 1: Determination of strength. EN 196-2:1987, Methods of testing cement Part 2: Chemical analysis of cement. EN
30、 196-3:1987, Methods of testing cement Part 3: Determination of setting time and soundness. ENV 197-1:1992, Cement Composition, specifications and conformity criteria Part 1: Common cements. EN 932-1:1996, Tests for general properties of aggregates Part 1: Methods for sampling. prEN 932-2, Tests for
31、 general properties of aggregates Part 2: Methods for reducing laboratory samples. prEN 932-5, Tests for general properties of aggregates Part 5: Common equipment and calibration. EN 933-2:1995, Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates Part 2: Determination of particle size distribution Test s
32、ieves, nominal size of apertures. prEN 1015-4, Methods of test for mortar for masonry Part 4: Determination of consistence of fresh mortar (by plunger penetration). prEN 1015-9, Methods of test for mortar for masonry Part 9: Determination of service life of fresh mortars. prEN 1015-11, Methods of te
33、st for mortar for masonry Part 11: Determination of flexural and compressive strength of hardened mortar. prEN 1097-6, Tests for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates Part 6: Determination of particle density and water absorption. ISO 384:1978, Laboratory glassware Principles of design an
34、d construction of volumetric glassware. ISO 648:1977, Laboratory glassware One-mark pipettes. ISO 650:1977, Relative density 60/60 degrees F hydrometers for general purposes. ISO 1042:1983, Laboratory glassware One-mark volumetric flasks. ISO 4788:1980, Laboratory glassware Graduated measuring cylin
35、ders. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this standard, the following definitions apply. 3.1 test portion the sample used as a whole in a single test 3.2 test specimen when a test method requires more than one determination of a property, the test specimen is the sample used in a single determination
36、 3.3 laboratory sample a reduced sample derived from a bulk sample for laboratory testing 3.4 constant mass successive weighings after drying at least 1 h apart not differing by more than 0,1 % NOTEIn many cases constant mass can be achieved after a test portion has been dried for a predetermined pe
37、riod in a specified oven at (1105) 8C. Test laboratories can determine the time required to achieve constant mass for specific types and sizes of sample dependent upon the drying capacity of the oven used. 3.5 batch a production quantity, a delivery quantity, a partial delivery quantity (railway wag
38、on-load, lorry-load, ships cargo) or a stockpile produced at one time under conditions that are presumed uniform NOTEWith a continuous process the quantity produced during an agreed period is treated as a batch. 3.6 fines the particle size fraction of an aggregate which passes the 0,063 mm sieve Pag
39、e 4 EN 1744-1:1998 BSI 1998 4 Reagents Unless otherwise stated, use only analytical grade reagents and demineralized water, or water of equivalent purity. NOTE 1Unless otherwise stated, % means % by mass. NOTE 2Where no tolerances are given for reagent volumes or masses, the values quoted are approx
40、imate. In such cases volumes delivered from measuring cylinders and indicated masses using the ordinary balances specified in 5.2.4 and 5.2.5 are considered sufficiently accurate for the purposes of this European Standard. NOTE 3Unless otherwise stated, reagent solutions may be assumed to have long
41、term stability. NOTE 4All chemicals should be treated as potential poisons with toxic properties and appropriate precautions taken before their use. Always take time to assess possible hazards before starting any procedures and constant attention should be maintained. 4.1 General requirements for de
42、nsities The following concentrated liquid reagents required by this standard shall have the following densities in grams per cubic centimetre at 20 8C: hydrochloric acid: 1,18 to 1,19; nitric acid: 1,40 to 1,42; sulfuric acid: 1,84; ammonium hydroxide: 0,88 to 0,91. The degree of dilution shall be i
43、ndicated as a volumetric sum. NOTE 1For example in 4.11.4, hydrochloric acid (1 + 1) means that 1 volume of concentrated hydrochloric acid is to be mixed with 1 volume of water. NOTE 2Ready for use solutions are allowed as an alternative. 4.2 Reagents for determination of water-soluble chloride salt
44、s using the Volhard method (clause 7) 4.2.1 Silver nitrate (AgNO3) solution, 0,100 mol/l, prepared by drying about 20 g of silver nitrate for at least 1 h at a temperature of (1105) 8C, allowing to cool in a desiccator and then weighing (16,9870,001) g of the dried silver nitrate, dissolving in wate
45、r and diluting to 1 l in a volumetric flask (5.3.6). Store the solution in the amber-coloured glass reagent bottle (5.2.14) and protect from prolonged exposure to sunlight. 4.2.2 Thiocyanate (KSCN or NH4SCN) solution, approximately 0,1 mol/l, prepared by dissolving 9,7 g of potassium thiocyanate or
46、7,6 g ammonium thiocyanate in water and diluting to 1 l in a volumetric flask. Pipette 25 ml of silver nitrate solution (4.2.1) into a flask (5.3.5) and add 5 ml of nitric acid (4.2.3) and 1 ml of ammonium iron (III) sulfate indicator solution (4.2.5). Add the thiocyanate solution from a burette (5.
47、2.13) until the first permanent colour change occurs, that is from white opalescence to pale brown. Note the volume of thiocyanate solution added. Calculate the concentration of the thiocyanate solution cT(in moles per litre) from the following equation: cT= 2,5/V1 where V1is the volume of thiocyana
48、te added (in millilitres). Standardize the solution at weekly intervals or before use if the tests are carried out infrequently. 4.2.3 Nitric acid (HNO3), approximately 6 mol/l, prepared by adding 100 ml of nitric acid (4.1) to 150 ml water, boiling the diluted acid in a fume cupboard (5.2.17) until
49、 it is colourless and allow to cool to room temperature. 4.2.4 Chloride free technical grade 3,5,5,-trimethylhexan-1-ol. 4.2.5 Ammonium iron (III) sulfate NH4Fe(SO4)212H2O indicator solution, prepared by adding 60 g of water to 50 g ammonium iron (III) sulfate, warming to dissolve, and adding 10 ml nitric acid (4.2.3). Allow the solution to cool to room temperature and store in a glass bottle (5.2.15). 4.3 Reagents for potentiometric determination of water-soluble chloride salts (clause 8) 4.3.