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1、BRITISH STANDARD Glossary of -Building and civil engineering terms - Part O: Introduction ICs 01.040.91; 01.040.93; 91.010.01; 93.010 BS 6100-0:2002 NO COPYING WITHOUi BSI PERMISSION EXCEF“ AS PERMIITED BY COPYRIGHT LAW BS 6100-0:2002 Amd. No. Committees responsible for this British Standard Date Co
2、mments The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted to Technical Committee B/500, Basic data, upon which the following bodies were represented: Association of Building Engineers Construction Confederation Consumer Policy Committee of BSI Construction Products Association Department of the
3、Environment, Transport and the Regions - Construction Institution of Civil Engineers Institution of Structural Engineers The following bodies were also represented in the drafting of the standard, through subcommittee B/500/4, Terminology: British Waterways Board Clay Pipe Development Association Lt
4、d Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions - Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions - Federation of Plastering and Drywall Contractors Guild of Architectural Ironmongers Gypsum Products Development Association Royal Institute of British Architects Royal Institution
5、of Chartered Surveyors Timber Trade Federation Water UK Directorate Construction Directorate Central Transport Group This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Sector Committee for Building and Civil Engineering, was published under the authority of the Standards Committe
6、e on 11 June 2002 O BSI 11 June 2002 First published February 1984 Second edition December 1986 Third edition April 1990 Fourth edition December 1992 Fifth edition June 2002 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard Committee reference B1500 ISBN 0580 38783 6 BS 6100-0:2002 Co
7、ntents Committees responsible Foreword Page Inside front cover 11 Introduction 1 Scope 2 Structure of the glossary 3 Guidance for using the glossary 1 1 1 2 4 Contents of the glossary 4 Index 7 Bibliography 1 O0 i O BSI 11 June 2002 BS 6100-0:2002 Foreword This part of BS 6100 has been prepared unde
8、r the direction of Technical Committee B/500. It supersedes BS 6100-0: 1992, which is withdrawn. This revision updates the glossary to reflect revisions and amendments of other published parts, sections and subsections of BS 6100. To ensure coordination and consistency throughout the construction in
9、dustry, a single British Standard, BS 6100, has been published to replace a variety of specialized publications. It consists of several parts that are in turn divided into sections and, in some cases, into subsections (see clause 4). This presentation allows new material, mainly from international a
10、nd European standards, to be incorporated without difficulty. This glossary is intended as a basic reference document providing a comprehensive list of terms that will promote better understanding between various sections of the construction industry, facilitate trade and provide better tools for im
11、proving handling of information. Many of the definitions given in this glossary are essentially the same as those used in other standards. Rationalization of terminology is a two way process, and as BS 6100 will be revised to take account of new requirements observed in new standards, so the use of
12、the definitions given in this glossary will be encouraged, to promote wider acceptance and recognition of standardized terminology. Many of the definitions given in this glossary are intended for general use whereas definitions in other standards are intended to clarify the meaning of terms in that
13、particular standard. Legal definitions in a particular statute are for the purposes of that statute and may be different from the definitions in this glossary. This glossary has been structured so that general terms for basic concepts are grouped together to form a foundation on which more specializ
14、ed terms are based. The most general terms will be found in BS 6100-1.0, with the more specialized terms forming individual sections or subsections of other parts. When existing British Standard glossaries are superseded by sections or subsections of this glossary, they will be withdrawn. The relati
15、onship between a section or subsection of this glossary and an existing glossary will be explained in the foreword to each section or subsection. A British Standard does not purport to include all necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct applic
16、ation. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages 1 to 100, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this docume
17、nt indicates when the document was last issued. 11 O BSI 11 June 2002 w w w . b z f x w . c o m BS 6100-0:2002 Introduction The UK construction industry covers a wide range of people and skills and operates in many countries; it brings together many different developing technologies. Standardizing t
18、he formal language that the industry uses for instructions, specifications, orders, etc., helps to improve communications and avoid ambiguity. Previous glossaries in the construction industry have often been restricted to specialist fields and have largely been known and used only by specialists. Th
19、e improvement effected by bringing these glossaries together, removing conflicts and inconsistencies, and supplementing them with more general terms will ensure that they become more widely used throughout the industry and will raise the level of awareness of the importance of using language correct
20、ly. An important difference between dictionaries and glossaries is that the former describes all the idiosyncrasies of everyday use of a word whereas a glossary attempts to eliminate the conflicts and prevent overlapping use. The conflicts are eliminated by looking for the central concepts implicit
21、in the terms everybody uses. This can mean reducing the number of terms available for certain concepts, giving prominence to national terms over regional terms and in some cases, restricting the meaning of terms to narrower concepts than those in everyday use. Greater precision of language is achiev
22、ed when a single term is used for a concept, and where the relationships between concepts are shown explicitly. Where the glossary corresponds with, or utilizes material from, an international or European standard, then precise relationships between concepts and terms in a multiplicity of languages
23、can be established. Technological developments in the industry and in the way it is starting to handle information require an up-to-date and more precise language. This glossary is intended as a step towards developing such a language, and should both assist the reader of technical literature to und
24、erstand the meaning of terms used, and assist technical writers to use terms in their correct and up-to-date sense. It can also be used as a model of good practice in terminology work. 1 Scope This part of BS 6100 gives general information relevant to all parts, sections and subsections of this glos
25、sary, background information, guidance on using the glossary, a list of the sections and subsections of the glossary and a general alphabetical index of those that have been published at the date of the publication of this part. This glossary covers all topics that are the responsibility of the Sect
26、or Committee for Building and Civil Engineering. Some terms are included which do not have special meaning in the construction industry but are considered necessary to help readers understand the more specialized terms. Typically these include general physical properties, terms relating to testing a
27、nd standardization. Scottish terms and important regional terms are included, either in their own right or as accepted alternatives to preferred terms. Local terms, where included, are given as deprecated equivalents of preferred terms. 2 Structure of the glossary BS 6100 is divided into parts and s
28、ections and in some cases subsections (see clause 4). The index of terms included in this part will be updated periodically as further sections and subsections are published. Each section and subsection of the glossary includes a contents list, a foreword and an alphabetical index. Guidance on the u
29、se of the glossary is given in the foreword, together with any information particular to that section or subsection, e.g. whether an existing standard is superseded and the relationship (if any) to international and national standards. Within each section or subsection of the glossary, the terms are
30、 arranged in groups of associated terms (e.g. tools and equipment, properties). In some cases, these groups are further divided into subgroups. The heading of both the groups and subgroups are given in the contents list of each section or subsection. Where appropriate, generic terms that have alread
31、y been included in other sections or subsections are repeated, together with their definitions. Within each group or subgroup, the terms that are closely associated are arranged in a logical order; if there is no strong association, then the terms are arranged alphabetically. Supplementary informati
32、on in the form of illustrations and displays of relationship between terms is given in some sections and subsections of the glossary. The definitions in this glossary have been formulated in accordance with the principles and methods for terminology work of IS0 704, and in such a manner that each de
33、finition would still make sense if removed from its context. 1 O BSI 11 June 2002 w w w . b z f x w . c o m BS 6100-0:2002 3 Guidance for using the glossary 3.1 Term number Each term is given a unique reference to its place in the glossary by means of a term number of seven digits. The term number c
34、onsists of two parts, the first of three digits, the second of four. The first three digits represent the part, section and subsection. The fourth digit represents the group of terms, the fifth digit represents the subgroup of terms and the last two digits represent the place within the subgroup. If
35、 there is no subsection, group or subgroup, the relevant digit will be zero. The first part of the term number is common to all terms within a section or subsection of the standard. The following shows the construction of the term number diagrammatically. Example. 613 1204 represents: Sixth part Fir
36、st section Third subsection First Group Second subgroup Fourth term (i.e. 04) NOTE 1 The first section of Part 6 is designated 6 . 1 for ease of reference. NOTE 2 The indexes refer to the term number, not the page number. 3.2 Words in bold in definitions Bold words in definitions indicate terms that
37、 are defined elsewhere in the same section or subsection (in sections and subsections published before the middle of 1999 these words were italicized). The same words, when used in a dictionary sense rather than as special construction terms, are in medium type. 3.3 Deprecated, regional and non-pref
38、erred terms; abbreviations Deprecated, regional and non-preferred terms are given in medium type below the preferred term to which they relate. Their status is indicated. They form part of the entry for the preferred term and so are not separately numbered. In the index they are in medium type, unli
39、ke preferred terms which are in bold. The reference number given is that of the preferred term. Abbreviations are given in bold type below the term to which they relate. They form part of the entry for the preferred term and so are not separately numbered. In the index they are also in bold and the
40、reference number given is that of the unabbreviated term. 3.4 Repeated terms Where a term with the same definition is repeated in different sections or subsections, the term is listed only once in the index with a reference to each term number. 2 O BSI 11 June 2002 w w w . b z f x w . c o m BS 6100-
41、0:2002 EXAMPLE abutment 100 3156,210 6107 It is not possible to keep all parts of the glossary equally up-to-date, and some definitions that should be the same differ in some regard. In other words they have been revised or corrected in one section or subsection but not in another. The index entries
42、 for such terms take the form described above, but the version that is incorrect and in need of revision is marked with an asterisk. Reference should be made to the version that is not marked with an asterisk. Some terms have more than one meaning. Where this occurs in different branches of the cons
43、truction industry, the term will appear in different sections or subsections of the glossary. In the index the individual definitions are qualified by number e.g. (i), (2), (3), etc. to indicate that different definitions are given. The references show where the definitions will be found. The first
44、three digits of the term number indicate the context. EXAMPLE junction (1) 242 2317 junction (2) 330 3105 This example indicates that junction has two alternative definitions and appears in both subsection 2.4.2: Railway engineering, and in section 3.3: Sanitation. Where the same term appears more t
45、han once in the same section or subsection but with different definitions, such terms are listed separately in that section or subsection for each alternative definition with a (i), (2), etc. to indicate that different definitions are given. EXAMPLE jumper (1) 520 2212 jumper (2) 520 3105 The qualif
46、ying numbers (i), (2), (3) and (4), etc. are employed in the index to show how many different definitions of each term there are in the glossary as a whole. A term with only one definition needs no such qualification. The qualifying numbers used in this part are not always the same as the qualifying
47、 numbers appearing in individual sections or subsections. If a term is used in only one sense in one section it has no qualifying number in that section even if it is used with a different meaning in another section. A more complex situation is illustrated by the index entries for saddle: saddle (1)
48、 132 6009 saddle (2) 132 8208 saddle (3) 330 7103 saddle (4) 330 3806 This term occurs twice in subsection 1.3.2: Roofs and roofing where the definitions are numbered (1) and (2) and twice in section 3.3: Sanitation where the definitions are also numbered (1) and (2). The index in this part has to s
49、how that there are four different definitions. If a term is used as a preferred term with one definition, and as a deprecated term with a different definition, the preferred use is in bold type in the index, and the deprecated use in medium type. EXAMPLE brick tile 530 2013 brick tile 530 2014 3.5 Term inversion Terms of more than one word, e.g. “reinforced concrete” are written in a direct style, not as “concrete, reinforced”. However, the inverted term will also be included in the index with a reference to the direct term. 3.6 Plural terms In most cases terms are given in the singular,