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1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 1976:1998 The Europ
2、ean Standard EN 1976:1998 has the status of a British Standard ICS 77.150.30 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Copper and copper alloys Cast unwrought copper products This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Engineering Sector Board,
3、 was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 August 1998 BSI 1998 ISBN 0 580 29724 1 BS EN 1976:1998 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateText affected National foreword This British Standard is the English language version of EN 1976:1998. Togethe
4、r with BS EN 1978:1998 it supersedes BS 6017:1981 which is withdrawn. The great majority of user requirements across Europe for silver-bearing copper grades are satisfied by just three levels of silver content. The demand for two of the five levels of silver in the grades included in the previous Br
5、itish Standard was considered to be insufficient to warrant their retention and consequently there are no equivalents for Cu-Ag-1 and Cu-Ag-5 standardized in BS EN 1976. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee NFE/34, Copper and copper alloys, to Subcommittee NFE
6、/34/1, Wrought and unwrought copper and copper alloys, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international
7、and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in th
8、e BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled International Standards Correspondence Index, or by using the Find facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are respon
9、sible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 14, an inside back cover and a back cover. CEN European Comm
10、ittee for Standardization Comite Europe en de Normalisation Europa isches Komitee fu r Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels 1998 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1976:1998 E EUROPEAN STAND
11、ARDEN 1976 NORME EUROPE ENNE EUROPA ISCHE NORM March 1998 ICS 77.150.30 Descriptors: Copper, copper alloys, unwrought products, designation, chemical composition, grades: quality, electrical properties, dimensions, dimensional tolerances, sampling, tests, marking English version Copper and copper al
12、loys Cast unwrought copper products Cuivre et alliages de cuivre Formes brutes de coule e en cuivre Kupfer und Kupferlegierungen Gegossene Rohformen aus Kupfer This European Standard was approved by CEN on 28 February 1998. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations wh
13、ich stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European St
14、andard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national st
15、andards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Page 2 EN 1976:1998 BSI 1998 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technica
16、l Committee CEN/TC 133, Copper and copper alloys, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. Within its programme of work, Technical Committee CEN/TC 133 requested CEN/TC 133/WG 1, Unwrought copper products, to prepare the following standard: EN 1976, Copper and copper alloys Cast unwrought copper pro
17、ducts. This is one of a series of European Standards for products manufactured from refined copper grades. Other products are specified as follows: EN 1977, Copper and copper alloys Copper drawing stock (wire rod). EN 1978, Copper and copper alloys Copper cathodes. This European Standard shall be gi
18、ven the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 1998, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 1998. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organ
19、izations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Contents Page Forewor
20、d 1Scope3 2Normative references3 3Definitions3 4Designations3 4.1 Material3 4.2 Product3 5Ordering information4 6Requirements4 6.1 Composition4 6.2 Electrical properties4 6.3 Hydrogen embrittlement4 6.4 Scale adhesion4 6.5 Dimensions, mass and tolerances4 6.6 Physical condition of refinery shapes4 7
21、Sampling4 7.1 Arrangement of lots for sampling purposes4 7.2 Inspection lots for analysis and physical testing4 8Test methods12 8.1 Analysis12 8.2 Physical tests12 8.3 Rounding of results12 9Declaration of conformity and inspection documentation12 9.1 Declaration of conformity12 9.2 Inspection docum
22、entation12 10Marking12 Annex A (informative) Available forms and grades13 Annex B (informative) Information on electrical resistivity and conductivity relationships14 Annex C (informative) Bibliography14 ? Page 3 EN 1976:1998 BSI 1998 1 Scope This European Standard specifies the composition and phys
23、ical properties of cast unwrought copper products (refinery shapes) in thirteen grades of copper and nine silver-bearing copper grades. The refinery shapes included are horizontally, vertically and continuously cast wire bars, cakes, billets and ingots. Wire bars, cakes and billets are intended for
24、fabricating into wrought products; ingots are intended for alloying in wrought and cast copper alloys. A table indicating the refinery shapes in which each copper grade is normally available is given in annex A (informative). Annex B (informative) gives information on the relationships between elect
25、rical resistivity and conductivity of copper. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates, by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated
26、 references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references, the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. EN 1655, Copper and copper alloys Declarations of
27、conformity. EN 10204, Metallic products Types of inspection documents. EN ISO 2626, Copper Hydrogen embrittlement test. (ISO 2626:1973). IEC 468, Methods of measurement of resistivity of metallic materials. ISO 197-2, Copper and copper alloys Terms and definitions Part 2: Unwrought products (refiner
28、y shapes). ISO 4746, Oxygen-free copper Scale adhesion test. NOTEInformative references to documents used in the preparation of this standard, and cited at the appropriate places in the text, are listed in a bibliography, see annex C. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this standard, the definitions
29、for the various refinery shapes given in ISO 197-2 apply. 4 Designations 4.1 Material 4.1.1 General The material is designated either by symbol or number (see Tables 1 to 4). 4.1.2 Symbol The material symbol designation is based on the designation system given in ISO 1190-1. NOTEAlthough material sy
30、mbol designations used in this standard might be the same as those in other standards using the designation system given in ISO 1190-1, the detailed composition requirements are not necessarily the same. 4.1.3 Number The material number designation is in accordance with the system given in EN 1412.
31、4.2 Product The product designation provides a standardized pattern of designation from which a rapid and unequivocal description of a product is conveyed in communication. It provides mutual comprehension at the international level with regard to products which meet the requirements of the relevant
32、 European Standard. The product designation is no substitute for the full content of the standard. The product designation for products to this standard shall consist of: denomination (billet, wire bar, cake or ingot); number of this European Standard (EN 1976); material designation, either symbol o
33、r number (see Tables 1 to 4); cross-sectional shape (the following designations shall be used as appropriate: RND for round, SQR for square, RCT for rectangular); nominal dimensions (diameter, or width 3 thickness, and length); nominal unit mass, (if appropriate). The derivation of a product designa
34、tion is shown in the following example. EXAMPLE Billets conforming to this standard, in material designated either Cu-ETP or CR004A, round cross-section, nominal diameter 250 mm 3 nominal length 1 000 mm, shall be designated as follows: Billet EN 1976 Cu-ETP RND250 3 1 000; or Billet EN 1976 CR004A
35、RND250 3 1 000 Denomination Number of this European Standard Material designation Cross-sectional shape and nominal dimensions in millimetres ? Page 4 EN 1976:1998 BSI 1998 5 Ordering information In order to facilitate the enquiry, order and confirmation of order procedures between the purchaser and
36、 the supplier, the purchaser shall state on his enquiry and order the following information: a) quantity of product required (mass); b) denomination (billet, wire bar, cake or ingot); c) number of this European Standard (EN 1976); d) material designation (see Tables 1 to 4); e) cross-sectional shape
37、 required; f) nominal dimensions (i.e. diameter, or width 3 thickness, and length) and nominal mass, where appropriate (see Table 7 for wire bar dimensions). NOTEIt is recommended that the product designation, as described in 4.2, is used for items b) to f). In addition, the purchaser shall also sta
38、te on the enquiry and order any of the following, if required: g) for ingots only, whether they are to be marked with a furnace charge mark; h) the tests, if any, which the purchaser requires to be carried out by the manufacturer on the material, selected from the tests appropriate to each copper gr
39、ade given in Table 6; i) whether a declaration of conformity is required (see 9.1); j) whether an inspection document is required, and if so, which type (see 9.2). 6 Requirements 6.1 Composition The composition of the refinery shapes shall conform to the requirements for the appropriate grade given
40、in Tables 1 to 4. 6.2 Electrical properties The maximum mass resistivity at 20 8C of each refinery shape shall conform to the appropriate requirements given in Table 5. The test shall be carried out in accordance with 8.2. 6.3 Hydrogen embrittlement Samples taken from refinery shapes in copper grade
41、s Cu-OF (CR008A), Cu-OF1 (CR007A), Cu-OFE (CR009A), Cu-HCP (CR021A), Cu-PHC (CR020A), Cu-PHCE (CR022A), Cu-DLP (CR023A), Cu-DHP (CR024A), Cu-DXP (CR025A), CuAg0,04(OF) (CR017A), CuAg0,07(OF) (CR018A), CuAg0,10(OF) (CR019A), CuAg0,04P (CR014A), CuAg0,07P (CR015A) and CuAg0,10P (CR016A) shall show no
42、evidence of cracking, when tested. The test shall be carried out in accordance with 8.2.2. 6.4 Scale adhesion Samples taken from refinery shapes in copper grade Cu-OFE (CR009A) shall meet the requirements of the scale adhesion test. The test shall be carried out in accordance with 8.2.3. 6.5 Dimensi
43、ons, mass and tolerances 6.5.1 Horizontally cast wire bars Horizontally cast wire bars, of various nominal masses, shall conform to the appropriate dimensions and tolerances given in Table 7 and Figure 1. 6.5.2 Billets Billets shall be of a cylindrical shape with both ends flat. The mass, diameter a
44、nd length and the maximum deviation from straightness shall conform to the tolerances given in Table 8. 6.5.3 Other shapes The mass, dimensions and straightness of vertically (either statically or continuously) cast wire bars, vertically and horizontally cast cakes and ingots, shall conform to the t
45、olerances given in Table 8. 6.6 Physical condition of refinery shapes Cakes, billets and wire bars shall be substantially free from shrinkage defects, gas holes, cracks, cold sets, pits, concave tops and other similar defects in set or casting. NOTENo physical condition requirements are specified fo
46、r ingots, as physical defects are generally of minor consequence. 7 Sampling 7.1 Arrangement of lots for sampling purposes For refinery shapes produced in a batch process, the manufacturer shall arrange lots for sampling purposes so that, as far as possible, each lot contains pieces from one furnace
47、 charge or production batch only. For refinery shapes produced in a continuous process, the manufacturer shall arrange lots so that, as far as possible, each lot contains pieces produced consecutively from the process. NOTEA lot is the number of, or aggregate mass of, individual refinery shapes, app
48、ropriate to the total amount ordered and to the means of shipment, which constitutes a unit for sampling purposes. 7.2 Inspection lots for analysis and physical testing For the routine sampling of refinery shapes for analysis or for the routine determination of physical properties, the method and ra
49、te of sampling each inspection lot shall be at the discretion of the sampler, unless otherwise specified by the purchaser. In cases of dispute concerning the analysis or physical properties, the method and rate of sampling each inspection lot shall be agreed between the supplier, the purchaser, and if necessary, any mutually accepted arbitrator. ? Page 5 EN 1976:1998 BSI 1998 Table 1 Composition of unalloyed copper grades made from Cu-CATH-1 (CR001A) Material designation Composition in