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1、 W - - - - - - - - - - 7 - 7- 77- - - - - - - - 7- $ $ - - -* - -* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - W W D - w - - - - EN 933-11:2009 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword . 3 1 Scope 4 2 Normative references . 4 3 Terms and Definitions 4 4 Principle . 5 5 Apparatus 5 6 Prepar
2、ation of test portion . 6 7 Procedure 6 8 Calculation and expression of results 10 9 Test report . 10 9.1 Required data 10 9.2 Optional data . 10 Annex A (informative) Additive to the test procedure for low proportions of floating particles . 12 Annex B (informative) Example of a test data sheet . 1
3、3 EN 933-11:2009 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 933-11:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 154 “Aggregates”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsem
4、ent, at the latest by October 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 2009. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identify
5、ing any or all such patent rights. This European Standard is one of a series of standards for tests for geometrical properties of aggregates. Test methods for other properties of aggregates are covered by parts of the following European Standards: EN 932 Tests for general properties of aggregates EN
6、 1097 Tests for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates EN 1367 Tests for thermal and weathering properties of aggregates EN 1744 Tests for chemical properties of aggregates EN 13179 Tests for filler aggregate used in bituminous mixtures The other parts of EN 933 are: Part 1: Determination
7、of particle size distribution - Sieving method Part 2: Determination of particle size distribution - Test sieves, nominal size of apertures Part 3: Determination of particle shape - Flakiness index Part 4: Determination of particle shape - Shape index Part 5: Determination of percentage of crushed a
8、nd broken surfaces in coarse aggregate particles Part 6: Assessment of surface characteristics - Flow coefficient of aggregates Part 7: Determination of shell content - Percentage of shells in coarse aggregates Part 8: Assessment of fines - Sand equivalent test Part 9: Assessment of fines - Methylen
9、e blue test Part 10: Assessment of fines - Grading of fillers (air jet sieving) According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmar
10、k, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. EN 933-11:2009 (E) 4 1 Scope This European Standard describes a
11、 simple method for the examination of coarse recycled aggregates for the purpose of identifying and estimating the relative proportions of constituent materials. This reference test method should be used for type testing and in case of dispute. For other purposes, in particular factory production co
12、ntrol, other methods may be used provided that an appropriate working relationship with the reference method has been established. NOTE 1 This method is not appropriate for lightweight aggregates covered by EN 13055 series. NOTE 2 If dangerous substances are found in while carrying out this method,
13、they should be dealt with in accordance with regulations in the place of use. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the refe
14、renced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 932-1, Tests for general properties of aggregates Part 1 Methods for sampling EN 932-2, Tests for general properties of aggregates Part 2 Methods for reducing laboratory samples EN 932-5, Tests for general properties of aggregates Part 5 Common
15、equipment and calibration EN 933-2, Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates Part 2: Determination of particle size distribution Test sieves, nominal size of apertures 3 Terms and Definitions For the purpose of this standard, the following terms and definitions apply: 3.1 aggregate size design
16、ation of aggregate in terms of lower (d) and upper (D) sieve sizes expressed as d/D NOTE This designation accepts the presence of some particles which will be retained on the upper sieve (oversize) and some which will pass the lower sieve (undersize). 3.2 particle size fraction di/Di fraction of an
17、aggregate passing the larger (Di) of two sieves and retained on the smaller (di) 3.3 constant mass successive weighings after drying at least 1 h apart not differing by more than 0,1 % NOTE In many cases constant mass can be achieved after a test portion has been dried for a pre- determined period i
18、n a specified oven at (110 5) C. Test laboratories can determine the time required to achieve constant mass for specific types and sizes of sample dependent upon the drying capacity of the oven used. EN 933-11:2009 (E) 5 3.4 floating particles particles that float in water 3.5 test portion sample us
19、ed as a whole in a single test 4 Principle The test consists of hand sorting particles from a test portion of coarse recycled aggregate into a list of constituents. The proportion of each constituent in the test portion is then determined and expressed as a percentage by mass, except for the proport
20、ion of floating particles which is expressed as a volume by mass. 5 Apparatus Unless otherwise stated, all apparatus shall conform to the general requirements of EN 932-5. 5.1 Test sieves, 63 mm and 4 mm conforming to EN 933-2. 5.2 Tightly fitting pan and lid, for the sieves. 5.3 Ventilated oven, th
21、ermostatically controlled to maintain a temperature of (40 5) C or (110 5) C. 5.4 Balance or scale, of suitable capacity and readable to 0,1g. 5.5 Trays 5.6 Brushes 5.7 Sieving machine, optional. 5.8 Watertight tank, of suitable capacity. 5.9 Stirrer 5.10 Dry soft absorbent rag 5.11 Graduated measur
22、ing cylinder, of suitable capacity, graduated to 1 or 5 cm3 (depending on the required precision for volume measurement). 5.12 Plunger, for the graduated cylinder. EN 933-11:2009 (E) 6 6 Preparation of test portion The sample shall be taken in accordance with EN 932-1 and reduced in accordance with
23、EN 932-2 to produce a test portion of minimum mass given in Table 1. Dry the sample at (40 5) C to constant mass. Weigh and record the dry mass of the sample as M0. NOTE In the absence of temperature sensitive constituents such as bituminous mixtures, the sample may be dried at (110 5) C. Record the
24、 drying temperature as T. Sieve the sample on the test sieves, agitating with sufficient vigour to ensure complete separation of particles greater than 4 mm. Weigh and record the mass of particles retained on the 63 mm sieve as M63, and then discard them. Weigh and record the mass of particles passi
25、ng the 4 mm sieve as M4, and then discard them. Record the mass of the obtained test portion as M1. Table 1 Guidance on mass of test portion Upper Aggregate size D Test portion mass (minimum) mm Kg 63 50 32 and below 20 NoteHigher test portion masses may be necessary to ensure sufficient precision i
26、n the determination of low proportions of restricted constituents, (see Annex A). 7 Procedure Separate and retain clay and soil from the test portion and put it in a tray. Immerse the rest of the test portion into the filled watertight tank and stir in order to wash the particles and release the flo
27、ating ones. Collect these floating particles and determine their volume VFL in cm3. For this purpose, gently surface dry them using the dry absorbent rag, then introduce them into the graduated cylinder filled with a known volume of water, sufficient to allow their total immersion. Use the plunger t
28、o achieve total immersion of the floating particles alone (see Figure 1), viz. do not immerse the plunger itself or entrap air, and use the cylinder gradation to assess the resulting volume increase. Collect the non-floating particles and dry them apart at same temperature as before to constant mass
29、. Spread these particles on a flat surface and separate by hand those belonging to constituent X as defined in Table 2. Put them in the tray together with the soil and the clay. Weigh and record the combined mass of particles as MX. EN 933-11:2009 (E) 7 Key 1 Plunger 2 Water level Figure 1 Example o
30、f determination of the volume of floating particles Table 2 Non-floating constituents of coarse recycled aggregates Constituent Description Rc Concrete, concrete products, mortar Concrete masonry units Ru Unbound aggregate, natural stone Hydraulically bound aggregate Rb Clay masonry units (i.e. bric
31、ks and tiles) Calcium silicate masonry units Aerated non-floating concrete Ra Bituminous materials Rg Glass X Other: Cohesive (i.e. clay and soil) Miscellaneous: metals (ferrous and non- ferrous), non-floating wood, plastic and rubber Gypsum plaster Weigh and record the mass of remaining non-floatin
32、g particles as M2. To facilitate the sorting, the number of these particles can be further reduced to at least 1000 particles according to EN 932-2. EN 933-11:2009 (E) 8 Table 3 gives guidance on the minimum mass required for this purpose. Table 3 Guidance on the mass of at least 1000 particles Uppe
33、r aggregate size D mm Minimum mass kg 63 50 32 10 20 4 16 2 14 1 8 0,5 NOTE Table 3 provides guidance on the mass required to provide 1000 particles. The actual mass depends upon the particle size distribution and particle density of the aggregate. Experience will allow test laboratories to estimate
34、 the mass required for materials that are tested routinely. Weigh and record the mass of the non-floating particles that remain to be sorted as M3. Separate them further into the constituents described in Table 2. Weigh and record the masses of each constituent as MRc, MRu, MRb, MRa, and MRg. Figure
35、 2 summarizes the various steps of the test procedure. EN 933-11:2009 (E) 9 Figure 2 Flow chart describing the test procedure EN 933-11:2009 (E) 10 8 Calculation and expression of results Record the various volume and masses on a test data sheet, an example of which is given in Annex B. Calculate th
36、e proportion of each constituent as follows: FL (cm3/kg) =1000 VFL / M1 X (%) = 100 MX / M1 Rc (%) = 100 (M2 / M1) (MRc / M3) Ru (%) = 100 (M2 / M1) (MRu / M3) Rb (%) = 100 (M2 / M1) (MRb / M3) Ra (%) = 100 (M2 / M1) (MRa /M3) Rg (%) = 100 (M2 / M1) (MRg / M3) Round these proportions to one decimal
37、place, except for percentages above or equal 10 % (no decimal). 9 Test report 9.1 Required data The test report shall include the following information: a) reference to this European Standard; b) identification of the sample; c) identification of the laboratory; d) sample reception date; e) proporti
38、on of each constituent; f) drying temperature; g) date of test. 9.2 Optional data The test report may include the following information: a) name and location of the sample source; b) description of the sample; c) description of the sample reduction procedure; EN 933-11:2009 (E) 11 d) sampling certif
39、icate, if available; e) mass of sample, M0; f) mass of sample retained on the 63 mm sieve, M63; g) mass of sample passing the 4 mm sieve, M4; h) mass of test portion, M1; i) mass M3. EN 933-11:2009 (E) 12 Annex A (informative) Additive to the test procedure for low proportions of floating particles
40、Depending on their end use, the maximum proportion of restricted constituents allowed in coarse recycled aggregate may be low. In this case, larger samples need to be tested, in order to provide representative and precise results. This is particularly the case with the proportion of floating particl
41、es in coarse recycled aggregate for specific concrete products. Therefore, this annex describes an additive to the test procedure stated in Clause 7, viz. a procedure that can be carried out after achievement of the procedure stated in Clause 7, aimed at determining the proportion of floating partic
42、les with a higher precision level. The 4/D sample (with D 63 mm) shall be taken in accordance with EN 932-1 and reduced in accordance with EN 932-2 to produce a test portion of minimum mass of 100 kg. Weigh the test portion as Mh. Assess its natural water content (w) on an Mw = 10 kg test portion sa
43、mpled from the same sample. Immerse the test portion progressively in a filled watertight tank of suitable capacity, in order to ensure complete release of the floating particles. Collect these floating particles and determine their volume according to the procedure defined in Clause 7. The proportion of floating particles is then given by the following Equation (1): FL (cm3/kg) = (1