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1、Copyright 1998 IEEE All Rights Reserved1 IEEE Std 644-1994 (R2008) (Revision of IEEE Std 644-1987) IEEE Standard Procedures for Measurement of Power Frequency Electric and Magnetic Fields From AC Power Lines Sponsor Transmission and Distribution Committee of the IEEE Power Engineering Society Reaffi
2、rmed 27 March 2008 Approved December 13, 1994 IEEE Standards Board Abstract: Uniform procedures for the measurement of power frequency electric and magnetic fields from alternating current (ac) overhead power lines and for the calibration of the meters used in these measurements are established. The
3、 procedures apply to the measurement of electric and magnetic fields close to ground level. The procedures can also be tentatively applied (with limitations, as specified in the standard) to electric fields near an energized conductor or structure. Keywords: ac power lines, electric field, magnetic
4、field, measurement The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 345 East 47th Street, New York, NY 10017-2394, USA Copyright 1995 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. All rights reserved. Published 1995. Printed in the United States of America. ISBN 1-55937-4
5、99-3 No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher Authorized licensed use limited to: Peking University. Downloaded on December 26,2010 at 15:42:48 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions a
6、pply. ii IEEE Standards documents are developed within the Technical Committees of the IEEE Societies and the Standards Coordinating Committees of the IEEE Standards Board. Members of the committees serve voluntarily and without compensation. They are not necessarily members of the Institute. The st
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16、 apply. iii Introduction (This introduction is not part of IEEE Std 644-1994, IEEE Standard Procedures for This Measurement of Power Frequency Electric and Magnetic Fields From AC Power Lines.) This standard is a revision of IEEE Std 644-1987 (a revision of IEEE Std 644-1979), which establishes unif
17、orm procedures for measuring power frequency electric and magnetic fields in the vicinity of ac power lines. The following revisions have been made and are intended to improve the usefulness of the document: a)Text has been introduced that permits the measurement of the resultant magnetic field usin
18、g three-axis (or single-axis) magnetic field meters. This change required revisions in the calibration procedure clauses and an explanation of the difference between maximum field value and resultant field value. b)Text (with appropriate bibliographical references) has been added to note that magnet
19、ic field calibration coil systems other than the one described in the standard may be used for calibration purposes, provided that the fields produced have comparable uniformity. c)Corrections in the text and improved figures. d)Clarification of text related to calibration uncertainty in the calibra
20、tion clauses. The working group draft was prepared by the AC Magnetic Fields Task Force of the AC Fields Working Group (R. G. Olsen, Chair) of the Corona and Field Effects Subcommittee of the Transmission and Distribution Committee. The Task Force had the following membership: M. Misakian, Chair K.
21、Bell T. D. Bracken R. E. Carberry V. L. Chartier R. Conti D. W. Deno F. M. Dietrich G. Gela K. C. Jaffa G. B. Johnson P. S. Maruvada S. J. Maurer T. J. McDermott R. C. Mukherji J. C. Niple R. G. Olsen G. B. Rauch S. Rodick S. A. Sebo C. H. Shih J. M. Silva J. R. Stewart J. M. Van Name P. S. Wong L.
22、E. Zaffanella The following persons were on the balloting committee: J. E. Applequist J. F. Buch K. Buchholz J. J. Burke V. L. Chartier W. T. Croker G. A. Davidson F. A. Denbrock W. E. Feero L. H. Fink G. Gela E. J. Goodwin I. S. Grant W. S. C. Henry H. M. Hesse W. Janischewskyj J. G. Kappenman G. G
23、. Karady N. Kolcio J. H. Mallory P. S. Maruvada T. J. McDermott F. D. Myers D. L. Nickel S. L. Nilsson R. G. Oswald R. J. Piwko J. R. Redmon E. W. Reid D. Reisinger F. A. M. Rizk N. P. Schmidt B. R. Shperling J. M. Silva J. R. Stewart J. M. Van Name F. S. Young Authorized licensed use limited to: Pe
24、king University. Downloaded on December 26,2010 at 15:42:48 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply. iv When the IEEE Standards Board approved this standard on December 13, 1994, it had the following membership: Wallace S. Read, Chair Donald C. Loughry, Vice Chair Andrew G. Salem, Secretary Gilles
25、A. Baril Bruce B. Barrow Jos A. Berrios de la Paz Clyde R. Camp James Costantino Stephen L. Diamond Donald C. Fleckenstein Jay Forster* Ramiro Garcia Donald N. Heirman Richard J. Holleman Jim Isaak Ben C. Johnson Sonny Kasturi Lorraine C. Kevra E. G. “Al” Kiener Ivor N. Knight Joseph L. Koepfinger*
26、D. N. “Jim” Logothetis L. Bruce McClung Marco W. Migliaro Mary Lou Padgett Arthur K. Reilly Ronald H. Reimer Gary S. Robinson Leonard L. Tripp *Member Emeritus Also included are the following nonvoting IEEE Standards Board liaisons: Satish K. AggarwalJames Beall Richard B. Engelman Robert E. Hebner
27、Stephen J. Huffman IEEE Standards Project Editor Authorized licensed use limited to: Peking University. Downloaded on December 26,2010 at 15:42:48 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply. v CLAUSEPAGE 1. Overview1 2. References.1 3. Definitions.1 4. Electric field strength meters 3 4.1 General char
28、acteristics. 3 4.2 Theory and operational characteristics 6 4.3 Calibration of electric field strength meters. 7 4.4 Immunity from interference. 12 4.5 Parameters affecting accuracy of electric field strength measurements 12 5. Electric field strength measurement procedures.13 5.1 Procedure for meas
29、uring electric field strength near power lines 13 5.2 Lateral profile. 14 5.3 Longitudinal profile. 14 5.4 Precautions and checks during E-field measurements. 15 5.5 Measurement uncertainty. 16 6. Magnetic field meters16 6.1 General characteristics of magnetic field meters. 16 6.2 Theory and operati
30、onal characteristics 16 6.3 Calibration of magnetic field meters 17 6.4 Immunity from interference. 21 6.5 Parameters affecting accuracy of magnetic field measurements. 21 7. Magnetic field measurement procedures 21 7.1 Procedure for measuring the magnetic field near power lines. 21 7.2 Lateral prof
31、ile. 22 7.3 Longitudinal profile. 22 7.4 Precautions and checks during B-field measurements. 22 7.5 Measurement uncertainty. 22 8. Reporting field measurements 22 9. Bibliography23 Annex A (informative) Units and conversion factors.25 Authorized licensed use limited to: Peking University. Downloaded
32、 on December 26,2010 at 15:42:48 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply. Authorized licensed use limited to: Peking University. Downloaded on December 26,2010 at 15:42:48 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply. Copyright 1995 IEEE All Rights Reserved1 IEEE Standard Procedures for Measurement of
33、Power Frequency Electric and Magnetic Fields From AC Power Lines 1. Overview The purpose of this standard is to establish uniform procedures for the measurement of power frequency electric and magnetic fields from alternating current (ac) overhead power lines and for the calibration of the meters us
34、ed in these measurements. A uniform procedure is a prerequisite to comparisons of electric and magnetic fields of various ac overhead power lines. These procedures apply to the measurement of electric and magnetic fields close to ground level. They can also be tentatively applied to electric field m
35、easurements near an energized conductor or structure with the limitations outlined in 4.5. 2. References This standard shall be used in conjunction with the following publication. IEEE Std 100-1992 , The New IEEE Standard Dictionary of Electrical and Electronics Terms (ANSI).1 3. Definitions For add
36、itional definitions, see IEEE Std 100-1992 . 2 3.1 crosstalk: The noise or extraneous signal caused by ac or pulse-type signals in adjacent circuits (measurement of power frequency magnetic fields). 1IEEE publications are available from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 445 Hoes
37、 Lane, P.O. Box 1331, Piscataway, NJ 08855- 1331, USA. 2Information on references can be found in clause 2. Authorized licensed use limited to: Peking University. Downloaded on December 26,2010 at 15:42:48 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply. 2Copyright 1995 IEEE All Rights Reserved IEEE Std 64
38、4-1994IEEE STANDARD PROCEDURES FOR MEASUREMENT OF POWER 3.2 electric field strength (electric field): At a given point in space, the ratio of force on a positive test charge placed at the point to the magnitude of the test charge, in the limit that the magnitude of the test charge goes to zero. The
39、electric field strength (E-field) at a point in space is a vector defined by it space components along three orthogonal axes. For steady-state sinusoidal fields, each space component is a complex number or phasor. The magnitudes of the components, expressed by their root-mean-square (rms) values in
40、volts per meter (V/m), and the phases need not be the same B1.3 See also: phasor. Note:The space components (phasors) are not vectors. The space components have a time dependent angle, while vectors have space angles. For example, the sinusoidal electric field E can be expressed in rectangular coord
41、inates as (1) The space component in the x-direction is The magnitude, phase angle, and time dependent angle are given by Ex0, x, and (x + t), respectively. In this representation the space angle of the x-component is specified by the unit vector x. An alternative general representation of a steady-
42、state sinusoidal E-field, derivable algebraically from equation (1) and perhaps more useful in characterizing power line fields, is a vector rotating in a plane where it describes an ellipse whose semimajor axis represents the magnitude and direction of the maximum value of the electric field, and w
43、hose semiminor axis represents the magnitude and direction of the field a quarter cycle later B1, B4. The electric field in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the ellipse is zero. See also: single-phase ac fields; polyphase ac fields. 3.3 frequency: The number of complete cycles of sinusoid
44、al variation per unit time. Notes:1) Electric and magnetic field components have a fundamental frequency equal to that of the power line voltages and currents. 2) For ac power lines, the most widely used frequencies are 60 and 50 Hz. 3.4 harmonic content: Distortion of a sinusoidal waveform characte
45、rized by indication of the magnitude and order of the Fourier series terms describing the wave. Note:For power lines, the harmonic content is small and of little concern for the purpose of field measurements, except at points near large industrial loads (saturated power transformers, rectifiers, alu
46、minum and chlorine plants, etc.) where certain harmonics may reach 10% of the line voltage. Laboratory installations also may have voltage or current sources with significant harmonic content. 3.5 magnetic flux density (magnetic field): The vector quantity (B-field) of divergence zero at all points,
47、 which determines the component of the Coulomb-Lorentz force, that is proportional to the velocity of the charge carrier. Note:In a zero electric field, the force F is given by where v is the velocity of the electric charge q. The vector properties of the field produced by currents in power lines ar
48、e the same as those given above for the electric field. The magnitudes of the field components are expressed by their rms values in tesla (1T= 104G). 3.6 maximum value of the electric field strength: At a given point, the rms value of the semimajor axis magnitude of the electric field ellipse. See a
49、lso: electric field strength. 3.7 maximum value of the magnetic field: At a given point, the rms value of the semimajor axis magnitude of the magnetic field ellipse. 3.8 perturbed field: A field that is changed in magnitude or direction, or both, by the introduction of an object. Note:The electric field at the surface of the object is, in general, strongly perturbed by the presence of the object. At power frequencies the magnetic field is not, in general, greatly perturbed by the presence of objects that are free of magnetic materials. Exceptions to this are regi