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1、 The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 345 East 47th Street, New York, NY 10017-2394, USA Copyright 1995 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. All rights reserved. Published 1995. Printed in the United States of America. ISBN 1-55937-534-5 No part of th
2、is publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. IEEE Std C37.90.2-1995 (Revision of Trial-Use IEEE Std C37.90.2-1987) IEEE Standard for Withstand Capability of Relay Systems to Radiated Electromagnet
3、ic Interference from Transceivers Sponsor Power System Relaying Committee of the IEEE Power Engineering Society Approved March 16, 1995 IEEE Standards Board Abstract: A design test to evaluate the susceptibility of protective relays to single-frequency elec- tromagnetic fields in the radio frequency
4、 domain, such as those generated by portable or mobile radio transceivers is established. Keywords: electromagnetic compatibility, protective relays, radiated electromagnetic interference, relays, relay systems, transceivers Authorized licensed use limited to: Peking University. Downloaded on Decemb
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15、er 26,2010 at 15:43:16 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply. iii Introduction (This introduction is not a part of IEEE Std C37.90.2-1995, IEEE Standard for Withstand Capability of Relay Systems to Radiated Electromagnetic Interference from Transceivers.) The use of hand-held transceivers (walkie
16、-talkies) has increased dramatically over the past few years. When operated in close proximity to a static protective relay, these transceivers will produce local, high eld- strength electromagnetic radiation that may affect relay performance. The need for a standard on radiated interference withsta
17、nd capability for static protective relays is, therefore, apparent. In 1985, the Working Group on High-Frequency Radiation Effects on Static Control and Protection Devices of the Power System Relaying Committee produced a trial-use test standard to meet this need. The standard was published in 1987
18、as IEEE Std C37.90.2-1987. During the trial-use period, members of the Working Group and other users of the test provided comments and suggestions for its revision. These comments are incorporated into this new standard. The principal changes made as a result of the trial-use experience are as follo
19、ws: a)The test eld-strength level has been increased from 1020 V/m to 35 V/m. The 35 V/m level is intended to roughly approximate the effect of a walkie-talkie operated at 15 cm (6 in) from the exposed surface of the relay and is the result of extensive testing by members of the Working Group. b)The
20、 method of measuring and maintaining the specied test level has been left to the user rather than specied in the standard. Also, the use of discrete frequency steps has been made an alternative to a continuous sweep of the frequency. These changes are in recognition of the variety of modern equip- m
21、ent used to conduct these types of tests. c)The requirement for shielded external wiring to the relay under test has been replaced with a require- ment for non-shielded external wiring, unless the manufacturer species shielded wiring for the nor- mal installation of the device. d)The in-service cond
22、itions of the SWC test in IEEE Std C37.90.1-1989, have been adopted for the EMI test. e)The Digital Equipment Modulation Test has been deleted, since it did not appear to yield any addi- tional information. The Keying Test has been revised. f)A caution has been added that successfully completing the
23、 standard test demonstrates a practical level of EMI withstand capability but does not guarantee that false relay operations cannot be caused by incautious use of walkie-talkies in close proximity to the relays. We encourage comments in the form of technical papers that permit formal discussion and
24、closure. Direct them to the IEEE Technical Activities Department, Special Services for PES. The Working Group on High-Frequency Radiation Effects on Static Control and Protection Devices of the Relay Electrical Environment Subcommittee had the following membership at the time this standard was devel
25、oped: D. C. Dawson, Chair J. AndrichakH. J. CalhounW. C. Kotheimer J. F. BantingC. L. DownsM. S. Simon T. R. BeckwithK. J. FoderoJ. Teague J. BurnworthJ. G. GilbertJ. T. Tengdin Authorized licensed use limited to: Peking University. Downloaded on December 26,2010 at 15:43:16 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Re
26、strictions apply. iv The following persons were on the balloting committee: J. AppleyardM. K. EnnsG. R. Nail C. W. BarnettJ. EsztergalyosS. L. Nilsson E. A. BaumgartnerH. G. FarleyR. W. Ohnesorge B. L. BeckwithC. W. FromenG. C. Parr R. W. BeckwithA. T. GiulianteR. D. Pettigrew J. BoyleS. E. GrierA.
27、G. Phadke B. BozokiE. M. GulachenskiA. C. Pierce J. A. BrightE. A. GuroJ. M. Postforoosh A. A. BurzeseR. W. HaasM. S. Sachdev H. J. CalhounR. E. HartE. T. Sage C. H. CastroJ. W. HohnD. W. Smaha T. W. CeaseJ. D. HuddlestonJ. E. Stephens J. W. Chadwick, Jr.J. W. InglesonW. M. Strang G. CloughJ. A. Jod
28、iceF. Y. Tajaddodi S. P. ConradE. W. KalksteinR. Taylor C. J. CookT. L. KaschalkJ. S. Thorp A. N. DarlingtonK. J. KhunkhunE. A. Udren D. C. DawsonW. C. KotheimerV. Varneckas R. W. DempseyJ. R. LathamD. R. Volzka H. DisanteJ. R. LindersC. L. Wagner C. L. DownsW. J. Marsh, Jr.J. W. Walton P. R. DrumR.
29、 J. MoranW. P. Waudby L. L. DvorakC. J. MozinaT. E. Wiedman W. ElmoreT. J. MurrayJ. A. Zipp J. T. EmeryK. K. MustaphiS. Zocholl E. J. EmmerlingJ. A. Zulaski Authorized licensed use limited to: Peking University. Downloaded on December 26,2010 at 15:43:16 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply. v W
30、hen the IEEE Standards Board approved this standard on March 16, 1995, it had the following membership: E. G. Al Kiener, Chair Donald C. Loughry, Vice Chair Andrew G. Salem, Secretary Gilles A. BarilRichard J. HollemanMarco W. Migliaro Clyde R. CampJim IsaakMary Lou Padgett Joseph A. CannatelliBen C
31、. JohnsonJohn W. Pope Stephen L. DiamondSonny KasturiArthur K. Reilly Harold E. EpsteinLorraine C. KevraGary S. Robinson Donald C. FleckensteinIvor N. KnightIngo Rusch Jay Forster*Joseph L. Koepnger*Chee Kiow Tan Donald N. HeirmanD. N. Jim LogothetisLeonard L. Tripp L. Bruce McClung *Member Emeritus
32、 Also included are the following nonvoting IEEE Standards Board liaisons: Satish K. Aggarwal Richard B. Engelman Robert E. Hebner Chester C. Taylor Rochelle L. Stern IEEE Standards Project Editor Authorized licensed use limited to: Peking University. Downloaded on December 26,2010 at 15:43:16 UTC fr
33、om IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply. vi Contents 1.Overview 1 1.1 Scope. 1 1.2 Purpose. 1 2. Reference 1 3. Definition 1 4.Single-frequency test parameters. 2 5.Test conditions. 2 5.1 Selection and preparation of samples 2 5.2 External wiring. 3 5.3 Grounding 3 6.Test methods 3 6.1 General. 3 6.2 In-
34、Service conditions. 3 6.3 Environment. 4 6.4 Test equipment. 4 6.5 Test procedure 5 7. Acceptance criteria 6 Annex A(informative)Transceiver field strength test data 7 Annex B (informative)Bibliography 8 Authorized licensed use limited to: Peking University. Downloaded on December 26,2010 at 15:43:1
35、6 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply. 1 IEEE Standard for Withstand Capability of Relay Systems to Radiated Electromagnetic Interference from Transceivers 1. Overview 1.1 Scope This standard establishes a test method to evaluate the susceptibility of protective relays to single-frequency elect
36、romagnetic elds in the radio frequency domain, such as those generated by portable or mobile radio trans- ceivers. 1.2 Purpose The purpose of this standard is to establish a common reference and test procedure for evaluating the perfor- mance of static protective and control relays used in electric
37、power facilities. 2. Reference The following publication shall be used in conjunction with this standard. IEEE Std 100-1992, IEEE Standard Dictionary of Electrical and Electronics Terms. 1 3. Denition Terms other than those dened here have standard denitions as listed in IEEE Std 100-1992. 3.1 trans
38、mitter (radio): A device or circuit that generates high-frequency electric energy, controlled or modulated, which can be radiated by an antenna. 1 IEEE publications are available from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 445 Hoes Lane, P.O. Box 1331, Piscataway, NJ 08855-1331, USA.
39、 Authorized licensed use limited to: Peking University. Downloaded on December 26,2010 at 15:43:16 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply. IEEE Std C37.90.2-1995IEEE STANDARD FOR WITHSTAND CAPABILITY OF RELAY SYSTEMS TO 2 4. Single-frequency test parameters The most common source of single-frequen
40、cy interference to static protective and control relays is provided by portable radio transmitters when they are used in close proximity to the relays. The portable transceivers normally used in power system communications have output power less than 10 W measured at the base of the antenna. There a
41、re other factors, besides power level, that may affect the suscep- tibility of the relay equipment to these devices, such as the frequency and modulation level. In deciding on a meaningful test level, it is important to know what eld strengths are produced by commercial portable transceivers, since
42、these are the dominant interfering sources. Data by European researchers on the eld strength produced by six portable VHF and UHF transceivers supports the following empirical equation for eld strength, E. (See B3. 2 ) where d is distance, in meters P is manufacturers advertised rating of the transc
43、eiver, in watts For a 10 W rated transceiver, this equation gives a value for E of 5 V/m at a distance of 1 m and a value of 34 V/m at 15 cm. These data reveal the practical effects of transmitter and antenna efciencies when com- pared to the theoretical equation for the eld produced by a half-wave
44、dipole radiator as follows: For the same 10 W transceiver, the theoretical equation gives about 22 V/m at 1 m and 148 V/m at 15 cm. See B3 for a discussion of antenna efciency, which points out that, for antennas used with portable trans- ceivers, efciency is not likely to exceed 50% and may be much
45、 less. On this basis, it seems that a eld strength of 35 V/m is a realistic value that represents the eld that can reasonably be expected due to a porta- ble transceiver operated 15 cm distant. 5. Test conditions 5.1 Selection and preparation of samples 5.1.1 Relay systems Static protective or contr
46、ol relays, when supplied as an integrated relay system with an enclosure, shall be tested in the enclosure. All components should be mounted and interconnected. Where system components are unavailable at the time of the test, dummy modules may be used, and these modules shall, insofar as pos- sible,
47、 duplicate the shielding to be realized from the actual components. 5.1.2 Individual relays Individual relays shall be tested separately without regard to their ultimate relationship to other circuit com- ponents after the relays are nally installed in a system. The responsibility for testing a comp
48、lete system that is assembled by the user shall rest with the user. 2 The numbers in brackets correspond to those in the bibliography in annex B. E1.6 P() d=V/m() E7.02 P() d=V/m() Authorized licensed use limited to: Peking University. Downloaded on December 26,2010 at 15:43:16 UTC from IEEE Xplore.
49、 Restrictions apply. IEEE RADIATED ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERFERENCE FROM TRANSCEIVERSStd C37.90.2-1995 3 5.1.3 Selection of test sample This test is a design test and shall, therefore, be applied to a randomly selected relay or relay system of each type. The test shall be repeated for each modication to the physical arrangement or selection of components contained in the relay or system, unless documentation is available to indicate tests are not needed. 5.2 External wiring The equipment shall be tested in as close to installed conditions as possible. Wiri