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1、 IEEE Std 502-1985 IEEE Guide for Protection, Interlocking, and Control of Fossil-Fueled Unit- Connected Steam Stations Sponsor Power Generation Committee of the IEEE Power Engineering Society Approved 22 September 1983 IEEE Standards Board Copyright 1985 by The Institute of Electrical and Electroni
2、cs Engineers, Inc 345 East 47th Street, New York NY 10017, USA No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. IEEE Standards documents are developed within the Technical Committees of t
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6、of the standard. Every IEEE Standard is subjected to review at least once every ve years for revision or reafrmation. When a document is more than ve years old, and has not been reafrmed, it is reasonable to conclude that its contents, although still of some value, do not wholly reect the present st
7、ate of the art. Users are cautioned to check to determine that they have the latest edition of any IEEE Standard. Comments for revision of IEEE Standards are welcome from any interested party, regardless of membership afliation with IEEE. Suggestions for changes in documents should be in the form of
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10、e not able to provide an instant response to interpretation requests except in those cases where the matter has previously received formal consideration. Comments on standards and requests for interpretations should be addressed to: Secretary, IEEE Standards Board 345 East 47th Street New York, NY 1
11、0017 USA iii Foreword (This Foreword is not a part of IEEE Std 502-1985, IEEE Guide for Protection, Interlocking, and Control of Fossil-Fueled Unit- Connected Steam Stations.) The introduction to protection, interlocking, and control for a fossil-fueled plant is written to furnish information which
12、will help ll a need that exists within the industry to promote the use of sound engineering practices to provide a coordinated design for the protection, interlocking, and control of unit-connected boiler-turbine generators power plants. It covers what is good practice at the time of publication, bu
13、t it is not intended to be a handbook of design practices. It is impractical to cover in detail all of the varied aspects of protection, interlocking, and control since there are a great number of different types of plants and equipment. It should be remembered that the information presented here is
14、 typical of that available to provide protection to personnel and safeguard equipment against catastrophic damage which may result from equipment failure, inadvertent errors, or misoperations. The system diagrams and logic diagrams are only representative and do not depict all of the system design f
15、eatures or protective features required for any specic application. The diagrams are intended to suggest the design areas to be covered by the specic unit design and cannot replace a competently prepared design which meets the unique requirements of the specic generating unit. The material presented
16、 shall not be used by inexperienced personnel as a substitute for engineering competence. The IEEE Standards Manual describes a guide as follows: documents in which alternative approaches to good practice are suggested, but no clear recommendations are made. The information in this guide was rst dev
17、eloped by the working group and paper presented as a ve-part series and published in IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems , vol PAS-92, no 1, pp 314401. The furnace air and fuel comments are in accordance with the National Fire Protection Association recommendations on gas, oil, and coal
18、 boiler operation. This publication is intended to be in accordance with NFPA recommendations, NFPA 85 Series. Members of the working group responsible for this guide are as follows: K. L. West , Chair R. S. Bilski R. E. Drake L. E. Ettlinger M. E. Jackowski R. G. Livingston G. L. Luri P. L. McGaha
19、B. J. Stables R. E. Strasser A. J. Zadiraka iv At the time this guide was approved, the members of the Power Plant Control, Protection and Automation Subcommittee were: T. D. Younkins , Chair A. T. Baker R. S. Bilski G. C. Boyle R. L. Castleberry E. F. Chelotti C. H. Clarridge D. Damsker R. S. Darke
20、 P. M. Davidson A. C. Dolbec V. F. Estcourt M. Ewer A. H. Ferber R. J. Fleming D. C. Garvey A. Gross M. E. Jackowski H. M. Jimenez C. Kneeburg G. Luri R. E. Mattson T. J. McGrath W. S. Morgan E. B. Nobile M. I. Olken W. S. Pearce N. Petroro R. J. Reiman T. Russell W. J. Spengel A. J. Spurgin R. B. S
21、quires V. D. Thomas D. Tondi W. H. von Kleinsmid K. L. West J. P. Whooley At the time this guide was approved, the members of Power Generation Committee of the IEEE Power Engineering Society were: R. Zweigler , Chair D. Diamant , Vice Chair R. W. Cantrell , Secretary J. C. Appiarius W. W. Avril M. S
22、. Baldwin J. H. Bellack I. B. Berezowsky G. Berman F. L. Brennan G. C. Boyle P. G. Brown E. F. Chelotti H. E. Church, Jr C. H. Clarridge R. S. Colemen R. E. Cotta M. L. Crenshaw R. S. Darke P. Davidson A. C. Dolbec G. R. Engman W. H. Esselman V. F. Estcourt T. F. Faulkner W. M. Fenner A. H. Ferber D
23、. I. Gorden R. D. Handel J. J. Heagerty M. E. Jackowski E. F. Kaprielian F. Keay P. R. Landrieu S. Law P. Lewis H. E. Lokay G. L. Luri J. T. Madill J. D. Mather O. S. Mazzoni A. J. McElroy T. M. McMahon J. L. Mills W. S. Morgan P. A. Nevins S. Nikolakakos J. T. Nikolas R. E. Penn J. D. Plaxco R. J.
24、Reiman D. E. Roberts W. J. Rom R. G. Scott J. J. Seibert M. N. Sprouse A. J. Spurgin R. B. Squires J. V. Stephens G. I. Stillman J. E. Stoner, Jr V. C. Sulzberger S. Tjepkema R. H. Waltman E. J. Warchol M. Warren K. L. West J. P. Whooley R. F. Willett C. J. Wylie T. D. Younkins v When the IEEE Stand
25、ards Board approved this standard on September 22, 1983, it had the following membership: James H. Beall , Chair Edward Chelotti , Vice Chair Sava I. Sherr , Secretary J. J. Archambault John T. Boettger J. V. Bonucchi Rene Castenschiold Edward J. Cohen Len S. Corey Donald C. Fleckenstein Jay Forster
26、 Donald N. Heirman Irvin N. Howell, Jr. Joseph L. Koepfinger* Irving Kolodny George Konomos R. F. Lawrence John E. May Donald T. Michael* John P. Riganati Frank L. Rose Robert W. Seelbach Jay A. Stewart Clifford O. Swanson Robert E. Weiler W. B. Wilkens Charles J. Wylie *Member emeritus vi CLAUSEPAG
27、E 1. Scope and References .1 1.1 Scope 1 1.2 References 1 2. Introduction.2 3. Plant Auxiliaries in Service.4 4. Circulating Water Cycle5 5. Service Water Cycle7 6. Condensate and Feedwater System.8 7. Boiler Water11 7.1 Drum Boiler . 12 7.2 Once-Through Boiler. 14 8. Furnace Air and Fuel System19 8
28、.1 19 8.2 20 8.3 22 8.4 22 9. Turbine-Generator.23 9.1 Turning Gear Operation. 24 9.2 Steam Seal System. 25 9.3 Vacuum Operation. 26 9.4 Oil and Hydraulic Fluid Systems. 27 9.5 Turbine Rotor Prewarming 28 9.6 Valve Trip Testing. 28 9.7 Turbine Preroll. 29 9.8 Turbine Roll. 29 10. Overall Protection.
29、33 10.1 Boiler Protection 34 10.2 Turbine Protection 36 10.3 Generator Protection 38 10.4 Main and Auxiliary Transformers 39 10.5 Auxiliary System 40 10.6 Emergency Power 40 11. Summary of Unit Overall Protection41 Copyright 1985 IEEE All Rights Reserved 1 IEEE Guide for Protection, Interlocking, an
30、d Control of Fossil-Fueled Unit- Connected Steam Stations 1. Scope and References 1.1 Scope This guide presents information regarding the essential subsystems that make up a fossil-fueled unit-connected boiler-turbine-generator (BTG) station and describes typical interlocking, control, and protectio
31、n for operating them in a coordinated order to ensure proper start-up and safe shutdown. The primary purpose of this guide is to provide a basis for 1)Qualitative evaluating of overall design of a unit-connected fossil fuel plant 2)Writing general operating guides of an educational nature, thereby s
32、erving to aid in acquainting personnel with boiler-turbine-generator systems. Every new fossil plant will have its own special operating sequence due to the type of equipment installed and its operating companys practices. However, this guide purports to include in one document a description of vari
33、ous cycles in a power plant, their sequence of operation, and protection procedures. The information contained in this guide should be coordinated with manufacturers recommendations to establish individual plant designs. 1.2 References 1 ANSI/NFPA 85A-1982, Furnace Explosions in Fuel Oil- and Natura
34、l Gas-Fired Single-Burner Boiler-Furnaces. 1 2 ANSI/NFPA 85B-1978, Gas-Fired Multiple Burner Boiler-Furnaces, Explosion Prevention. 3 ANSI/NFPA 85D-1978, Fuel Oil-Fired Multiple Burner Boiler-Furnaces, Explosion Prevention. 4 ANSI/NFPA 85E-1980, Pulverized Coal-Fired Multiple Burner Boiler-Furnaces,
35、 Explosion Prevention. 1 NFPA documents are published by the National Fire Protection Association, Publications Sales Division, Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02269. Copies are also available from the Sales Department of American National Standards Institute, 1430 Broadway, New York, NY 10018. 2 Copy
36、right 1985 IEEE All Rights Reserved IEEE Std 502-1985IEEE GUIDE FOR PROTECTION, INTERLOCKING, AND CONTROL 5 ANSI/NFPA 85G-1982, Prevention of Furnace Implosions in Multiple Burner Boiler-Furnaces. 6 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. 2 7 NFPA 85F-1982, Pulverized Fuel Systems, Installation and Op
37、eration. 2. Introduction The text material, simplied ow diagrams, and logic diagrams are presented in the proper sequence for start-up of a fossil-fueled boiler-turbine-generator unit. Section 10. describes overall protection of the systems, and Section 11. is a table which summarizes and supplement
38、s the guide material. Figure 1 shows a simplied combined systems diagram in logic form. Figure 1Combined Systems Diagrams 2 ASME documents are available from the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 345 East 47th Street, New York, NY 10017. Copyright 1985 IEEE All Rights Reserved 3 OF FOSSIL-FU
39、ELED UNIT-CONNECTED STEAM STATIONSIEEE Std 502-1985 Figure 2 shows a simplied arrangement of the major elements of a boiler-turbine-generator unit. Figure 2Simplified Arrangement: Boiler-Turbine-Generator 4 Copyright 1985 IEEE All Rights Reserved IEEE Std 502-1985IEEE GUIDE FOR PROTECTION, INTERLOCK
40、ING, AND CONTROL The logic symbols used are as follows: The NOTES following the ow diagrams and the logic diagrams supplement the diagrams and differentiate between them. Corresponding reference numbers appear on the diagrams only where required for clarity. 3. Plant Auxiliaries in Service Plant aux
41、iliaries in service refers to the many plant subloops which shall be started and run prior to starting the main systems. These include electrical control (direct and alternating current), auxiliary power, control and station air, plant lighting, and communication systems. These will vary with the un
42、it and are not detailed. Major rotating equipment shall be started as shown in the various cycle logic diagrams. Such equipment includes fans and boiler feed, condensate, and circulating water pumps. A logic diagram, Fig 3, covers the steps for putting this type of equipment into service. A similar
43、diagram would apply, with minor variations, to each piece of rotating equipment of the plant. 1)Prestart checks Breaker control circuit* Motor temperature* Bearing temperature* Power is available Auto trip acknowledged Hold-off tags removed Review motor starting requirements 2)Lubrication checks Oil
44、 level* Oil temperature above minimum Oil temperature below maximum Oil cooling water on Oil pump pressure* (if used) Operation A, B, and C shall be satisfied in that sequence or order. Both Operations A and B shall be satisfied before C can begin. Either Operation A or B shall be satisfied before C
45、 can begin. Operation of A shall be maintained for a definite time (5 min in the symbol) before B can begin. Copyright 1985 IEEE All Rights Reserved 5 OF FOSSIL-FUELED UNIT-CONNECTED STEAM STATIONSIEEE Std 502-1985 3)Driven equipment checks Checks required before starting motor 4)Process control che
46、cks Damper positions Valve positions Permissive interlocks 5)Coupling checks a)Magnetic Control at zero speed Power available b)Hydraulic Oil level* Scoop at zero speed Cooling water* Freeze protection* Oil pump pressure* (if used) 6)Poststart checks Running checks Vibration Oil temperature Oil pres
47、sure Bearing temperature (cooling water*) Motor current (if monitored) Seal water* *Visual, gauge, or meter checks Figure 3Large Motor Drive 4. Circulating Water Cycle The circulating water system provides cooling and heat removal from the condenser and is normally the rst cycle to be started. This
48、is especially true if the circulating water pump provides a source of water for the cooling or service water cycle. The source of cooling water may be a lake, river, or other body of water. If environmentally acceptable, the discharge is generally not recycled; otherwise, a cooling tower or pond is
49、added to the cycle with either an open or closed loop. Figure 4 is the circulating water ow diagram with variations shown. 6 Copyright 1985 IEEE All Rights Reserved IEEE Std 502-1985IEEE GUIDE FOR PROTECTION, INTERLOCKING, AND CONTROL Figure 4Circulating Water Flow Diagram Figure 5 shows the logic sequence for putting the circulating water system into service and should be used in conjunction with Fig 4. 1)The seal water supply should be of sufcient pressure, volume, and cleanliness before a circulating water pump is start