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1、NEMA Standards Publication EW 4-2009 Graphic Symbols for Arc Welding and Cutting Apparatus Published by National Electrical Manufacturers Association 1300 North 17th Street, Suite 1752 Rosslyn, VA 22209 !2009 by National Electrical Manufacturers Association. All rights, including translation into ot
2、her languages, reserved under the Universal Copyright Convention, the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works, and the International and Pan American Copyright Conventions. EW 4-2009 2 ! 2009, NEMA CONTENTS 1Scope 6 2References 6 2.1Normative references 6 2.2Informative re
3、ferences 6 3Terms and definitions 9 4Identification of parts and application 10 4.1General .10 4.2Procedure for parts11 4.3Selection of symbols11 4.4Size of symbols .12 4.5Use of color.12 5Graphic symbols.12 6How to combine graphic symbols 52 6.1General .52 6.2Procedure to combine symbols 53 6.3Summ
4、ary.55 Annex A (informative) Examples of Grouping of Symbols.57 A.1Input voltage/power switch.57 A.2Use of remote receptacles and selector switches57 A.3Weld start and stop push buttons .58 A.4Panel indicator lights .58 A.5Output (contactor) switch .59 A.6Arc force control potentiometer 59 A.7Termin
5、als and selector switch on AC/DC welder.60 A.8Process switch (SMAW-GTAW-GMAW)60 A.9Ignition switch on engine driven welder 61 A.10 Idle switch .61 A.11 Start/run switch .62 A.12 Process selection for GMAW62 A.13 Control potentiometers for GMAW63 A.14 Switched settings for GMAW63 A.15 Setting pulsing
6、 parameters using digital display64 A.16 Setting pulsed GMAW parameters with digital display.64 A.17 AC balance control with balanced position used for the SMAW process 65 EW 4-2009 3 ! 2009, NEMA FOREWORD This publication provides manufacturers and users of arc welding and cutting equipment with a
7、system of graphic symbols that can be used and recognized throughout the arc welding and cutting industry. These graphic symbols communicate the required message independent of any language, thus minimizing difficulties that could arise when equipment is used by operators speaking different language
8、s. There are three major factors contributing to the need for graphic symbols: 1) large numbers of functionally illiterate people in the labor force; 2) large numbers of non-English speaking U.S. residents; and 3) the diversity of the global marketplace. In an effort to communicate with as many peop
9、le as possible, graphic symbols have been developed. This publication standardizes those graphic symbols used on arc welding and cutting equipment, explains their direct meaning, and shows their proper use. The work to develop graphic symbols that provide a clear and practical means of communicating
10、 to operators of arc welding and cutting equipment the function and use of equipment controls unique to the arc welding and cutting industry has been in progress for a number of decades. In 1957, the International Organization for Standardization Technical Committee 44 (Welding) (ISO/TC 44) began wo
11、rk on the rating of manual arc welding equipment. This led to the publication of ISO Recommendation R700. In 1976, Subcommittee SC 4 (Arc Welding Equipment) of ISO/TC 44 proposed a revision of ISO R700 that incorporated graphic symbols for the identification of equipment control functions and descri
12、ption of welding processes. In 1977, the NEMA Arc Welding Apparatus Graphic Symbols Committee, consisting of representatives of arc welding equipment manufacturers, was formed to review the ISO symbols. In 1982, the first edition of NEMA Standards Publication EW 4 was published. In its preparation,
13、the Committee also gave consideration to the work of other organizations such as the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), the American Welding Society (AWS), the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), as well as the symbols being
14、used by U.S. and European welding and cutting equipment manufacturers. Many of the symbols were adopted directly from the work of these organizations, and credit was given to them in EW 4. As a result, the Committee proposed additional symbols for the identification and use of equipment controls tha
15、t were captured in the first edition of NEMA EW 4. The first edition contained 92 of the most commonly used symbols for welding and cutting products. In 1984, Technical Committee ISO/TC 145 published ISO 7000 incorporating the graphic symbols from R700 and a 1979 amendment that provided symbols for
16、all kinds of equipment. In 1989, ISO 7000 was revised and published. In 1988, NEMA EW 4 was rescinded. In 1994, a new version of EW 4 was published. As in the past, this edition gave a great deal of consideration to the work of other organizations, both national and international. Where symbols were
17、 used directly from another source, credit was given to that document. This edition added information on how to combine graphic symbols as well as additional and more current examples ? EW 4-2009 4 ! 2009, NEMA of their use. This edition contained 185 symbols to accommodate more complex products and
18、 processes. Noting advancements in technology and equipment, changes in the global marketplace, and greater need for harmonization with internationally used graphic symbols, a revision to EW 4 began in 2004 leading to the publication of this document. This 2009 edition of EW 4 has three main enhance
19、ments. First, it adds symbols from Annex L of IEC 60974-1. Secondly, this revision uses an international style acceptable to NEMA drafting principles that harmonize with ISO/IEC documentation methods. Thirdly, where multiple symbols for the same control, function, or item exist, they are added and s
20、hown together to aid ease of use and clarity. As a result, this edition contains 217 symbols to address the expanded needs of users. This publication will be reviewed periodically by the NEMA Arc Welding Section for the purpose of updating graphic symbols to reflect advancing technology or the lates
21、t graphic symbol applications. Please address any comments or questions regarding this publication to: Vice President, Technical Services National Electrical Manufacturers Association 1300 North 17th Street, Suite 1752 Rosslyn, VA 22209 Comments from parties that have an interest in, or responsibili
22、ty for, the purchase, application, use, and inspection of arc welding and cutting equipment were considered throughout the revision of this publication, and led to a number of changes from the previous edition. When major changes to this publication are proposed, these parties will again have the op
23、portunity to participate in NEMA committee proceedings in order to review and comment on the revision. The artwork for the graphic symbols shown in this publication is stored in NEMAs electronic files. More information on downloading these files free of charge can be found on the EW 4 webpage at htt
24、p:/www.nema.org/stds/ew4.cfm. ? EW 4-2009 5 ! 2009, NEMA NOTICE AND DISCLAIMER The information in this publication was considered technically sound by the consensus of persons engaged in the development and approval of the document at the time it was developed. Consensus does not necessarily mean th
25、at there is unanimous agreement among every person participating in the development of this document. NEMA standards and guideline publications, of which the document contained herein is one, are developed through a voluntary consensus standards development process. This process brings together volu
26、nteers and/or seeks out the views of persons who have an interest in the topic covered by this publication. While NEMA administers the process and establishes rules to promote fairness in the development of consensus, it does not write the document and it does not independently test, evaluate or ver
27、ify the accuracy or completeness of any information or the soundness of any judgments contained in its standards and guideline publications. NEMA disclaims liability for any personal injury, property or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whether special, indirect, consequential or compensatory,
28、 directly or indirectly resulting from the publication, use of, application, or reliance on this document. NEMA disclaims and makes no guaranty or warranty, express or implied, as to the accuracy or completeness of any information published herein, and disclaims and makes no warranty that the inform
29、ation in this document will fulfill any of your particular purposes or needs. NEMA does not undertake to guarantee the performance of any individual manufacturers or sellers products or services by virtue of this standard or guide. In publishing and making this document available, NEMA is not undert
30、aking to render professional or other services for or on behalf of any person or entity. Nor is NEMA undertaking to perform any duty owed by any person or entity to someone else. Anyone using this document should rely on his or her own independent judgment or, as appropriate, seek the advice of a co
31、mpetent professional in determining the exercise of reasonable care in any given circumstances. Information and other standards on the topic covered by this publication may be available from other sources, which the user may wish to consult for additional views or information not covered by this pub
32、lication. NEMA has no power, nor does it undertake to police or enforce compliance with the contents of this document. NEMA does not certify, test or inspect products, designs or installations for safety or health purposes. Any certification or other statement of compliance with any health or safety
33、 related information in this document shall not be attributable to NEMA and is solely the responsibility of the certifier or maker of the statement. ? EW 4-2009 6 ! 2009, NEMA 1 Scope This publication provides graphic symbols for arc welding and cutting equipment, including those symbols used to ide
34、ntify controls, indicators, connection points, operations, functions, commands, and processes. This publication does not cover graphic symbols used to alert personnel of immediate or potential personal hazards in the use of the equipment. 2 References 2.1 Normative references Each publication listed
35、 below is directly referenced in subsequent clauses of this publication, and has a corresponding footnote identifying the publisher and, where available, information on how to order the publication. It is recommended that the latest edition be requested when ordering a standard. IEC 60027-1, Letter
36、symbols to be used in electrical technology Part 1: General1 IEC 60417-1, Graphical Symbols for use on equipment Part 1: Overview and application2 IEC 60974-1, Arc welding equipment Part 1: Welding power sources1 ISO 3767-1, Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and garden e
37、quipment Symbols for operator controls and other displays Part 1: Common symbols3 ISO 7000, Graphical symbols for use on equipment Index and synopsis2 ISO 17846, Welding and allied processes Health and safety Wordless precautionary labels for equipment and consumables used in arc welding and cutting
38、3 SAE International, Handbook4 2.2 Informative references Each publication listed below has a corresponding footnote identifying the publisher and, where available, information on how to order the publication. It is recommended that the latest edition be requested when ordering a standard. ANSI/IEC
39、60974-1, Arc welding equipment Part 1: Welding power sources5 1 Published by, and available from, the International Electrotechnical Commission, 3 rue de Varemb, Geneva 1120, Switzerland; website: www.iec.ch 2 IEC 60417 and ISO 7000 are published in a single volume, available from the International
40、Electrotechnical Commission, 3 rue de Varemb, Geneva 1120, Switzerland; website: www.iec.ch 3 Published by, and available from, International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1 rue de Varemb, Geneva 1120, Switzerland; website: www.iso.org 4 Published by, and available from, SAE International,
41、 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15906; website: www.sae.org; phone: 1-877-606-7323 5 Published by National Electrical Manufacturers Association and available from Global Engineering Documents; website: ; phone: 1-877-413-5184 ? EW 4-2009 7 ! 2009, NEMA ANSI Z49.1, Safety in Welding and Cutti
42、ng6 ANSI Z129.1, American National Standard for Hazardous Industrial Chemicals Precautionary Labeling7 ANSI Z535.1, Safety Color Code8 ANSI Z535.2, Environmental and Facility Safety Signs8 ANSI Z535.3, Criteria for Safety Symbols8 ANSI Z535.4, Product Safety Signs and Labels8 ANSI Z535.5, Safety Tag
43、s and Barricade Tapes (for Temporary Hazards)8 ANSI Z535.6, Product Safety Information in Product Manuals, Instructions, and Other Collateral Materials8 ASME Y14.5M, Dimensioning and Tolerancing9 AWS A3.0, Standard Welding Terms and Definitions6 CAN/CSA E60974-1-00 (R2005), Arc welding equipment Par
44、t 1: Welding power sources10 CAN/CSA E60974-5-03, Arc welding equipment Part 5: Wire Feeders10 CAN/CSA E60974-7-02 (R2007), Arc welding equipment Part 7: Torches10 CSA C22.2 No. 60, Arc Welding Equipment10 DIN 30 600, Graphic Symbols (Bildzeichen bersicht)11 FMC, Product Safety Sign and Label System
45、12 6 Published by, and available from, American Welding Society, 550 N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, FL 33126; website: www.aws.org; phone: 1-800-443-9353 7 Available from American National Standards Institute, 11 West 42nd Street, New York, NY 10036; website: www.ansi.org; phone: 1-212-642-4980 8 Publish
46、ed by National Electrical Manufacturers Association and available through Global Engineering Documents; website: ; phone: 1-877-413-5184 9 Published, and available from, ASME International, Three Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990; website: www.asme.org; phone: 1-800-843-2763 10 Published by, and
47、available from, Canadian Standards Association, 5060 Spectrum Way, Mississauga, Ontario L4W 5N6, Canada; website: www.csa.ca; phone: 1-800-463-6727 11 Published by Deutsche Institut fr Normung and available from Beuth Verlag GmbH, Burggrafenstrae 6, 10787 Berlin, Germany; website: www.beuth.de 12 Pu
48、blished by FMC Corporation, Corporate Technology Center, P.O. Box 580, Santa Clara, CA 95052 ? EW 4-2009 8 ! 2009, NEMA Henry Dreyfuss, Symbol Sourcebook: An Authoritative Guide to International Graphic Symbols13 William K. Horton, The Icon Book: Visual Symbols for Computer Documentation14 IEC 80416
49、-1, Basic principles for graphical symbols for use on equipment Part 1: Creation of symbol originals15 IEEE 315, Graphic Symbols for Electrical and Electronics Diagrams (Including Reference Designation Class Designation Letters)16 ISO 3461-1, General principles for the creation of graphical symbols Part 1: Graphical symbols for use on equipment17 ISO 3864-2, Graphical symbols Safety colours and safety sign