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1、NFPA 230 Standard for the Fire Protection of Storage 1999 Edition National Fire Protection Association, 1 Batterymarch Park, PO Box 9101, Quincy, MA 02269-9101 An International Codes and Standards Organization Copyright National Fire Protection Association, Inc. One Batterymarch Park Quincy, Massach
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24、r and may receive a special royalty where the public interest will be served thereby. 3. Scope of License Grant The terms and conditions set forth above do not extend to the index of this document. (For further explanation, see the Policy Concerning the Adoption, Printing, and Publication of NFPA Do
25、cuments, which is available upon request from the NFPA.) 2301 Copyright 1999 NFPA, All Rights Reserved NFPA 230 Standard for the Fire Protection of Storage 1999 Edition This edition of NFPA 230, Standard for the Fire Protection of Storage, was prepared by the Technical Committee on General Storage a
26、nd acted on by the National Fire Protection Asso- ciation, Inc., at its May Meeting held May 1720, 1999, in Baltimore, MD. It was issued by the Standards Council on July 22, 1999, with an effective date of August 13, 1999. This edition of NFPA 230 was approved as an American National Standard on Aug
27、ust 13, 1999. Origin and Development of NFPA 230 The creation of NFPA 230 is the result of a Standards Council directive to consolidate infor- mation pertaining to sprinkler systems. The portions of NFPA 231, 231C, 231D, 231E, and 231F containing sprinkler system information were moved into NFPA 13,
28、 Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems. As part of this effort, nonsprinkler systemrelated information pertaining to storage operations that was previously located in NFPA 231, 231C, 231D, 231E, and 231F and all of NFPA 46 was redesignated as NFPA 230 and consolidated to minimize duplic
29、ation of fire protection requirements. A chart, Cross-References to Previous Editions, is provided at the end of this document as a guide to the consolidation of these documents. 2302FIRE PROTECTION OF STORAGE 1999 Edition Technical Committee on General Storage Christopher T. Lummus, Chair Insurance
30、 Services Office, Inc., TX I Michael T. Kroman, Secretary Firemans Fund Insurance Co., CA I Kerry M. Bell, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., IL RT Ralph E. Collins, R. E. Collins Assoc., MA SE Robert B. Combs, J NFPA 30B, Code for the Manufacture and Storage of Aerosol Products; NFPA 40, Standard for
31、the Storage and Handling of Cellulose Nitrate Motion Picture Film; NFPA 58, Lique- fied Petroleum Gas Code; NFPA 232, Standard for the Protection of Records; NFPA 430, Code for the Storage of Liquid and Solid Oxidiz- ers; and NFPA 490, Code for the Storage of Ammonium Nitrate. (f) Storage on plastic
32、 shelves on racks. 1-2 Purpose. This standard provides a reasonable degree of protection based upon sound engineering principles, tests, data, and field experience. Nothing in this standard shall be intended to restrict new technologies or alternate arrange- ments, provided that the level of protect
33、ion prescribed by the standard is not lowered. 1-3 Retroactivity Clause. The provisions of this document shall be considered necessary to provide a reasonable level of protec- tion from loss of life and property from fire. They shall reflect sit- uations and the state of the art at the time the stan
34、dard was issued. Unless otherwise noted, the provisions of this document shall not be applied to facilities, equipment, structures, or installations that were existing or approved for construction or installation prior to the effective date of this document. Exception: In those cases where it is det
35、ermined by the authority hav- ing jurisdiction that the existing situation involves a distinct hazard to life or property, this standard shall apply. 1-4 Definitions. 1-4.1 Storage Definitions. Unless expressly stated elsewhere, for the purpose of this standard, the terms in this section shall be de
36、fined as follows. Aisle Width.* The horizontal dimension between the face of the loads in racks under consideration. See Figure A-1-4.1(a). Alleyway. An accessible clear space between storage piles or groups of piles suitable for housekeeping operations, visual inspection of piling areas, and initia
37、l fire-fighting operations. Available Height for Storage.* The maximum height at which commodities can be stored above the floor and still main- tain necessary clearance from structural members and the required clearance below sprinklers. Baled Cotton.* A natural seed fiber wrapped and secured in in
38、dustry-accepted materials, usually consisting of burlap, woven polypropylene, or sheet polyethylene, and secured with steel, synthetic, or wire bands, or wire; can also include linters (lint removed from the cottonseed) and motes (residual materials from the ginning process). Baled Cotton Yard. A st
39、orage unit consisting of multiple storage blocks subject to bale and clear space limitations. Banded Storage. Paper rolls provided with a circumferential steel strap 3/8 in. (9.5 mm) or wider at each end of the roll. Banded Tires. A storage method in which a number of tires are strapped together. Bi
40、n Box Storage. Storage in five-sided wood, metal, or cardboard boxes with open face on the aisles that are self- supporting or supported by a structure so designed that little or no horizontal or vertical space exists around boxes. Block. A basic yard storage unit for baled cotton comprising multipl
41、e-row storage with clear spaces on all sides. Block Storage. The number of bales of cotton closely stacked in cubical form and enclosed by aisles or building sides, or both. Bulkhead. A vertical barrier across the rack. Burn-It. A fire-fighting strategy that allows for the free- burn of a tire fire.
42、 Bury-It. A fire-fighting strategy that suggests burying a tire pile with soil, sand, gravel, cement dust, or other cover material. Cartoned. A method of storage consisting of corrugated card- board or paperboard containers fully enclosing the commodity. Ceiling Height. The distance between the floo
43、r and the under- side of the ceiling above (or roof deck) within the storage area. Chips. Wood chips of various species used in the manufac- ture of pulp. These chips are usually 1/4 in. (6.4 mm) to 11/4 in. (31.8 mm) in size, with nothing finer than what is retainable on a 1/4-in. (6.4-mm) screen;
44、however, blower and conveyor systems can create some fine dust particles after screening. INTRODUCTION2305 1999 Edition Clear Space. Any area free of combustible materials. This does not preclude the storage of noncombustible materials that will not transmit an exposure fire. Clearance. The distance
45、 from the top of storage to the ceiling sprinkler deflectors. Cold Cotton. Baled cotton five or more days old after the ginning process. Cold Deck. A single ranked pile of logs with individual logs of regular or irregular length usually 20 ft (6.1 m) to 50 ft (15.2 m) long, but greater than 8 ft (2.
46、4 m) in length. Column (Paper). A single vertical stack of rolls of paper. Commodity. The combination of products, packing material, and container upon which commodity classification is based. Compartmented.* The rigid separation of the products in a container by dividers that form a stable unit und
47、er fire con- ditions. Container (Shipping, Master, or Outer Container).* A receptacle strong enough, by reason of material, design, and construction, to be shipped safely without further packaging. Conventional Pallets.* A material-handling aid designed to support a unit load with openings to provid
48、e access for material-handling devices. See Figure A-1-4.1(b). Cordwood. Logs 8 ft (2.4 m) or less in length customarily intended for pulpwood or fuel uses. Core. The central tube around which paper is wound to form a roll. Cunit. 100 ft3 (2.8 m3) of solid wood or 100 ft3 (2.8 m3) of chips or hogged
49、 material. Designated Yard. An area marked by boundary lines intended for outside storage purposes only. Encapsulated. A method of packaging that consists of a plas- tic sheet that completely encloses the sides and top of a pallet load that contains a combustible commodity or a combustible package or a group of combustible commodities or combusti- ble packages; combustible commodities that are individually wrapped in plastic sheeting and stored exposed in a pallet load. Totally noncombustible commodities on wood pallets that are enclosed only by a plastic she