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1、SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefr
2、om, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. QUESTIONS REGARDING THIS DOCUMENT: (724) 772-8512 FAX: (724) 776-0243 TO PLACE A DOCU
3、MENT ORDER; (724) 776-4970 FAX: (724) 776-0790 SAE WEB ADDRESS http:/www.sae.org Copyright 1998 Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. All rights reserved.Printed in U.S.A. SURFACE VEHICLE 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001 STANDARD Submitted for recognition as an American National Sta
4、ndard J1503 REV. JAN1998 Issued1986-07 Revised1998-01 Superseding J1503 AUG95 (R) Performance Test for Air-Conditioned, Heated, and Ventilated Off-Road, Self-Propelled Work Machines ForewordThis SAE Standard outlines a test procedure for off-road, self-propelled work machines providing a uniform mea
5、surement of the operator environmental temperature provided by a complete air-handling system operating in a specified ambient environment; and establishes minimum performance levels for the operator enclosures heater, ventilation, and air-conditioning system 1.ScopeThis SAE Standard applies to off-
6、road, self-propelled work machines used in construction, general- purpose industrial, agricultural, forestry, and specialized mining machinery as defined in SAE J1116 JUN86, and establishes the following minimum performance levels in the operators environment for the seated position: 1.1Minimum oper
7、ator enclosure pressurization and ventilation levels in the operators environment for the seated position. 1.2Maximum temperature differential under air conditioning operation. 1.3Minimum temperature differential under heater operation. 2.References 2.1Applicable PublicationsThe following publicatio
8、ns form a part of the specification to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise indicated the latest revision of SAE publications shall apply. 2.1.1SAE PUBLICATIONSAvailable from SAE, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001. SAE J1012 JUN93Agricultural Equipment Enclosure Pressurizati
9、on System Test Procedure SAE J1091Operators Field of VisionTest Method SAE J1116 JUN86Categories of Off-Road Self-Propelled Work Machines SAE J1163 JUN91Determining Seat Index Point SAE J1349 JUN90Engine Power Test Code SAE J1533 JUN93Operator Enclosure Air Filter Element Test Procedure SAE J1559 JU
10、L95Measurement of Solar Heating Effect SAE J1503 Revised JAN1998 -2- 2.1.2ISO PUBLICATIONSAvailable from ANSI, 11 West 42nd Street, New York, NY 10036-8002. ISO 5006-1:1991Earth-moving machineryOperators field of view ISO 5353:1978Earth-moving machinery, tractors and machinery for agriculture and fo
11、restrySeat Index Point ISO 5721:1989Tractors for agricultureOperators Field of Vision ISO 9249:1989Earth-moving machineryEngine test codeNet Power 2.2Related PublicationsThe following publications are provided for information purposes only and are not a required part of this document. 2.2.1ASHRAE PU
12、BLICATIONSAvailable from 17191 Tullie Circle NE, Atlanta, GA 30329-2305. ASHRAE Temperature Measurement 4166 ASHRAE Handbook of Fundamentals, 1981 2.2.2ASME PUBLICATIONSAvailable from ASME, 345 East 47th Street, New York, NY 10017-2330. ASME Power Test Code, Pressure Measurement, PTC 19.21972 ASME P
13、ower Test Code, Electrical Measurement, PTC 19.61955 2.2.3ISO PUBLICATIONSAvailable from ISO, 11 West 42nd Street, New York, NY 10036-8002. ISO 10263-4:1994Earth Moving MachineryOperator enclosure environmentPart 4: Operator enclosure ventilation, heating and/or air-conditioning test method ISO 1426
14、9-2Tractors and self propelled machines for agriculture and forestryOperator enclosure environment. 3.Definitions 3.1Air-Handling SystemAny system which lowers or raises the effective temperature of the air within the operator enclosure by the use of air-conditioning, heating, or ventilating systems
15、. 3.2Operator EnvironmentThe space surrounding the operator as defined by the temperature measurement locations described in Figure 1. 3.3Air-Conditioning SystemAny system which lowers the effective temperature of the air within the operators environment by means of a refrigerant. 3.4Heating SystemA
16、ny system which raises the effective temperature of the air within the operators environment. 3.5Ventilation SystemAny system which provides fresh air to, and maintains air circulation within the operators environment. 3.6Operator EnclosureThe part of the machine which forms a boundary between the s
17、pace surrounding the operator and the outside environment. This boundary shall comprise of components such as the glass, roof, and floor which completely surround the operator. This boundary effectively eliminates free passage of air, dust, or other substances into the area around the operator. SAE
18、J1503 Revised JAN1998 -3- FIGURE 1TEMPERATURE AND VELOCITY LOCATIONS SAE J1503 Revised JAN1998 -4- 4.Test Equipment and Instrumentation 4.1A test enclosure sufficiently large to contain the base machine with provisions to circulate conditioned air and to load the machines engine and transmission if
19、necessary. 4.1.1Field test conditions may be used. 4.1.2If it is not practical to test the base machine due to physical size limitations, the operators enclosure may be bench tested with the loads imposed by the base machine on the enclosure simulated. When bench testing is conducted in conjunction
20、with solar loading, shading of the cab similar to that which is encountered on the vehicle in field conditions is permitted. If this procedure is used, correlation with field data shall be established. 4.2Devices to Measure Dry Bulb Temperature. Measuring accuracy within a 0.5 C of observed values.
21、4.3Devices to Obtain Wet Bulb TemperatureMeasuring accuracy within 0.5 C of observed values. 4.4Devices to Measure Operator Enclosure PressurizationMeasuring accuracy within 10% of observed values. 4.5Devices to Measure RPMMeasuring accuracy within 2% of observed values. 4.6Devices to Measure Air Ve
22、locityMeasuring accuracy within 10% of observed values. 5.Measurement Locations 5.1The ambient air temperature shall be measured at a location where the ambient air is not affected by the machine and at a height equivalent to the air intake height on the operator enclosure. 5.2The operator enclosure
23、 pressurization shall be measured according to SAE J1012. 5.3Dry bulb temperatures shall be measured as close as practical to positions 1 to 6 in Figure 1. NOTEIf an alternative operator station position is available (for example, a reversible operator station), the alternate positions should also b
24、e tested with a comparable array of temperature measurement positions. 5.4It is recommended that the air velocity be measured at the eye point (per SAE J1091) as shown in position 7 in Figure 1. 6.Minimum Performance Levels Common to Air-Conditioning, Heating, and/or Ventilating Systems 6.1The opera
25、tor enclosure should be capable of maintaining a minimum pressurization of 50 Pa throughout the test, as outlined in SAE J1012. Maximum pressurization should not exceed 200 Pa. 6.2Under all conditions of air conditioning, heating, or ventilation, a minimum of 43 m3/h of filtered fresh air should be
26、provided. 6.3At the conclusion of the test, the temperatures measured in the operators environment should be uniform within 5 C. 6.4Filtered fresh air should be passed through a filter that is a minimum of 96% efficient using fine test dust and test procedure as defined in SAE J1533. SAE J1503 Revis
27、ed JAN1998 -5- 6.5It is recommended that a means be provided to limit the maximum velocity in front of the operators eyes to 0.3 m/s. Adjustable diffusers may be used to redirect air. 7.Common Test Procedures 7.1The test conditions specified in 8.1, 9.1, and 10.1 shall be maintained throughout the d
28、uration of the respective test. 7.2Record the temperatures as described in 5.3 at intervals not greater than 5 min. 7.3The operator enclosure dry bulb temperatures from all six locations shall be averaged to obtain operator enclosure dry bulb temperature for each reading interval. 7.4The test shall
29、be considered terminated when either of the following conditions are fulfilled. 7.4.1The minimum temperature recorded in 7.3 does not vary more than 0.5 C in 15 min. 7.4.2One hour of test operation. 7.5An operator may be in the enclosure throughout the duration of the test. 8.Air-Conditioning Perfor
30、mance Test 8.1Test Conditions 8.1.1The air-conditioning system shall be tested in the intended production configuration, adjusted within the manufacturers specifications. 8.1.2The ambient conditions for moderate temperature and high humidity shall be: 8.1.2.1Minimum dry bulb temperature, 38 C. 8.1.2
31、.2Minimum moisture content of 0.018 kg H2O per kg of dry air at or above 38 C. 8.1.2.3Maximum air velocity passing the machine from front to rear, 5 m/s. 8.1.3MACHINE LOAD AND SPEEDWhen the engine or component temperatures (such as transmission) influence the environment within the operator enclosur
32、e, the machine shall be operated at rated engine speed in a mode which will provide at least 50% of the maximum rated net engine power. Net engine power shall be determined in accordance with SAE J1349. Loading of engine through the transmission is recommended. 8.1.4Prior to conducting tests on the
33、air-conditioning system, the machine shall be operated as specified in 8.1.3 for 1 h with the air-conditioning system not in use, to provide a preliminary, stabilizing heat soak period. Doors and windows shall be closed. During this period, ambient temperature shall be as specified in 8.1.2. 8.1.5Th
34、e air-conditioning system controls shall be set according to the manufacturers specifications to provide maximum cooling performance. Requirements of Section 6 shall be maintained throughout the test. SAE J1503 Revised JAN1998 -6- 8.1.6It is recommended that solar loading be applied in accordance wi
35、th SAE J1559. The loading shall be applied in one of the following time periods: a.If the machine or operator enclosure is heat soaked using the engine as defined in 8.1.4, the solar loading is to start at the begining of the air conditioning tests. (Solar loading before the air-conditioning tests i
36、s allowable.) b.If the machine or operator enclosure is not heat soaked as defined in 8.1.4, the solar loading is to begin a minimum of 1 h prior to conducting the air conditioning tests. Doors and windows shall be closed. During this period, ambient temperature shall be as specified in 8.1.2. 8.2Mi
37、nimum Air-Conditioning PerformanceThe air-conditioning system shall be capable of reducing the operator environment temperature 25 C dry bulb or lower. 9.Heater Performance Test 9.1Test Conditions 9.1.1The heating system shall be tested in the intended production configuration, adjusted within the m
38、anufacturers specifications. 9.1.2The ambient conditions for heating tests shall be: 9.1.2.1Maximum dry bulb temperature, 15 C. 9.1.2.2Maximum air velocity passing the machine front to rear, 5 m/s. 9.1.3Test machine shall be cold soaked at the conditions outlined in 9.1.2 for a minimum of 10 h prior
39、 to start of the test. 9.1.4MACHINE LOAD AND SPEEDThe machine shall be operated in accordance with manufacturers recommended warm-up procedure, then rated speed under a maximum load of no more than 20% of the maximum rated net engine power. Net engine power shall be determined in accordance with SAE
40、 J1349. 9.1.5The heater system controls shall be set according to the manufacturers specifications for maximum heating capacity. Requirements of Section 6 shall be maintained throughout the test. 9.1.6If the machine is field tested, no solar heating is allowed on the operator enclosure. 9.2Minimum H
41、eater PerformanceThe heating system shall be capable of increasing the operator environment temperature to 25 C dry bulb or greater. 10.Ventilation Test 10.1 Test Conditions 10.1.1 The ventilation system shall be tested in the intended production configuration, adjusted within the manufacturers spec
42、ifications. 10.1.2 The ambient conditions for the ventilation test shall be: 10.1.2.1Minimum dry bulb temperature, 27 C. 10.1.2.2Maximum air velocity passing the machine from front to rear, 5 m/s. SAE J1503 Revised JAN1998 -7- 10.1.3 MACHINE LOAD AND SPEEDWhen the engine or component temperatures (s
43、uch as transmission) influence the environment within the operator enclosure, the machine shall be operated at rated engine speed in a mode which will provide at least 50% of the maximum rated net engine power. Net engine power shall be determined in accordance with SAE J1349. Loading of engine thro
44、ugh the transmission is recommended. 10.1.4 The ventilation system controls shall be set according to the manufacturers specifications for maximum ventilation. 10.2 Minimum ventilation performance requirements are outlined in Section 6. 11.Notes 11.1 Marginal IndiciaThe change bar (I) located in the
45、 left margin is for the convenience of the user in locating areas where technical revision shave been made to the previous issue of the report. An (R) symbol to the left of the document title indicates a complete revision of the report. PREPARED BY THE SAE HUMAN FACTORS TECHNICAL COMMITTEE SC6 OPERA
46、TOR ACCOMMODATION SAE J1503 Revised JAN1998 RationaleSeveral revisions are being proposed to enhance this SAE Standard. These changes simplify the standard as well as providing a more rigid requirement for both heater and A/C tests. The following changes are proposed: a.The standard test conditions
47、for air-conditioning tests have been revised from 32 C dry bulb to 38 C dry bulb. In addition, the wet bulb condition has been replaced by specifying the minimum amount of moisture (kg H2O per kg dry air) in the test condition. b.The standard test conditions for heater tests have been revised from 7
48、 C to 15 C dry bulb temperature. c.Minimum performance levels have been revised to specify that at the end of the 1 h of test, the average cab temperature should be 25 C for both air-conditioning and heater tests. This eliminates the “Comfort Zone” (Chart 1) previously used. By using a dry bulb targ
49、et temperature, the element of humidity is disregarded. Although humidity is important, typical mobile air-conditioning and heater systems do not have the provision to add humidity nor control the amount of humidity that is removed. d.A section has been added to specify when solar loading is to be applied during the air conditioning tests. e.5.5 and 5.5 have been eliminated which specified that pressures in refrigerant system and machine temperatures such as engine, transmission, and hydraulic temperat