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1、SKF four-row taper roller bearings set new performance standards Jetzt mit den neuen SKF Explorer Lagern! Now with the new SKF Explorer bearings 2 Contents 1Product information. 3 Quality and choice . 3 Why four-row taper roller bearings? 3 Why four-row taper roller bearings from SKF? . 3 Unique des
2、ign features . 4 SKF Explorer bearings a quantum leap forwards . 6 Proven bearing arrangements . 8 2Recommendations 10 Aplication advices 10 Design of bearing arrangements . 10 Lubrication. 11 Mounting 12 Monitoring the bearings in operation . 13 Dismounting. 14 Disassembling SKF Explorer inner ring
3、s and cage and roller assemblies. 14 Reassembling SKF Explorer inner rings and cage and roller assemblies. 15 Bearing storage . 15 3Product data . 16 General bearing data 16 Designs 16 Design identification. 18 SKF Explorer class bearings 19 Dimensions 19 Tolerances 19 Internal clearance 19 Influenc
4、e of operating temperature on bearing material . 19 Minimum load. 19 Equivalent dynamic bearing load. 19 Equivalent static bearing load 19 Comparative load ratings. 20 Designations and suffixes 20 Product table 22 Other SKF products. 34 CR radial shaft seals and V-ring seals . 34 CR repair sleeves.
5、35 SKF lubricating greases . 36 SKF The knowledge engineering company . 38 The SKF brand now stands for more than ever before, and means more to you as a valued customer. While SKF maintains its leadership as the hallmark of quality bearings throughout the world, new dimensions in technical advances
6、, product support and services have evolved SKF into a truly solutions-oriented supplier, creating greater value for customers. These solutions encompass ways to bring greater productivity to customers, not only with breakthrough application-specific products, but also through leading- edge design s
7、imulation tools and consultancy services, plant asset efficiency maintenance programs, and the industrys most advanced supply management techniques. The SKF brand still stands for the very best in rolling bearings, but it now stands for much more. SKF The knowledge engineering company 3 1 1Product i
8、nformation2Recommendations3Product data Customer benefitsPage . 10Page . 16 Quality and choice Why four-row taper roller bearings? Four-row taper roller bearings are used successfully worldwide for rolling mill bearing arrangements, particularly as work and back-up roll bearings for hot as well as c
9、old rolling mills. As they can support both heavy radial loads and simultaneously acting axial loads they permit simple and cost effective roll neck bearing arrangements. Why four-row taper roller bearings from SKF? SKF is long acquainted with the use of rolling bearings in rolling mills. As early a
10、s 1922 SKF introduced roller bear- ings as roll neck bearings in the SKF steelworks Hofors Bruk. Since then both builders and operators of rolling mills have benefitted from innovative SKF bearing technology. SKF four-row taper roller bear- ings are available in a wide range of sizes and designs app
11、ropriate to the application. These include TQO and TQI configuration (face-to-face or back-to- back arangement), sealed and open bearings, bearings with or without extended inner rings, bearings with cylindrical or tapered bore, bearings with and without spacer rings. Specific features of these SKF
12、bear- ings are, among others, logarithmic contact profile between rollers and raceways provides a more favourable stress distribution in the bearing and considerably enhances operational reliability, special roller end/flange contact geometry designed to promote lubrication and minimise friction and
13、, of course, quality of SKF manufacture. However, the technical development of SKF four-row taper roller bearings has been driven yet further. The result the SKF Explorer four-row taper roller bearings sets a completely new performance standard. To appreciate the excellent features and benefits of S
14、KF Explorer bearings, read more about them on the following pages. 4 Design featuresPage . 10Page . 16 1Product information2Recommendations3Product data Favourable stress distribution The contact geometry between the rollers and raceways has been much improved by the use of logarithmic contact profi
15、le geometry resulting in optimized stress distribution in the bearing under all conditions of load and misalignment. SKF taper roller bearings are state-of- the-art products. This was particularly true for the contact conditions in stand- ard bearings, but is even more so for the SKF Explorer bearin
16、gs. Unique design features Even load distribution under normal loads; extended roller/race- way contacts, i.e. lower stresses Improved stress distri- bution due to reduced edge stresses under heavy loads and also when misaligned, i.e. much higher oper- ational reliability. Improved roller end/flange
17、 contact, i.e. optimized lubrica- tion, minimized friction The C design of the seal leaves space for rollers that are almost as long as those of open bearings so that the load carrying capacity is almost equal. Bearings without spacer rings are sim- pler to mount and the load distribution is better
18、5 1 1Product information2Recommendations3Product data Design featuresPage . 10Page . 16 Efficient lubrication The superior logarithmic contact pro- file and the optimized raceway sur- faces of the rings and rollers not only improve lubrication conditions but are also less demanding of the lubricant.
19、 Efficient lubrication of the flange The special form of the surfaces of the inner ring guide flanges and the large ends of the rollers considerably enhance lubricant film formation in the sliding roller end/flange contacts. Well-designed seals The radial shaft seals of SKF four-row taper roller bea
20、rings have the form of a C and extend over the cages of the two outboard roller and cage assem- blies. Because of the compact design the bearing can incorporate rollers of the same, or almost the same length as the open bearing of the same dimensions so that the load carrying capacity is the same or
21、 very similar. A stainless steel garter spring enables the sealing lip to exert the requisite pressure. The seals are ther- mally and chemically stable and can operate at high sliding velocities. O-rings inserted in grooves in the outer ring outside surface prevent dirt and water from penetrating be
22、tween the outer rings and the chock bore, from where it can contaminate the bearing and cause corrosion. Spacer rings if needed Even though most of the bearings in the SKF range of four-row taper roller bearings are now made without spa- cer rings, bearings with spacer rings are available for applic
23、ations where they are needed. Better: without spacer rings Bearings without spacer rings are generally the better engineering solu- tion and have two main advantages: They comprise fewer component parts and can thus be mounted more easily and quickly. Four separate outer rings contribute to a more e
24、ven load distribution and consequently, a longer service life. resistance and enhances the ability to support heavy and shock loads and increases the dynamic load carrying ability. Longer service life Increased dynamic load carrying capacity implies longer service life and this is reinforced and ext
25、ended by the benefits derived from a further refinement of the contact geometry, an increase in flange strength, an increase in manufacturing quality. A new heat treatment process pro- vides an excellent balance between material hardness and toughness. The high surface hardness increases wear resist
26、ance, which is particularly import- ant under the tough operating condi- The performance of the previous stand- ard taper roller bearings has confirmed the benefits of the improved roller/raceway geometry and the opti- mized roller end/flange contact. In addition the new SKF Explorer per- formance c
27、lass four-row taper roller bearings meet important customer demands and are characterized by higher load carrying capacity, longer service life, unique inspection/maintenance capabilities, improved seals. Higher load carrying capacity The steel used for SKF Explorer bear- ings has high purity and ex
28、treme low oxygen content. The reduction in the number of inclusions increases the fatigue strength as well as the wear 6 Design featuresPage . 10Page . 16 1Product information2Recommendations3Product data SKF Explorer bear- ings are made of extremely clean steel. Modified cage pock- et design improv
29、es lubrication. The new seal made of environmentally friendly material seals more efficient- ly against the rotat- ing inner ring. The cage and roller assemblies can be separated from the inner rings no special tools are required. The maintenance- friendly seals are easy to remove and reinstall. SKF
30、 Explorer bearings a quantum leap forwards oxygen content normal bearing steel steel for SKF Explorer bearings tions in rolling mills, characterized by contamination by scale and water. The lubrication conditions in the bear- ings have also been further improved. Modified cage pocket design improves
31、 lubrication at the sliding contact between rollers and cages. The special raceway surface contributes to excel- lent lubricant film formation at the con- tacts between rollers and raceways. Finally, the precise matching between the roller rows makes for a more even load distribution over all four r
32、ows of rollers. There is thus a solid foundation for the longer service life of the SKF Explorer bearings compared with their prede- cessors. Improved seals The new seals are made of environ- mentally friendly hydrogenated acrylo- nitrile butadiene rubber. The new seal design has resulted in improve
33、d reten- tion and sealing in the outer ring and increased sealing efficiency against the inner ring land. Unique inspection/maintenance capabilities Under the operating conditions which some four-row taper roller bearings are exposed to even the best bearings require efficient maintenance. The newly
34、 developed cage allows the cage and roller assemblies to be removed from the inner rings and to be re- installed. It is now possible to inspect the inner rings completely and if necessary, to refurbish them. The seals also have been redesigned to be more maintenance-friendly. They are simply snapped
35、 into their retaining grooves. Dismounting and reinstalla- tion could not be easier. Efficient refurbishment The SKF Explorer four-row taper roller bearings have decisive advantages when it comes to refurbishment: The cage and roller assemblies can now be easily dismantled from, and reassembled to t
36、he inner rings, allowing full inspection and eventual refurbishment. Cage and roller assemblies and inner and outer rings of various bearings can now be combined as desired to form “new” bearings. All that is required is to regrind the ring side faces, which is now also possible for inner rings. The
37、 new seal design permits quick removal and installation. 7 1 1Product information2Recommendations3Product data Design featuresPage . 10Page . 16 Availability The most popular four-row taper roller bearings are already produced to the SKF Explorer performance class specifications. The designations of
38、 the SKF Explorer bearings are printed in blue in the product table. Product identification The designation of an SKF Explorer four-row taper roller bearing is the same as that of the previous standard bearing except that it carries the suffix E for easy recognition. SKF four-row taper roller bearin
39、gs have been successfully used in rolling mills around the world for decades. The bearings are characterized by accuracy and reliability even under extreme operating conditions. Whether in hot or cold rolling mills for flat products or profiles, SKF four- row taper roller bearings are often the firs
40、t choice. Over the past 80 years, SKF has accumulated considerable experience with rolling bearings in the steel indus- try and this know-how is always avail- able to customers of the worlds lead- ing rolling bearing manufacturer. SKF application engineers provide support to both machine builders an
41、d end users around the world. On request, SKF experts will assist in mounting bearings and training maintenance personnel. When needed, SKF spe- cialists are available on site anywhere in the world saving time and money for the customer. 8 Rolling millsPage . 10Page . 16 1Product information2Recomme
42、ndations3Product data L L Applications Gheavy plate mills Ghot strip mills Gcold rolling mills Gskin pass mills Groughing mills Guniversal beam mills Grod, bar and wire mills Requirements Glong service life Gprecisely defined performance Glow maintenance Gno unplanned stoppages Genvironmental friend
43、liness Gtechnical support Solution Proven bearing arrangements 9 1 1Product information2Recommendations3Product data Rolling millsPage . 10Page . 16 Axial location of inner rings on the roll neck The inner rings must not be axially clamped. There must remain a total clearance between the bearing rin
44、gs and their abutments of 0,2 to 1,3 mm ( fig). 1 Design of bearing arrangements Roll neck requirements In most rolling mill applications four- row taper roller bearings are mounted with a loose fit on the roll neck. The roll neck journal and the axial abut- ment for the inner rings must have a cert
45、ain minimum hardness. The rec- ommended hardness is 45 Shore ( 34 HRC) for the roll neck surface and 60 Shore ( 45 HRC) for the axial abutments for the inner rings 10 Page . 3Bearing arrangement designPage . 16 1Product information2Recommendations3Product data Application advices 0,2 -1,3 1Fig The i
46、nner rings must not be axially clamped on the roll neck 11 2 1Product information2Recommendations3Product data Page . 3LubricationPage . 16 Lubrication No bearing arrangement will function properly unless it is adequately lubri- cated. Depending on the design, sev- eral options are available for the
47、 lubri- cation of SKF four-row taper roller bearings. Bearings without seals may be lubri- cated with grease (continuously or periodically) or with oil: oil bath, oil bath supplemented with oil-air, oil mist or circulating oil. Sealed four-row taper roller bearings are manufactured to two designs: b
48、earings which can be relubricated, the VA901 and VA903 or E1 and E3 executions for grease or oil lubrication, and completely sealed bearings, the VA902 or E2 executions only for grease lubrication. 2Fig Completely sealed bearings without lubrication facility The bearings without relubrication facili
49、ty should be filled with a high quality grease on mounting. The SKF grease LGHB 2 ( page). is rec- ommended. The bearings normally are in operation in the chock for some 1 000 to 1 500 hours, depending on the working conditions. They are then removed from the chock, dismounted, washed, preserved, inspected and then filled with grease and remounted in the cleaned and inspected chock, the outer rings having been turned to expose a fresh loaded zone. Air-oil lubrication for sealed bearings The sealed bearings with relubrica