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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN ? 1998-6:2005 Eurocode 8 Design ? of structures for earthquake ? resistance Part 6: Towers, masts and chimneys The European Standard EN 1998-6:2005 has the status of a British Standard ICS 91.120.25 ? Licensed Copy: x x, University of Glamorgan, Thu Jul 05 13:11:32 GMT+00:00 2
2、007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 1998-6:2005 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee ? on 12 January 2006 BSI 12 January 2006 ISBN 0 580 46614 0 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of ? E
3、N 1998-6:2005. It supersedes DD ENV 1998-3:1997 which is withdrawn. The structural Eurocodes are divided into packages by grouping Eurocodes for each of the main materials, concrete, steel, composite concrete and steel, timber, masonry and aluminium. This is to enable a common date of withdrawal (DO
4、W) for all the relevant parts that are needed for a particular design. The conflicting national standards will be withdrawn at the end of the coexistence period, after all the EN Eurocodes of a package are available. Following publication of the EN, there is a period of two years allowed for the nat
5、ional calibration period during which the national annex is issued, followed by a three year coexistence period. During the coexistence period Member States will be encouraged to adapt their national provisions to withdraw conflicting national rules before the end of the coexistence period. The Comm
6、ission in consultation with Member States is expected to agree the end of the coexistence period for each package of Eurocodes. At the end of the coexistence period, the national standards will be withdrawn. In the UK, there is no corresponding national standard. The UK participation in its preparat
7、ion was entrusted by Technical Committee B/525, Building and civil engineering structures, to Subcommittee B/525/8, Structures in seismic regions, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the i
8、nterpretation, or proposals for change, and keep UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Where a normative part of this EN allow
9、s for a choice to be made at the national level, the range and possible choice will be given in the normative text, and a note will qualify it as a Nationally Determined Parameter (NDP). NDPs can be a specific value for a factor, a specific level or class, a particular method or a particular applica
10、tion rule if several are proposed in the EN. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, page i, a blank page, the EN title page, pages 2 to 47 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendm
11、ents issued since publication Amd. No. DateComments Licensed Copy: x x, University of Glamorgan, Thu Jul 05 13:11:32 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS EN 1998-6:2005 i To enable EN 1998 to be used in the UK, the NDPs will be published in a National Annex, which will be made available by
12、BSI in due course, after public consultation has taken place. There are generally no requirements in the UK to consider seismic loading, and the whole of the UK may be considered an area of very low seismicity in which the provisions of EN 1998 need not apply. However, certain types of structure, by
13、 reason of their function, location or form, may warrant an explicit consideration of seismic actions. It is the intention in due course to publish separately background information on the circumstances in which this might apply in the UK. Cross-references The British Standards which implement inter
14、national or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purp
15、ort to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Licensed Copy: x x, University of Glamorgan, Thu Jul 05 13:11:32 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Co
16、py, (c) BSI blank Licensed Copy: x x, University of Glamorgan, Thu Jul 05 13:11:32 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ? EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 1998-6 June 2005 ICS 91.120.25Supersedes ENV 1998-3:1996 English version Eurocode 8: Design of structures for earthquak
17、e resistance - Part 6: Towers, masts and chimneys Eurocode 8: Calcul des structures pour leur rsistance aux sismes - Partie 6 : Tours, mts et chemines Eurocode 8: Auslegung von Bauwerken gegen Erdbeben - Teil 6: Trme, Maste und Schornsteine This European Standard was approved by CEN on 25 April 2005
18、. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on
19、 application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat
20、 has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
21、 Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2005 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved wo
22、rldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1998-6:2005: E Licensed Copy: x x, University of Glamorgan, Thu Jul 05 13:11:32 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ? EN 1998-6:2005 (E) 2 Contents 1GENERAL 8 1.1SCOPE8 1.2REFERENCES 8 1.3ASSUMPTIONS 9 1.4DISTINCTION BETWEEN PRINCIPLES AND APPLICA
23、TION RULES 9 1.5TERMS AND DEFINITIONS 10 1.5.1Special terms used in EN 1998-6 10 1.6SYMBOLS10 1.6.1General 10 1.6.2Further symbols used in EN 1998-6 10 1.7S.I.UNITS11 2PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS AND COMPLIANCE CRITERIA 12 2.1FUNDAMENTAL REQUIREMENTS 12 2.2COMPLIANCE CRITERIA 12 2.2.1Foundation 12 2.2.
24、2Ultimate limit state 12 2.2.3Damage limitation state 12 3SEISMIC ACTION 13 3.1DEFINITION OF THE SEISMIC INPUT 13 3.2ELASTIC RESPONSE SPECTRUM 13 3.3DESIGN RESPONSE SPECTRUM 13 3.4TIME-HISTORY REPRESENTATION 13 3.5LONG PERIOD COMPONENTS OF THE MOTION AT A POINT 13 3.6GROUND MOTION COMPONENTS 14 4DES
25、IGN OF EARTHQUAKE RESISTANT TOWERS, MASTS AND CHIMNEYS 15 4.1IMPORTANCE CLASSES AND IMPORTANCE FACTORS 15 4.2MODELLING RULES AND ASSUMPTIONS 15 4.2.1Number of degrees of freedom 15 4.2.2Masses 16 4.2.3Stiffness 16 4.2.4Damping 17 4.2.5Soil-structure interaction 17 4.3METHODS OF ANALYSIS 18 4.3.1Appl
26、icable methods 18 4.3.2Lateral force method 18 4.3.2.1General18 4.3.2.2Seismic forces 19 4.3.3Modal response spectrum analysis 19 4.3.3.1General19 4.3.3.2Number of modes 19 4.3.3.3Combination of modes 19 4.4COMBINATIONS OF THE EFFECTS OF THE COMPONENTS OF THE SEISMIC ACTION 20 4.5COMBINATIONS OF THE
27、 SEISMIC ACTION WITH OTHER ACTIONS 20 4.6DISPLACEMENTS 20 4.7SAFETY VERIFICATIONS 20 4.7.1Ultimate limit state 20 4.7.2Resistance condition of the structural elements 20 Licensed Copy: x x, University of Glamorgan, Thu Jul 05 13:11:32 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ? EN 1998-6:2005 (E) 3
28、 4.7.3Second order effects 21 4.7.4Resistance of connections 21 4.7.5Stability 21 4.7.6Ductility and energy dissipation condition 22 4.7.7Foundations 22 4.7.8Guys and fittings 22 4.8THERMAL EFFECTS 22 4.9DAMAGE LIMITATION STATE 22 4.10BEHAVIOUR FACTOR 23 4.10.1General 23 4.10.2Values of modification
29、 factor kr 23 5SPECIFIC RULES FOR REINFORCED CONCRETE CHIMNEYS 25 5.1SCOPE25 5.2DESIGN FOR DISSIPATIVE BEHAVIOUR 25 5.3DETAILING OF THE REINFORCEMENT 26 5.3.1Minimum reinforcement (vertical and horizontal) 26 5.3.2Minimum reinforcement around openings 27 5.4SPECIAL RULES FOR ANALYSIS AND DESIGN 27 5
30、.5DAMAGE LIMITATION STATE 28 6SPECIAL RULES FOR STEEL CHIMNEYS 29 6.1DESIGN FOR DISSIPATIVE BEHAVIOUR 29 6.2MATERIALS 29 6.2.1General 29 6.2.2Mechanical properties for structural carbon steels 30 6.2.3Mechanical properties of stainless steels 30 6.2.4Connections 30 6.3DAMAGE LIMITATION STATE 30 6.4U
31、LTIMATE LIMIT STATE 30 7SPECIAL RULES FOR STEEL TOWERS 31 7.1SCOPE31 7.2DESIGN FOR DISSIPATIVE BEHAVIOUR 31 7.3MATERIALS 31 7.4DESIGN OF TOWERS WITH CONCENTRIC BRACINGS 31 7.5SPECIAL RULES FOR THE DESIGN OF ELECTRICAL TRANSMISSION TOWERS 32 7.6DAMAGE LIMITATION STATE 32 7.7OTHER SPECIAL DESIGN RULES
32、 34 8SPECIAL RULES FOR GUYED MASTS 35 8.1SCOPE35 8.2SPECIAL ANALYSIS AND DESIGN REQUIREMENTS 35 8.3MATERIALS 35 8.4DAMAGE LIMITATION STATE 36 Licensed Copy: x x, University of Glamorgan, Thu Jul 05 13:11:32 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ? EN 1998-6:2005 (E) 4 FOREWORD This European Stan
33、dard EN 1998-6, Eurocode 8: Design of structures for earthquake resistance: Towers, masts and chimneys, has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 250 “Structural Eurocodes”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. CEN/TC 250 is responsible for all Structural Eurocodes. This European Standard
34、shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2005 and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at latest by March 2010. This document supersedes ENV 1998-3:1996. According to the CEN-CENELEC Interna
35、l Regulations, the National Standard Organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlan
36、ds, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Background of the Eurocode programme In 1975, the Commission of the European Community decided on an action programme in the field of construction, based on article 95 of the Treaty. The objective of the
37、 programme was the elimination of technical obstacles to trade and the harmonisation of technical specifications. Within this action programme, the Commission took the initiative to establish a set of harmonised technical rules for the design of construction works which, in a first stage, would serv
38、e as an alternative to the national rules in force in the Member States and, ultimately, would replace them. For fifteen years, the Commission, with the help of a Steering Committee with Representatives of Member States, conducted the development of the Eurocodes programme, which led to the first ge
39、neration of European codes in the 1980s. In 1989, the Commission and the Member States of the EU and EFTA decided, on the basis of an agreement1 between the Commission and CEN, to transfer the preparation and the publication of the Eurocodes to CEN through a series of Mandates, in order to provide t
40、hem with a future status of European Standard (EN). This links de facto the Eurocodes with the provisions of all the Councils Directives and/or Commissions Decisions dealing with European standards (e.g. the Council Directive 89/106/EEC on construction products - CPD - and Council Directives 93/37/E
41、EC, 92/50/EEC and 89/440/EEC on public works and services and equivalent EFTA Directives initiated in pursuit of setting up the internal market). The Structural Eurocode programme comprises the following standards generally consisting of a number of Parts: EN 1990 Eurocode: Basis of structural desig
42、n EN 1991 Eurocode 1: Actions on structures 1 Agreement between the Commission of the European Communities and the European Committee for Standardisation (CEN) concerning the work on EUROCODES for the design of building and civil engineering works (BC/CEN/03/89). Licensed Copy: x x, University of Gl
43、amorgan, Thu Jul 05 13:11:32 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI ? EN 1998-6:2005 (E) 5 EN 1992 Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures EN 1993 Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures EN 1994 Eurocode 4: Design of composite steel and concrete structures EN 1995 Eurocode 5: Design of timber s
44、tructures EN 1996 Eurocode 6: Design of masonry structures EN 1997 Eurocode 7: Geotechnical design EN 1998 Eurocode 8: Design of structures for earthquake resistance EN 1999 Eurocode 9: Design of aluminium structures Eurocode standards recognise the responsibility of regulatory authorities in each M
45、ember State and have safeguarded their right to determine values related to regulatory safety matters at national level where these continue to vary from State to State. Status and field of application of Eurocodes The Member States of the EU and EFTA recognise that Eurocodes serve as reference docu
46、ments for the following purposes: as a means to prove compliance of building and civil engineering works with the essential requirements of Council Directive 89/106/EEC, particularly Essential Requirement N1 Mechanical resistance and stability and Essential Requirement N2 Safety in case of fire; as
47、a basis for specifying contracts for construction works and related engineering services; as a framework for drawing up harmonised technical specifications for construction products (ENs and ETAs) The Eurocodes, as far as they concern the construction works themselves, have a direct relationship wit
48、h the Interpretative Documents2referred to in Article 12 of the CPD, although they are of a different nature from harmonised product standards3. Therefore, technical aspects arising from the Eurocodes work need to be adequately considered by CEN Technical Committees and/or EOTA Working Groups workin
49、g on product standards with a view to achieving full compatibility of these technical specifications with the Eurocodes. The Eurocode standards provide common structural design rules for everyday use for the design of whole structures and component products of both a traditional and an innovative nature. Unusual forms of construction or design conditions are not specifically covered and additional expert consideration will be r