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1、 AFDD Template Guide 20 September 2002 . Air Mobility Operations Air Force Doctrine Document 2-6 1 March 2006 This document complements related discussion found in Joint Publication 3-17, Joint Doctrine and Joint Tactics, Techniques and Procedures for Air Mobility Operations. BY ORDER OF THE AIR FOR
2、CE DOCTRINE DOCUMENT 2-6 SECRETARY OF THE AIR FORCE 1 MARCH 2006 SUMMARY OF REVISIONS This document is substantially revised. It updates the previous edition and incorporates information formerly included in Air Force Doctrine Documents 2-6.1, Airlift Operations; 2-6.2, Air Refueling; and 2-6.3, Air
3、 Mobility Support; which are superseded by this document. This revision includes lessons learned from the many operations that have been conducted since this document was initially developed. Command and Control and force presentation have been updated in chapter two to reflect the evolution of air
4、mobility and expeditionary practices. It also clarifies the command relationships of director of mobility forces and the air mobility division. The aeromedical evacuation segment has been completely revised and a new chapter has been added reflecting changes to current practice. The discussion of gl
5、obal air mobility support has been greatly expanded to address lessons learned since publishing the previous version, and a new chapter has been added to address common planning practices. Finally, there have been a number of terminology changes; most significantly, the DIRMOBFOR has been changed to
6、 DIRMOBFOR-AIR, and the legacy term “TALCE” has been redefined as a Contingency Response Element (CRE) to clarify its status as an element of a Contingency Response Group (CRG). Supersedes: AFDD 2-6, 25 Jun 99, AFDD 2-6.1 13 Nov 99, AFDD 2-6.2 19 Jul 99, AFDD 2-6.3 10 Nov 99 OPR: HQ AFDC/DR (Lt Col
7、Richard Surdel) Certified by: AFDC/CC (Maj Gen Bentley B. Rayburn) Pages: 122 Distribution: F Approved by: T. MICHAEL MOSELEY, General, USAF Chief of Staff FOREWORD The US Air Force provides unique warfighting capabilities that are essential to joint operations. Foremost among these capabilities is
8、the ability to rapidly focus American combat power and life saving resources anywhere on the planet. Frequently, and especially in the opening stages of a conflict, air and space power may be the main manifestation of combat power we bring to bear against an adversary. Of these capabilities, the Air
9、 Force provides a very singular form of power: the ability to rapidly position and sustain forces at places and times of our choosing. This pivotal capabilityair mobilityis the essential ingredient for modern US expeditionary operations and supports joint force commander-desired effects to deter, di
10、ssuade, or destroy the enemy. Force projection provides for presence, mass and maneuver, surprise, security and economy. It is the sum of an impressive fleet of transport and aerial refueling aircraft, underpinned by a flexible support system, and operated by a specialized cadre of active duty Air F
11、orce, Air Force Reserve, Air National Guard, and Air Force civilian personnel. While other forms of American military power have some degree of inherent mobility, the scale of flexibility and responsiveness of the Air Forces air mobility forces is singular in the history of world conflict. We must u
12、nderstand and apply our doctrine in order to succeed in current and future challenges. To do this smoothly and consistently, our planning and employment must be clearly understood and, most importantly, repeatable. To make that happen, we have captured our best practices in doctrine documents such a
13、s this one. We must learn and practice our own doctrine. We must understand what it means to be an Airman and be able to articulate what air and space power, and especially air mobility, can bring to the joint fight. Every Airman should read, discuss, and practice doctrine, and to ensure that it ada
14、pts as necessary to remain applicable in our changing environment. T. MICHAEL MOSELEY General, USAF Chief of Staff iii TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTIONvii FOUNDATIONAL DOCTRINE STATEMENTS .ix CHAPTER ONEAn Introduction to Air Mobility 1 General1 The Air Mobility Force2 Active Duty Forces.2 Air Reserve
15、 Component.3 Civil Reserve Air Fleet3 Air Mobility and the Principles of War.4 Mass 4 Maneuver.5 Economy of Force5 Security and Surprise.6 Air Mobility and Tenets of Air and Space Power6 Centralized Control and Decentralized Execution6 Flexibility and Versatility.7 Synergistic Effects7 Concentration
16、.7 Priority8 Intertheater and Intratheater Operations .8 Intertheater.8 Intratheater.9 Agile Combat Support and Air Mobility Operations9 CHAPTER TWOOrganization and Command B, to support them while they are at the fight; C, to bring them home when the fight is over. General Charles T. Robertson Comm
17、ander, US Transportation Command, 1998-2001 CHAPTER ONE AN INTRODUCTION TO AIR MOBILITY GENERAL Air mobility forces provide global reach, power, and vigilance necessary to achieve US national objectives. The US military is an expeditionary force, called upon by national leaders to perform their func
18、tions around the globe either directly accomplishing national objectives or supporting other agencies in that pursuit. All Services and many other government agencies rely upon Air Force air mobility forces to deploy, sustain, and redeploy them in these endeavors. Air mobility is the fastest and mos
19、t flexible of the transportation modes, and is therefore in high demand. Quick and decisive responses can defuse crises before they escalate, deter aggression, and in some cases defeat an adversary before he can solidify his gains. Rapid global mobility is the key to maintaining global presence and
20、a timely response capability. The synergistic combination of airlift, air refueling, and air mobility support represents one of the great characteristics differentiating the Air Force from the air arms of other Services and from the capabilities of any other nations air forces. This capability was f
21、ounded on the principles of war and tenets of air and space power, lending credibility and strength to its development. Rapid global mobility, especially air mobility, is the backbone of expeditionary operations. It enables the prompt application of combat power and plays a crucial role in supportin
22、g US national strategies. Collectively, the air mobility force represents a capability unmatched anywhere in the world. Air mobility doctrine represents an accumulation of best practices from World War II through the most recent conflicts, including Operation IRAQI FREEDOM. This doctrine embodies th
23、e growth of air mobility operations into a seamless, integrated whole encompassing a global functional role, daily supporting all the geographic combatant commands; as well as the more focused support to regional joint and combined commands engaged in high intensity operations. The components of the
24、 air mobility forceairlift, air refueling, and air mobility supportwork synergistically with each other and with other combat forces to enable and enhance the capability of the Air Force and the US military. Air mobility forces are employed across the range of military 2 operations. They are drawn f
25、rom three sources: active duty, air reserve components (ARC), and civilian augmentation. These forces are organized and commanded through two integrated command and control systems: one globally oriented to support all combatant commanders and another system tailored to the demands of each combatant
26、 commander and associated commander, Air Force forces (COMAFFOR) or joint force air and space component commander (JFACC), if the COMAFFOR is designated the JFACC. Airlift (including aeromedical evacuation), air refueling, and air mobility support forces each bring their own unique contributions to
27、the Air Force and the joint environment. Commanders and planners need to understand the unique capabilities of these forces to employ them effectively and efficiently. Effective integration of intertheater and intratheater air mobility operations is critical to efficient and timely air mobility supp
28、ort to the warfighter. Together, these air mobility elements comprise a truly unique capability for the Air Force. THE AIR MOBILITY FORCE Airlift and air refueling are two of the Air Forces 17 operational air and space power functions. When airlift and air refueling are combined with the global air
29、mobility support system (GAMSS), they form a composite, synergistic power projection capability for the United States. The Air Force achieves maximum effectiveness and efficiency through sound blending and leveraging of all three of these components. Air mobility support provides the foundation. Air
30、lift and air refueling can operate independently of one another but often enhance each others capabilities, though neither can operate without the global air mobility support element. The success of worldwide air mobility operations depends on the combined efforts of regular forces, Air National Gua
31、rd (ANG) forces, Air Force Reserve Command (AFRC) forces, Air Force civilians, and civil air transportation partners. Collectively, they support operations across the spectrum, from humanitarian and disaster relief missions to conventional, and, if necessary, nuclear war. Major portions of the natio
32、ns total air mobility capability lies outside the active duty Air Force. Consequently, air mobility operations depend significantly on Guard, Reserve, and Civil Reserve Air Fleet (CRAF) assets to meet both peace and wartime taskings. Although Air Mobility Command (AMC) is assigned and controls the m
33、ajority of air mobility forces, US Air Forces in Europe (USAFE), Pacific Air Forces (PACAF) and US Central Command Air Forces (USCENTAF) are also assigned some air mobility forces. Active Duty Forces The active duty forces comprise approximately half of the capability of the air mobility force. Thes
34、e aircraft, aircrews, support personnel, and equipment respond rapidly to the needs of the Air Force and the nation. The active duty force responds rapidly to meet the needs of the geographic combatant commanders in support of national objectives. They are usually the first units to begin moving in
35、any contingency or disaster since mobility forces must position initially to enable the deployment of the responding forces. In times of greater need the active duty Air Force calls on the Air Reserve Component for augmentation. 3 ARC assets comprise approximately half of the air mobility force Air
36、Reserve Component (ARC) The Air Force Reserve Command and the Air National Guard together comprise the Air Reserve Component. Their air mobility forces form an integral part of the air mobility force and conduct operations supporting national taskings every day. Peacetime access to ARC forces is pro
37、vided through a mechanism of volunteerism. ARC individuals volunteer to serve during contingencies to supplement active duty forces for a specified period of time. During crises, volunteers and activated ARC units augment the active duty force, providing approximately half of the Air Forces air refu
38、eling, airlift, and air mobility support forces, and over eighty percent of aeromedical evacuation forces. When air mobility requirements exceed capability available through volunteerism, activation of ARC units may be required. Civil Reserve Air Fleet The CRAF is a voluntary contractual program whe
39、re civil carriers agree to augment military airlift during a crisis in exchange for peacetime defense business. During peacetime, major exercises, and regional contingencies, CRAF carriers are contracted to fly scheduled passenger, patient/casualty, cargo channel missions, special assignment airlift
40、 missions (SAAMs), and charter missions. A number of CRAF aircraft are specifically modified to support aeromedical evacuation missions. This overall support gives AMC the capacity to meet both routine scheduled and surge commitments flexibly and simultaneously. The commander, United States Transpor
41、tation Command (CDRUSTRANSCOM), with approval of the Secretary of Defense (SecDef), is the activation authority for each stage of CRAF. Airframes pledged to the CRAF are activated in three progressive stages with each stage providing additional lift capacity: ? Stage ICommitted Expansion. Used for a
42、 minor regional contingency or other situation when AMC organic airlift resources cannot meet both deployment and other airlift requirements simultaneously. ? Stage IIDefense Airlift Emergency. Supports a single major theater war or other major contingency. ? Stage IIINational Emergency. Used for mu
43、ltiple major theater wars or other national emergencies requiring mobilization of all Department of Defense (DOD) resources and utilizing the total CRAF airlift capability as required to support US military forces worldwide. 4 The DOD tasks the minimum percentage of assets in each stage necessary to
44、 fulfill national transportation objectives. During activation, the air carriers continue to operate and maintain the aircraft and support the crew with organic resources while AMC, through the 18th Air Force (18 AF) tanker airlift control center (18 AF TACC), exercises control of the missions. Upon
45、 activation, USTRANSCOM and the 18AF/TACC work with the CRAF to ensure integration with military airlift operations. AIR MOBILITY AND THE PRINCIPLES OF WAR Air mobilitys strength lies in its application of five principles of warmass, maneuver, economy of force, security and surprise to the applicati
46、on of air and space power for the United States. It exploits and enhances the speed, range, and flexibility inherent in all air and space power. Additionally, the fundamental tenets of centralized control and decentralized execution, flexibility and versatility, synergistic effects, concentration, a
47、nd priority have a unique impact on air mobility. Together, the principles of war and basic tenets help translate doctrinal beliefs into successful operational concepts. Mass Air mobility concentrates the effects of combat power, both direct and indirect, at the most advantageous place and time. Rap
48、id global mobility (as provided by the air assets of the Defense Transportation System DTS) also ensures that US forces can have superiority of materiel when executing operations. Air mobility operations allow During the early phases of Operation DESERT SHIELD, it became apparent that the Air Force
49、would need additional aircraft to meet the growing airlift requirements. On 17 August 1990, United States Transportation Command activated stage I of the CRAF guaranteeing USTRANSCOM the use of 38 additional aircraft. These assets were used to preposition cargo overseas. Supporting the Presidents call for additional forces just prior to hostilities and to help ensure a steady stream of resupply, Secretary of Defense Richard B. Cheney activated CRAF stage II on 17 January 1991. The Stage II activation yielded a total of 76 passenge