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1、1AS 1289.1.4.11998 Australian Standard Methods of testing soils for engineering purposes Method 1.4.1: Sampling and preparation of soilsSelection of sampling or test sites Random number method 1SCOPEThis Standard sets out the method for selecting (a)the location of sampling or test sites for testing
2、 of soils; (b)the time at which a sample is to be taken; and (c)the tonnage or volume of material at which a sample is to be taken. The method uses random numbers obtained from a random number table (see Table 1) or generated using a suitable electronic calculator or algorithm. The method is based o
3、n ASTM D 3665. 2REFERENCEDDOCUMENTThefollowingdocumentisreferredtointhis Standard: ASTM D 3665Standard practice for random sampling of construction materials 3PROCEDURE 3.1Selection of a random numberA random number shall be selected using either of the following methods: (a)Using Table 1The procedu
4、re shall be as follows: (i)Obtain a row number (R) corresponding to the first two digits of a number found by blindly pointing to Table 1. Either page of the Table may be used but alternate between successive uses. NOTE: The digits 0.001 to 0.009 are invalid for choosing a row number. The number 1.0
5、00 is used for row number 100. (ii)Obtain a column number (C) corresponding to the first digit of a number found by blindly pointing a second time to the Table. (iii)Obtain a random number (r) corresponding to the intersection of Row (R) and Column (C) in the Table. Example: First number selected is
6、 0.548 which gives Row (R) 54 Second number selected is 0.457 which gives Column (C) 4 Row 54 Column 4 gives r = 0.223 NOTE: If more than one number is required, continue down the selected column to obtain the numbers. COPYRIGHT Accessed by TAFE QUEENSLAND INSTITUTES on 19 Dec 2007 AS 1289.1.4.11998
7、2 (b)Using a calculatorA random number shall be generated using a suitable calculator or computer by following the manufacturers instructions. Where a starting (seed) value is required, the value shall be varied between test areas or lots. 3.2Selection of test and sampling sitesThe procedure shall b
8、e as follows: (a)Determine and record the boundaries of the test area or stockpile to be assessed and any areas excluded within the boundaries. NOTE: Areas at the edges of construction or near a lateral construction joint may be excluded from the test area. (b)Establish the length of the test area (
9、L). (c)Determine the number of sites (N) to be tested or sampled. (d)For each test site to be tested or sampled (i)select a random number (rl) in accordance with Clause 3.1; (ii)multiply rlby L to obtain the longitudinal distance from the start chainage of the test area and mark the chainage of the
10、selected point; (iii)at the chainage selected in Step (ii) measure the width (Wn) of the test area or stockpile excluding distances from the edge of construction or stockpile; (iv)select a random number (rw) in accordance with Clause 3.1; (v)multiply rwby Wnto obtain the lateral distance from the da
11、tum edge of the test area or stockpile, and mark the lateral distance of the selected point; the same edge should be used as datum for measurement of the lateral distances for each site; (vi)note the intersection of the results of Step (ii) and Step (v), which defines the location of the test site;
12、(vii)if the vertical location of a test site or sampling location is required, determine the depth/height (Hn) of the test area at the location defined by Step (vi); (viii)select a random number (rh) in accordance with Clause 3.1; and (ix)multiply rhby Hnto obtain the height/depth from the datum lev
13、el of the test areaorstockpile.Recordtheheight/depthattheselectedlocation (see Step (vi). 3.3Sampling or testing by time, tonnage or volumeThe procedure shall be as follows: (a)Determine the total expected time, tonnage or volume of material for the current production cycle. (b)Determine the number
14、of samples (N) to be taken over the time or for the tonnage or volume, and establish the size of the time, tonnage or volume increments. Example: Take a production cycle where the total expected or known tonnage to be produced is 615 t, and 3 samples are to be taken. Three (3) random numbers are req
15、uired to identify the three sampling points within the 615 t. (c)Select N random numbers (rn) as described in Clause 3.1. (d)Multiply each random number (rn) by the total expected time, tonnage or volume to give the time, volume or tonnage at which the sample is to be taken. Samples shall be taken a
16、t the cumulative tonnage listed. COPYRIGHT Accessed by TAFE QUEENSLAND INSTITUTES on 19 Dec 2007 3AS 1289.1.4.11998 Example: Three random numbers are obtained, i.e. 0.486 0.927 0.666 The tonnage increments at which the samples are to be taken are as follows: 0.486 615 = 299 t 0.927 615 = 570 t 0.666
17、 615 = 410 t. 4RECORDS 4.1Test and sampling sitesThe following test records shall be maintained, as applicable: (a)The test area or stockpile bounds and any areas excluded from the test area. (b)The random numbers (r) obtained. (c)The number of sites (N). (d)The longitudinal and lateral location of
18、each test or sampling site. (e)If required, the vertical location of each test or sampling site. 4.2Time,tonnageorvolumeThefollowingrecordsshallbemaintained,as applicable: (a)The total time, volumes or tonnages to be produced. (b)The random numbers (r) selected. (c)The calculated times, volumes or t
19、onnages at which samples are to be taken. 5TEST REPORTThe following, as applicable, shall be reported for each test lot: (a)The test area bounds and any areas excluded. NOTE: A sketch or diagram may be included. (b)The longitudinal and lateral location and, if required, the vertical location of each
20、 test or sampling site. (c)The total time, volume or tonnage to be produced. (d)The times, tonnages and volume at which samples are to be taken. (e)The number of this Australian Standard, i.e AS 1289.1.4.1. COPYRIGHT Accessed by TAFE QUEENSLAND INSTITUTES on 19 Dec 2007 AS 1289.1.4.119984 TABLE1 TAB
21、LE OF RANDOM NUMBERS 0123456789 10.2720.5190.0980.4591.0000.5540.2500.2460.7360.432 20.9940.9780.6930.5930.6900.0280.8310.3190.0730.268 30.0390.4490.7370.5010.9600.2540.2390.4740.0310.720 40.1440.6950.3390.6210.1280.0320.4130.6170.7640.257 50.3120.1380.6700.8940.6820.0610.8320.7650.2260.745 60.8710.
22、8380.5950.5760.0960.5810.2450.7860.4120.867 70.7830.8740.7950.4300.2650.0590.2600.5630.6320.394 80.3580.4240.6840.0740.1090.3450.6180.1760.3520.748 90.4940.8390.3370.3250.6990.0830.0430.8090.9810.499 100.6420.5140.2970.8690.7440.8240.5240.6560.6080.408 110.4850.2400.2920.3350.0880.5890.1270.3960.401
23、0.407 120.7280.8190.5570.0500.1520.8160.4040.0790.7030.493 130.0290.2620.5580.1590.7670.1750.9790.5210.7810.843 140.9180.3480.3110.2320.7970.9210.9950.2250.3970.356 150.6410.0130.7800.4780.5290.5200.0930.4260.3230.504 160.2080.4680.0450.7980.0650.3150.3180.7420.5970.080 170.3460.4290.5370.4690.6970.
24、1240.5410.5250.2810.962 180.9000.2060.5390.0380.4800.2930.4480.0100.8360.233 190.2280.3690.5130.7620.9520.8560.5740.1580.6890.579 200.7460.1700.9740.3060.1450.1390.4170.1950.3380.901 210.3630.1030.9310.3890.1990.4880.9150.0670.8780.640 220.6630.9420.2780.7850.6380.0020.9890.4620.9270.186 230.5450.18
25、50.0540.1960.7170.2470.9130.9750.5550.559 240.3600.3490.5690.9100.4200.4920.9470.1150.8840.452 250.7890.8150.4640.4840.0200.0070.5470.9410.3650.261 260.2790.6090.0860.8520.8900.1080.0760.0890.6620.607 270.6800.2350.7060.8270.5720.7690.3100.0360.3290.477 280.0780.4440.1780.6510.4230.6720.5170.5600.65
26、70.972 290.6760.8300.5310.8880.3050.4210.3070.5020.1120.808 300.8610.8990.6430.7710.0370.2410.5820.5780.6340.077 310.1110.3640.9700.6690.5480.6870.6390.5100.1050.549 320.2890.8570.9480.9800.1320.0940.2980.8700.3090.441 330.9610.8930.3920.3770.8640.4720.0090.9460.7650.287 340.6370.9860.7530.5660.2130
27、.8070.0170.4600.5150.630 350.8340.1210.2550.4530.3760.5830.4220.3710.3990.366 360.2640.4900.4020.1510.0440.4360.7470.6940.1360.585 370.0380.8140.5940.9110.3240.3220.8950.4110.1600.367 380.3510.2830.0270.2200.6850.5270.9430.5560.8530.612 390.1430.3840.6450.4790.4890.0520.1870.9900.9120.750 400.5120.0
28、560.0180.1220.3030.8030.5830.7290.2050.925 410.2960.7050.1560.6160.5340.1680.5640.8660.7390.850 420.4510.5360.7680.5180.4810.8800.8350.7340.4270.847 430.8370.4050.5910.3700.1040.8480.0040.4140.3540.707 440.7240.1530.8410.8290.4700.3910.3880.1630.8170.790 450.6650.8250.6710.6230.7700.4000.0680.4400.0
29、190.944 460.5730.7160.2660.4560.4340.4670.6030.1690.7210.779 470.3320.7020.3000.5700.9450.9680.6460.0970.1180.242 480.7550.9510.9370.5500.8790.1620.7910.8100.6250.674 490.4390.4910.8550.4460.7730.5420.4160.3500.9570.419 500.7000.8770.4420.2860.5260.0710.1540.9880.3330.626 (continued) COPYRIGHT Acces
30、sed by TAFE QUEENSLAND INSTITUTES on 19 Dec 2007 5AS 1289.1.4.11998 TABLE1 (continued) 0123456789 510.5230.6130.7520.7330.5280.0720.8200.9290.7770.461 520.9050.1820.5670.2490.2270.2290.6040.3040.2170.142 530.3730.1200.6020.7930.6920.8630.9540.8730.1070.675 540.0570.9530.0410.0900.2230.5080.8060.4380
31、.2030.586 550.9670.0400.7080.2710.1890.3420.7400.8010.9850.263 560.9170.7150.7580.0050.6660.5990.9340.1000.9870.085 570.1310.6460.6590.0470.0510.5620.4350.7310.3620.317 580.3260.6050.4430.6010.3860.5600.3780.1720.4450.636 590.2990.1060.2370.7320.7960.4760.0990.8040.7350.950 600.1010.0550.7760.6860.1
32、710.5330.9360.0950.9820.211 610.2670.5980.7540.6580.2740.2150.1770.2180.3300.628 620.4710.1020.4540.5380.9630.3570.8820.5070.1570.580 630.5350.8810.0140.9660.9580.1900.1800.7590.4330.355 640.2770.4580.2950.1960.7720.1480.4660.2910.6880.046 650.7190.1670.1810.6530.3280.0700.0150.1550.6310.063 660.385
33、0.8580.7130.8830.9160.0840.5610.9990.3790.668 670.8620.9280.8220.8120.9770.3950.7880.9200.6730.698 680.4860.9380.7570.7490.9910.2190.2640.9320.8980.006 690.0910.8720.9590.9220.7270.8110.0750.3740.1330.730 700.1460.4820.9300.6110.1790.0110.2480.8860.3440.926 710.7090.1840.3900.4090.1910.1170.8600.135
34、0.4060.134 720.9960.8960.7600.3470.0530.3720.1930.7560.5650.914 730.9710.8590.1470.1140.4180.8890.7920.0640.6520.288 740.2020.5380.0260.9490.6960.0080.8460.2590.4150.425 750.2120.3210.7780.9400.4960.2310.6640.9030.4730.909 760.2070.7990.4870.0220.8130.8910.5000.3680.7250.437 770.8180.5030.9060.2240.
35、9040.8920.4550.3430.9240.197 780.7010.9840.1740.1410.7040.9080.0480.8280.9970.058 790.0350.3800.0010.3810.2510.4970.2140.7940.5520.588 800.2210.2000.5870.3530.5840.2700.8850.1100.9560.711 810.6470.4030.5300.7380.2800.4570.6500.2760.6610.973 820.6670.7220.3270.7230.4100.6350.0120.9070.3160.677 830.64
36、40.5900.0210.2690.0420.0620.3870.1830.9640.544 840.3020.1230.1160.2820.8510.2560.6480.8450.7820.993 850.6330.9330.3310.5460.8420.0160.2360.1640.9230.976 860.0600.6810.6830.7750.6240.9550.1260.6550.9190.113 870.1650.5320.4310.3410.0920.2440.2220.3360.0340.216 880.8750.6910.3830.3820.5960.3010.2750.18
37、80.8680.805 890.7260.9020.2520.1300.2380.3980.7630.4630.6150.140 900.2730.3930.2850.1610.6190.8650.5510.0300.5710.258 910.2830.8210.6000.0230.6060.8490.6100.5770.0820.774 920.3400.6540.1730.4950.4980.9920.1920.5060.7510.129 930.1940.2900.5920.9830.5090.9980.5220.6270.7410.540 940.1660.4500.2100.2040
38、.8400.8260.8330.5160.9650.375 950.7120.3140.0330.8230.6290.9390.8870.0660.7430.081 960.6220.8000.7100.5750.6780.4650.8020.9690.1500.784 970.3130.2940.8970.7180.6140.8760.0250.0490.6200.125 980.1370.0870.0030.4830.2010.2090.3200.9350.4470.787 990.2430.6790.8440.0690.0240.5430.7140.2340.5050.428 1000.
39、3610.3390.2300.7610.3340.1490.5110.4750.8540.119 COPYRIGHT Accessed by TAFE QUEENSLAND INSTITUTES on 19 Dec 2007 AS 1289.1.4.119986 NOTES Accessed by TAFE QUEENSLAND INSTITUTES on 19 Dec 2007 7AS 1289.1.4.11998 NOTES Accessed by TAFE QUEENSLAND INSTITUTES on 19 Dec 2007 AS 1289.1.4.119988 This Austr
40、alian Standard was prepared by Committee CE/9, Testing of Soils for Engineering Purposes. It was approved on behalf of the Council of Standards Australia on 2 January 1998 and published on 5 April 1998. The following interests are represented on Committee CE/9: Australian Geomechanics Society AUSTRO
41、ADS Crushed Stone Association of Australia Department of Industry, Sport and Tourism, Scientific Services Laboratory, AGAL Institution of Engineers, Australia National Association of Testing Authorities, Australia University of Sydney Review of Australian Standards.To keep abreast of progress in ind
42、ustry, Australian Standards are subject to periodic review and are kept up to date by the issue of amendments or new editions as necessary. It is important therefore that Standards users ensure that they are in possession of the latest edition, and any amendments thereto. Full details of all Austral
43、ian Standards and related publications will be found in the Standards Australia Catalogue of Publications; this information is supplemented each month by the magazine The Australian Standard, which subscribing members receive, and which gives details of new publications, new editions and amendments,
44、 and of withdrawn Standards. Suggestions for improvements to Australian Standards, addressed to the head office of Standards Australia, are welcomed. Notification of any inaccuracy or ambiguity found in an Australian Standard should be made without delay in order that the matter may be investigated
45、and appropriate action taken. First published as AS 1289.1.4.11998. This Standard was issued in draft form for comment as DR 96248. CopyrightSTANDARDS AUSTRALIA Users of Standards are reminded that copyright subsists in all Standards Australia publications and software. Except where the Copyright Ac
46、t allows and except where provided for below no publications or software produced by Standards Australia may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system in any form or transmitted by any means without prior permission in writing from Standards Australia. Permission may be conditional on an appropria
47、te royalty payment. Requests for permission and information on commercial software royalties should be directed to the head office of Standards Australia. Standards Australia will permit up to 10 percent of the technical content pages of a Standard to be copied for use exclusively in-house by purcha
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49、Care should be taken to ensure that material used is from the current edition of the Standard and that it is updated whenever the Standard is amended or revised. The number and date of the Standard should therefore be clearly identified. The use of material in print form or in computer software programs to be used commercially, with or without payment, or in commercial contracts is subject to the payment of a royalty. This policy may be varied by Standards Australia at any time. ISBN 0 7337 1956 2 Accessed by TAFE QUEENSLAND INSTITUTES on 19 Dec 2007 Thi s page has bee