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1、 ANSI/I3A IT4.101-2002 for Photography Processing Chemicals Specifications for Sulfuric Acid ANSI/I3A IT4.101-2002 Copyright American National Standards Institute Provided by IHS under license with ANSI Licensee=USN Ship Repair Facility Yokosuka/9961031100 Not for Resale, 05/09/2007 00:59:04 MDTNo r
2、eproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- Copyright American National Standards Institute Provided by IHS under license with ANSI Licensee=USN Ship Repair Facility Yokosuka/9961031100 Not for Resale, 05/09/2007 00:59:04 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without lice
3、nse from IHS -,-,- ANSI/I3A IT4.101-2002 Revision and redesignation of ANSI/NAPM IT4.101-1985 (R1995) American National Standard for Photography Processing Chemicals Specifications for Sulfuric Acid Secretariat International Imaging Industry Association, Inc. (I3A) Approved May 16, 2002 American Nat
4、ional Standards Institute, Inc. Copyright American National Standards Institute Provided by IHS under license with ANSI Licensee=USN Ship Repair Facility Yokosuka/9961031100 Not for Resale, 05/09/2007 00:59:04 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- Approval of an A
5、merican National Standard requires review by ANSI that the requirements for due process, consensus, and other criteria for approval have been met by the standards developer. Consensus is established when, in the judgement of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial agreement has been reached
6、by directly and materially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that a concerted effort be made towards their resolution. The use of American National Stand
7、ards is completely voluntary; their existence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he has approved the standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standards. The American National Standards Institute does
8、not develop standards and will in no circumstances give an interpretation of any American National Standard. Moreover, no person shall have the right or authority to issue an interpretation of an American National Standard in the name of the American National Standards Institute. Requests for interp
9、retations should be addressed to the secretariat or sponsor whose name appears on the title page of this standard. CAUTION NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute require that action be taken periodi
10、cally to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard. Purchasers of American National Standards may receive current information on all standards by calling or writing the American National Standards Institute. American National Standard Published by American National Standards Institute, Inc. 25 Wes
11、t 43rd Street, New York, NY 10036 Copyright 2002 by American National Standards Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without prior written permission of the publisher. Printed in the United Sta
12、tes of America Copyright American National Standards Institute Provided by IHS under license with ANSI Licensee=USN Ship Repair Facility Yokosuka/9961031100 Not for Resale, 05/09/2007 00:59:04 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- i Contents Page Forewordii 0Intro
13、duction.iii 1Scope . 1 2Normative references. 1 3General. 1 4Requirements. 1 5Reagents and glassware 2 6Sampling. 2 7Test methods 2 Table 1Summary of requirements 2 Copyright American National Standards Institute Provided by IHS under license with ANSI Licensee=USN Ship Repair Facility Yokosuka/9961
14、031100 Not for Resale, 05/09/2007 00:59:04 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ii Foreword(This foreword is not part of American National Standard ANSI/I3A IT4.101-2002.) This standard is one of a series of standards establishing criteria of purity for chemi- ca
15、ls used in processing photographic materials. In the current review process, this series of standards is being updated and revised in format. Many of the standards in this series, but not all, also exist as standards of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). The current updates an
16、d revisions are in accord with that done for the ISO standards. In an effort to promote the concept of international stan- dardization, references to ISO standards have been left in place. Suggestions for the improvement of this standard will be welcome. They should be sent to the International Imag
17、ing Industry Association, Inc. (I3A), 550 Mamaroneck Avenue, Suite 307, Harrison, NY 10528-1615, e-mail: i3astdsi3a.org. This standard was processed and approved for submittal to ANSI by I3A Technical Committee IT4 on Photographic Processing. Committee approval of the standard does not necessarily i
18、mply that all committee members voted for its approval. At the time it approved this edition of the standard, the IT4 Committee had the following members: Joseph M. Rao, Chairman John Gignac, Secretary Organization RepresentedName of Representative International Imaging Industry Association, Inc. (I
19、3A) Jan Carlock Linda Crosby Kunihiro Fujiwara Ronald A. Klein Laszlo Papai Anthony Jarkowsky General Chemical Corporation. Mark Dulik Photographic Society of America, Inc. . Grant Haist Photo Marketing Association International Herb Stein Individual Experts Peter Krause Norman Newman Joseph M. Rao
20、Subcommittee IT4-1 on Specifications for Photographic Chemicals, which was re- sponsible for this edition, had the following members: Joseph M. Rao, Chairman-protemJan Carlock Linda Crosby Mark Dulik Kunihiro Fujiwara Norman Newman Laszlo Papai Herb Stein Copyright American National Standards Instit
21、ute Provided by IHS under license with ANSI Licensee=USN Ship Repair Facility Yokosuka/9961031100 Not for Resale, 05/09/2007 00:59:04 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- iii 0 Introduction 0.1 This standard is one of a series that establishes criteria of purity
22、for chemicals used in processing photographic materials. General test methods and procedures cit- ed in this standard are compiled in Parts 1, 4, 5, and 6 of ISO 10349. This standard is intended for use by individuals with a working knowledge of analyti- cal techniques, which may not always be the c
23、ase. Some of the procedures utilize caustic, toxic, or otherwise hazardous chemicals. Safe laboratory practice for the handling of chemicals requires the use of safety glasses or goggles and other protec- tive apparel such as rubber gloves, face masks or aprons where appropriate. Normal precautions
24、required in the performance of any chemical procedure shall be exercised at all times, but care has been taken in this standard to provide warnings for hazardous materials. Hazard warnings designated by a letter enclosed in angle brackets, , are used as a reminder in those steps detailing handling o
25、perations and are defined in ISO 10349-1. More detailed information regarding hazards, han- dling, and use of these chemicals may be available from the manufacturer. 0.2 This standard provides chemical and physical requirements for the suitability of a photographic-grade chemical. The tests correlat
26、e with undesirable photographic ef- fects. Purity requirements are set as low as possible consistent with these photo- graphic effects. These criteria are considered the minimum requirements necessary to assure sufficient purity for use in photographic processing solutions, except that if the purity
27、 of a commonly available grade of chemical exceeds photographic process- ing requirements and if there is no economic penalty in its use, the purity require- ments have been set to take advantage of the availability of the higher quality material. Every effort has been made to keep the number of req
28、uirements to a minimum. Inert impurities are limited to amounts that will not unduly reduce the assay. All tests are performed on samples “as received“ to reflect the condition of materials furnished for use. Although the ultimate criterion for suitability of such a chemical is its successful perfor
29、mance in an appropriate use test, the shorter, more economical test methods described in this standard are generally adequate. Assay procedures have been included in all cases where a satisfactory method is available. An effective assay requirement serves not only as a safeguard of chemical purity,
30、but also as a valuable complement to the identity test. Identity tests have been included whenever a possibility exists that another chemical or mixture of chemicals could pass the other tests. All requirements listed in clause 4 are mandatory. The physical appearance of the material and any footnot
31、es are for general information only and are not part of the re- quirements. 0.3 Efforts have been made to employ tests that are capable of being run in any nor- mally equipped laboratory and, wherever possible, to avoid tests that require highly specialized equipment or techniques. Instrumental meth
32、ods have been specified only as alternative methods or alone in those cases where no other satisfactory method is available. Over the past few years, great improvements have been made in instrumentation for various analyses. Where such techniques have equivalent or greater precision, they may be use
33、d in place of the tests described in this standard. Correlation of such alter- native procedures with the given method is the responsibility of the user. In case of disagreement in results, the method called for in the specification shall prevail. Where a requirement states “to pass test“, however,
34、alternative methods shall not be used. Copyright American National Standards Institute Provided by IHS under license with ANSI Licensee=USN Ship Repair Facility Yokosuka/9961031100 Not for Resale, 05/09/2007 00:59:04 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- Copyright
35、 American National Standards Institute Provided by IHS under license with ANSI Licensee=USN Ship Repair Facility Yokosuka/9961031100 Not for Resale, 05/09/2007 00:59:04 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ANSI/I3A IT4.101-2002 1 Americ
36、an National Standard for Photography Processing Chemicals Specifications for Sulfuric Acid 1 Scope This standard establishes criteria for the purity of photographic-grade sulfuric acid (DANGER:)1) and specifies the tests to be used to determine the purity. 2 Normative references The following standa
37、rds contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility o
38、f applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid standards. ISO 10349-1:1992, Photography Photographic-grade chemicals Test methods Part 1: General. IS0 10349-4:1992 (R1999), Photography Photographic-grade chemicals Te
39、st methods Part 4: Determination of residue after ignition. ISO 10349-5:1992 (R1999), Photography Photographic-grade chemicals Test methods Part 5: Determination of heavy metals and iron content. ISO 10349-6:1992 (R1999), Photography Photographic-grade chemicals Test methods Part 6: Determination of
40、 halide content. 3 General 3.1 Physical properties Sulfuric acid, H2SO4, is a viscous oily liquid. It has a relative molecular mass of 98.08. 3.2 Hazardous properties Sulfuric acid causes severe skin burns on contact. Refer to the manufacturer for additional information. 3.3 Storage Sulfuric acid sh
41、all be stored away from combustible materials. 4 Requirements A summary of the requirements is shown in Table 1. _ _ _ _ _ _ 1) Hazard warning codes are defined in ISO 10349-1, clause 4. Copyright American National Standards Institute Provided by IHS under license with ANSI Licensee=USN Ship Repair
42、Facility Yokosuka/9961031100 Not for Resale, 05/09/2007 00:59:04 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ANSI/I3A IT4.101-2002 2 Table 1 - Summary of requirements Test Limit Subclause Standard in which test method is given Assay Minimum: 93.0% Maximum: 98.0% 7.1 ANS
43、I/I3A IT4.101 Mass fraction of residue after ignition Maximum: 0.01% 7.2 ISO 10349-4 Mass fraction of heavy metals (as Pb) Maximum: 0.005% 7.3 ISO 10349-5 Mass fraction of iron (Fe) Maximum: 0.005% 7.4 ISO 10349-5 Mass fraction of halides (as Cl-) Maximum: 0.001% 7.5 ISO 10349-6 Substances reducing
44、permanganate To pass test 7.6 ANSI/I3A IT4.101 Appearance of solution To pass test 7.7 ANSI/I3A IT4.101 5 Reagents and glassware All reagents, materials, and glassware shall conform with the requirements specified in ISO 10349-1 unless otherwise noted. The hazard warning symbols, used as a reminder
45、in those steps detailing handling operations, are defined in ISO 10349-1. These symbols are used to provide information to the user and are not meant to provide conformance with hazardous labeling requirements, as these vary from country to country. 6 Sampling See ISO 10349-1. 7 Test methods 7.1 Ass
46、ay 7.1.1 Specification The minimum mass fraction of sulfuric acid shall be 93.0%; the maximum mass fraction shall be 98.0%. 7.1.2 Reagents 7.1.2.1 Methanol, CH3OH 7.1.2.2 Phenolphthalein indicator, 1% alcoholic solution Dissolve 1 g of phenolphthalein in 100 ml of methanol (7.1.2.1). Filter if neces
47、sary. 7.1.2.3 Sodium hydroxide, NaOH, (DANGER: ), standard volumetric solution of 1 mol/l (40 g/l).2), 3) _ _ _ _ _ _ 2) Commercially available analyzed reagent solutions are recommended. If solutions are to be prepared, see any quantitative chemistry text. 3) This solution can be prepared from soli
48、d sodium hydroxide (DANGER: ). Copyright American National Standards Institute Provided by IHS under license with ANSI Licensee=USN Ship Repair Facility Yokosuka/9961031100 Not for Resale, 05/09/2007 00:59:04 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ANSI/I3A IT4.101-2002 3 7.1.3 Procedure Transfer about 30 ml of water to a glass-stoppered flask and weigh to the nearest 0.1 mg. Add about 1 m