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1、ANSI/AGMA6008-A98 ANSI/AGMA 6008-A98 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Specifications for Powder Metallurgy Gears Copyright American Gear Manufacturers Association Provided by IHS under license with AGMA Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 04/18/2007 10:46:08 MDTNo reproduc
2、tion or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ii Specifications for Powder Metallurgy Gears ANSI/AGMA 6008-A98 ApprovalofanAmericanNationalStandardrequiresverificationbyANSIthattherequire- ments for due process, consensus and other criteria for approval have been met by the standards d
3、eveloper. Consensusis establishedwhen,inthejudgmentoftheANSIBoardofStandardsReview, substantial agreement has been reached by directly and materially affected interests. Substantialagreementmeansmuchmorethanasimplemajority,butnotnecessarilyuna- nimity.Consensus requires that all views and objections
4、 be considered, and that a concerted effort be made toward their resolution. TheuseofAmericanNationalStandardsiscompletelyvoluntary;theirexistencedoesnot in any respect preclude anyone, whether he has approved the standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing or using products, process
5、es or procedures not conforming to the standards. The American National Standards Institute does not develop standards and will in no circumstances give an interpretation of any American National Standard. Moreover, no person shall have the right or authority to issue an interpretation of an America
6、n National StandardinthenameoftheAmericanNationalStandardsInstitute. Requestsforinterpre- tation of this standard should be addressed to the American Gear Manufacturers Association. CAUTION NOTICE: AGMA technical publications are subject to constant improvement, revision or withdrawal as dictated by
7、 experience. Any person who refers to any AGMA technical publication should be sure that the publication is the latest available from the Association on the subject matter. Tables or other self-supporting sections may be quoted or extracted. Credit lines should read:Extracted from ANSI/AGMA 6008-A98
8、, Specifications for Powder Metallurgy Gears, with the permission of the publisher, the American Gear Manufacturers Association, 1500 King Street, Suite 201, Alexandria, Virginia 22314. Approved September 10, 1998 ABSTRACT Thisstandarddefinestheminimumdetailedinformationtobeincludedinthepowdermetall
9、urgygearspecifica- tionssubmittedbythegearpurchasertothegearproducer. Thisinformationcoversgeartoothgeometrydata, gear drawing specifications and gear material specifications. Published by American Gear Manufacturers Association 1500 King Street, Suite 201, Alexandria, Virginia 22314 Copyright 1998
10、by American Gear Manufacturers Association Reprinted June 1999 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without prior written permission of the publisher. Printed in the United States of America ISBN: 1-55589-713-
11、4 American National Standard Copyright American Gear Manufacturers Association Provided by IHS under license with AGMA Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 04/18/2007 10:46:08 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ANSI/AGMA 6008- -A
12、98AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD iii Contents Page 1Scope1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Normative references1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3T
13、erms and definitions1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Gear tooth geometry data2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Gear drawing specifications12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
14、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Gear material specifications14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tables 1Basic data3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
15、Inspection data (for use with composite action testing)4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Inspection data (for use with element measurements)8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Calculation and process test data11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16、 5Reference data12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Figures 1a Generated tooth outline3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1b Circular-arc fillet forms3. . . . . . . . .
17、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1c P/M fillet form4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2a P/M bevel gear5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2b P/M alternative designs6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Example of format for spur gears (with composite tolerances)7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Example of format for spur gears (with element toleranc
19、es)9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Example of format for helical gears (with composite tolerances)10. . . . . . . . . . . 6Example of format for straight bevel gears (with composite tolerances)11. . . . . 7Types of burr related specifications13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20、. . . . . . . . . 8Burr traps: chamfer or boss14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bibliography19. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Copyright American Gear Manufacturers
21、Association Provided by IHS under license with AGMA Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 04/18/2007 10:46:08 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ANSI/AGMA 6008- -A98AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD iv Foreword The foreword, footnotes an
22、d annexes, if any, in this document are provided for informationalpurposesonlyandarenottobeconstruedasapartofANSI/AGMAStandard 6008-A98, Specifications for Powder Metallurgy Gears. TheAGMAPowderMetallurgyGearingCommitteewasorganizedin1993withthesupport of the Metal Powder Industries Federation (MPIF
23、). The work of the Committee is directed towardmergingthetechnologyofpowdermetallurgy(P/M)gearingwiththetechnologiesof the more traditional types of gearing. The Committee, responding to the widely recognized need for improving the technical communicationbetweenpowdermetallurgygearpurchasersandprodu
24、cers,selectedasits firstprojectthisspecificationstandard. Theprimaryobjectiveofthisstandardistoincrease understanding by the gear purchaser of the responsibility to thoroughly define the gear requirements to the gear producer. ThisversionwasapprovedbytheAGMAmembershipinNovember1997. Itwasapproved as
25、 an American National Standard on September 10, 1998. Suggestions for improvement of this standard will be welcome. They should be sent to the American Gear Manufacturers Association, 1500 King Street, Suite 201, Alexandria, Virginia 22314. Copyright American Gear Manufacturers Association Provided
26、by IHS under license with AGMA Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 04/18/2007 10:46:08 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ANSI/AGMA 6008- -A98AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD v PERSONNEL of the AGMA Powder Metallurgy Committee Chairma
27、n: Irving LaskinConsultant. . . . . . . . . . . . . Vice Chairman: Glen A. MooreBurgess-Norton Manufacturing Company. . . . . . . ACTIVE MEMBERS T. AllenCloyes Gear -inspection data; -calculation and process test data; -reference data. 4.1 Basic data Thesedatadescribethegearingeneralterms. They incl
28、udeitemsthatapplytogeneratingandinspection tooling and therefore only indirectly describe the gear itself. None of the items are accompanied by tolerances.Any permitted variations from the described geometry are expressed by separate items elsewhere in the format. The basic data for the three types
29、of gears covered by this standard are listed in table 1. Examples, as part of complete formats, can be seen in figures 3 through 6. 4.1.1 Tooth form This specification is included in the basic data when the tooth outline, especially in the fillet area, is to be Copyright American Gear Manufacturers
30、Association Provided by IHS under license with AGMA Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 04/18/2007 10:46:08 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ANSI/AGMA 6008- -A98AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD 3 definedasifanimaginarygeneratingtool
31、wereused to create the outline, see figure 1a. The tooth form specification identifies the outline of this imaginary tool. There is an increasing variety of tooth forms in common use, originating not only from past and present AGMA standards, but also from internation- al and foreign standards or fr
32、om original designs. The tooth form data item generally consists of a reference to a standard or to a supplementary detail drawing. OnP/Mgears,thetoothoutline,includingthefillet,is sometimesfullydefinedbyotherdata,seefigure1b. In that case, the tooth form specification may be omitted. 4.1.2 Bevel ge
33、ars Figures2aand2bshowatypicalP/Mbevelgearand howits outlinediffers fromthatofatypicalmachined bevel gear. This figure also illustrates some of the bevel gear basic data. Generating tool Tooth outline Figure 1a - - Generated tooth outline Base circleBase circle Full fillet radiusR.XXX Figure 1b - -
34、Circular- -arc fillet forms Table 1 - - Basic data Specification Type of gear Specification SpurHelicalStraight bevel Number of teeth Module (diametral pitch) Normalmodule(normaldiametralpitch) Pressure angle Normal pressure angle Helix angle Hand of helix Pitch angle Face angle 2) Root angle 2) Bac
35、k angle 2), 3) Tooth form X X X X4) X X X X1) X X4) X X X X X X X X NOTES: 1) Value of helix angle, when calculated from other data specifications, may be approximate due to rounding. 2) These data items may be shown instead on an outline drawing of the gear blank. 3) The outer form of P/M gears is
36、generally cylindrical, in which case the back angle is zero degrees and this specification item may be omitted, see figure 2a. 4) Tooth form may be omitted when the tooth outline is fully defined by other data, see 4.1.1. Copyright American Gear Manufacturers Association Provided by IHS under licens
37、e with AGMA Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 04/18/2007 10:46:08 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ANSI/AGMA 6008- -A98AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD 4 Base circleBase circle R.XXX Radial flank Radial flank Full fillet radius Fi
38、gure 1c - - P/M fillet form 4.2 Inspection data These items consist of dimensions with tolerances and serve as the basis for defining the quality of the gear. Included are indicators of gear tooth shape and size as well as certain other tooth outline features. If any of theinspection items are based
39、on the use of a master gear or other inspection gage, reference to the gage is included. NOTE: Some of the data items are used only during a first-piece or tool approval inspection, while others are used also in each periodic process control inspection. Any inspection data items which areto beevalua
40、ted with special statistical requirements should be identified as part of the gear specifications. 4.2.1 Gear tooth shape accuracy 4.2.1.1 Spur and helical gears AGMA recognizes two independent sets of controls on shape accuracy, with the condition that only one can be used in any set of gear specif
41、ications. See ANSI/AGMA 2000-A88. Thesimplest,mosteconomicalandmostcommonly used set of shape controls is based on a composite action test in which measurements are made while the test gear is rotated in tight mesh with a master gear. Table2liststheinspectiondatawhenthistype ofmeasurementistobeused.
42、 Figures3and5show examples of this data. Table 2 - - Inspection data (for use with composite action testing) SpecificationSpur (external)Helical (external)Straight bevel1) Outside diameter Root diameter Tip radius Fillet form4) Master gear (spec. or data) Pitch apex to back Total composite tolerance
43、 Tooth-to-tooth composite tolerance Test radius X2) X3) X2) X X X X X2) X2) X3) X2) X X X X2) X2) X2) X X X5) X5) NOTES: 1) Additional items of inspection data may be shown on the outline drawing of the gear blank. 2) Specified with upper and lower limits or as a nominal value with + and - tolerance
44、. 3) May be specified as in note 2, but is often specified as a maximum without a lower limit. 4) Specificationisneededwhenfillet formisestablishedindependentlyofanygearcuttingtoolgeneratingaction,see 4.2.3.2. When the form consists of a single circular arc, the specification will call for the radiu
45、s with maximum and minimum limits. A more complex form will require a detailed drawing. 5) According to AGMA 390.03a to be used for fine-pitch bevel gears only. Copyright American Gear Manufacturers Association Provided by IHS under license with AGMA Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Ber
46、nie Not for Resale, 04/18/2007 10:46:08 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ANSI/AGMA 6008- -A98AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD 5 Pitch apex to back Face apex to back Outside diameter Pitch diameter Root diameter Pitch angle Root angle Face angle (parallel to root of
47、 mating gear) Crown point Pitch apex to crown Pitch and root apex Face width Cone distance NOTE:Dashed lines indicate a typical cut bevel gear. Solid lines indicate a typical P/M gear. Crown to back Face apex Addendum Whole depth Fillet radius below active profile Full fillet (optional) below active
48、 profile Heel area Alternate detail at heelAlternate detail at toe Back surface Toe area Dedendum Back angle (on cut gear) Figure 2a - - P/M bevel gear Copyright American Gear Manufacturers Association Provided by IHS under license with AGMA Licensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 04/18/2007 10:46:08 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- ANSI/AGMA 6008- -A98AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD 6 Optional tooth densifier Figure 2b - - P/M alternative designs Another