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1、 AS/NZS 1170.1:2002 (Including Amendment No. 1) Australian/New Zealand Standard Structural design actions Part 1: Permanent, imposed and other actions AS/NZS 1170.1:2002 Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 29 Jan 2008 AS/NZS 1170.1:2002 This Joint Australian/New Zealand Standard was prepare
2、d by Joint Technical Committee BD-006, General Design Requirements and Loading on Structures. It was approved on behalf of the Council of Standards Australia on 29 March 2002 and on behalf of the Council of Standards New Zealand on 28 March 2002. This Standard was published on 4 June 2002. The follo
3、wing are represented on Committee BD-006: Association of Consulting Engineers Australia Australian Building Codes Board Australian Institute of Steel Construction Building Research Association of New Zealand Cement and Concrete Association of Australia CSIRO, Building, Construction and Engineering C
4、yclone Testing StationJames Cook University Electricity Supply Association of Australia Housing Industry Association Institution of Engineers Australia Institution of Professional Engineers New Zealand Master Builders Australia New Zealand Heavy Engineering Research Association Steel Reinforcement I
5、nstitute of Australia University of Newcastle University of Auckland (New Zealand) University of Canterbury, New Zealand University of Melbourne Keeping Standards up-to-date Standards are living documents which reflect progress in science, technology and systems. To maintain their currency, all Stan
6、dards are periodically reviewed, and new editions are published. Between editions, amendments may be issued. Standards may also be withdrawn. It is important that readers assure themselves they are using a current Standard, which should include any amendments which may have been published since the
7、Standard was purchased. Detailed information about joint Australian/New Zealand Standards can be found by visiting the Standards Web Shop at .au or Standards New Zealand web site at www.standards.co.nz and looking up the relevant Standard in the on-line catalogue. Alternatively, both organizations p
8、ublish an annual printed Catalogue with full details of all current Standards. For more frequent listings or notification of revisions, amendments and withdrawals, Standards Australia and Standards New Zealand offer a number of update options. For information about these services, users should conta
9、ct their respective national Standards organization. We also welcome suggestions for improvement in our Standards, and especially encourage readers to notify us immediately of any apparent inaccuracies or ambiguities. Please address your comments to the Chief Executive of either Standards Australia
10、or Standards New Zealand at the address shown on the back cover. This Standard was issued in draft form for comment as DR 99310. Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 29 Jan 2008 AS/NZS 1170.1:2002 (Including Amendment No. 1) Australian/New Zealand Standard Structural design actions Part 1: P
11、ermanent, imposed and other actions COPYRIGHT Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand All rights are reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or copied in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, without the written permission of the publisher. Jointly pu
12、blished by Standards Australia, GPO Box 476, Sydney, NSW 2001 and Standards New Zealand, Private Bag 2439, Wellington 6020 ISBN 0 7337 4471 0 Originated in Australia as part of AS CA11933. Originated in New Zealand as part of NZS 1900:1964. Previous Australian editions AS 1170.11989 and AS 28671986.
13、 Previous New Zealand edition NZS 4203:1992. AS 1170.11989, AS 28671986 and NZS 4203:1992 jointly revised, amalgamated and redesignated in part as AS/NZS 1170.1:2002. Reissued with Amendment No. 1 attached (April 2005). Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 29 Jan 2008 AS/NZS 1170.1:2002 2 PR
14、EFACE This Standard was prepared by the Joint Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand Committee BD-006, General Design Requirements and Loading on Structures, to supersede, in part, AS 1170.11989, Minimum design loads on structures, Part 1: Dead and live loads, and in part NZS 4203:1992, Code of p
15、ractice for general structural design and design loadings for buildings and, in part, AS 28671986, Farm structuresGeneral requirements for structural design. This edition of the Standard includes Amendment No. 1 which is attached at the end of the document. In order to avoid confusion, the Amendment
16、 has not yet been incorporated into the clauses of the Standard because, at the time of publication of the Amendment, they had not yet been referenced by the BCA. This Standard is published as a joint Standard (as are also AS/NZS 1170.0 and AS/NZS 1170.2) and it is intended that it is suitable for u
17、se in New Zealand as well as in Australia. However, NZS 4203, General structural design and design loadings for buildings remains current in New Zealand until the publication of all parts (including Part 4: Earthquake action) and for a transition period afterwards. This Standard will be referenced i
18、n the Building Code of Australia by way of BCA Amendment 11 to be Published on 1 July 2002, thereby superseding the previous edition, AS 1170.11989, which will be withdrawn 12 months from the date of publication of this Edition. The objective of this Standard is to provide designers of structures wi
19、th values representing the permanent actions, likely actions imposed due to use and occupancy, and other actions appropriate to the type of structure for use in structural design. This Standard is Part 1 of the AS/NZS 1170 series Structural design actions, which comprises the following parts, each o
20、f which have an accompanying Commentary published as a Supplement: AS/NZS 1170.0 Part 0: General principles. 1170.1 Part 1: Permanent, imposed and other actions. 1170.2 Part 2: Wind action. 1170.3 Part 3: Snow action. 1170.4 Part 4: Earthquake action. The Commentary to this Standard is AS/NZS 1170.1
21、 Supp 1, Structural design actions Permanent, imposed and other actionsCommentary (Supplement to AS/NZS 1170.1). This Standard is not equivalent to ISO 9194:1987, Bases for design of structuresActions due to the self-weight of structures, non-structural elements and stored materialsDensity. However,
22、 it does conform to that Standard (which states Each country in its relevant standards should use its traditional values which are in the indicated range). Extracts from the data given in ISO 9194 are provided in the Commentary to this Standard. This Standard is not equivalent to ISO 2103:1986, Load
23、s due to use and occupancy in residential and public buildings or to ISO 2633:1974, Determination of imposed floor loads in production buildings and warehouses. The philosophy of imposed actions in this Standard is based on ISO 2103 and ISO 2633. ISO 2103 states that the values it gives are the lowe
24、st values given in the National Standards that were considered. It is not used in Europe or North America. This Standard gives values that are either equivalent to or greater than those in ISO 2103. This Standard does conform to ISO 2633 for all values except for the distributed load for parking, wh
25、ich is given as 3.0 kPa in ISO 2633. This higher value is not used in Europe or North America. Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 29 Jan 2008 3 AS/NZS 1170.1:2002 This edition incorporates the following principal changes from the previous edition: (a) Dead and live loads for Australia and
26、New Zealand have been included. (b) Load combinations and other general reliability clauses have been removed to the new Standard AS/NZS 1170.0, General principles. (c) The information on movement effects has been included in AS/NZS 1170.0 Supp 1, Commentary on General principles. (d) Permanent and
27、imposed loads from AS 2867, Farm structuresGeneral requirements for structural design, have been included. (e) The provision for occasional loading of 4.5 kN for roof trusses or roof structures in industrial or commercial buildings has been deleted. The term normative has been used in this Standard
28、to define the application of the appendix to which it applies. A normative appendix is an integral part of a Standard. Statements expressed in mandatory terms in notes to tables are deemed to be an integral part of this Standard. Notes to the text contain information and guidance and are not conside
29、red to be an integral part of the Standard. Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 29 Jan 2008 AS/NZS 1170.1:2002 4 CONTENTS Page SECTION 1 SCOPE AND GENERAL 1.1 SCOPE 5 1.2 APPLICATION.5 1.3 DETERMINATION OF DESIGN ACTIONS .5 1.4 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS 5 1.5 DEFINITIONS 6 1.6 NOTATION 6 SECTION
30、 2 PERMANENT ACTIONS 2.1 GENERAL 7 2.2 CALCULATION OF SELF-WEIGHT 7 2.3 PROVISION FOR PARTITIONS7 2.4 REMOVABLE ITEMS7 SECTION 3 IMPOSED ACTIONS 3.1 GENERAL 8 3.2 CONCENTRATED ACTIONS8 3.3 PARTIAL LOAD 8 3.4 FLOORS8 3.5 ROOF AND SUPPORTING ELEMENTS. 12 3.6 BARRIERS 13 3.7 ACTIONS FROM INSTALLED CRAN
31、ES, HOISTS, LIFTS AND MACHINERY . 15 3.8 CAR PARKS. 16 3.9 GRANDSTANDS 17 SECTION 4 LIQUID PRESSURE, GROUND WATER, RAINWATER PONDING AND EARTH PRESSURE 4.1 GENERAL 18 4.2 LIQUID PRESSURE. 18 4.3 GROUND WATER. 18 4.4 RAINWATER PONDING. 18 4.5 EARTH PRESSURE . 18 APPENDICES A UNIT WEIGHTS OF MATERIALS
32、 19 B OTHER IMPOSED ACTIONS 22 Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 29 Jan 2008 5 AS/NZS 1170.1:2002 COPYRIGHT STANDARDS AUSTRALIA/STANDARDS NEW ZEALAND Australian/New Zealand Standard Structural design actions Part 1: Permanent, imposed and other actions S E C T I O N 1 S C O P E A N D G E
33、N E R A L 1.1 SCOPE This Standard specifies permanent, imposed, liquid pressure, ground water, rainwater ponding and earth pressure actions to be used in the limit state design of structures and parts of structures. 1.2 APPLICATION This Standard shall be read in conjunction with AS/NZS 1170.0. This
34、Standard may be used as a means for demonstrating compliance with the Requirements of Part B1 of the Building Code of Australia. 1.3 DETERMINATION OF DESIGN ACTIONS For the actions covered by this Standard, values for use in design shall be appropriate for the type of structure or structural element
35、, its intended use and exposure to such actions. The determination of values in accordance with Sections 2 to 4 shall be deemed to satisfy this Clause. 1.4 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS The following documents are referred to in this Standard: AS 1418 Cranes, hoists and winches (all parts) 1657 Fixed platfor
36、ms, walkways, stairways and laddersDesign, construction and installation 1720 Timber structures 1720.2 Part 2: Timber properties 1735 Lifts, escalators and moving walks (all parts) 2156 Walking tracks 2156.1 Part 1: Classification and signage AS/NZS 1170 Structural design actions 1170.0 Part 0: Gene
37、ral principles 1170.2 Part 2: Wind actions NZS 4332 Non-domestic passenger lifts and goods lifts Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 29 Jan 2008 AS/NZS 1170.1:2002 6 COPYRIGHT Australian Building Codes Board Building Code of Australia 1.5 DEFINITIONS For the purpose of this Standard, the de
38、finitions given in AS/NZS 1170.0 and those below apply. 1.5.1 Imposed action A variable action resulting from the intended use or occupancy of the structure. 1.5.2 Load The value of a force appropriate to an action. 1.5.3 Permanent action Action that is likely to act continuously throughout the desi
39、gn working life and for which variations in magnitude with time are small compared with the mean value. 1.5.4 Design working life Assumed period for which a structure or a structural element is to be used for its intended purpose without major repair being necessary. 1.5.5 Tributary area The area as
40、sumed to be supported by a structural element. 1.5.6 Variable action Action for which the variation in magnitude with time is neither negligible in relation to the mean value nor monotonic. 1.6 NOTATION Unless otherwise stated, the notation used in this Standard has the following meaning: A = tribut
41、ary area supported by a structural element Fe,u = earth pressure action Fgw = ground water action Flp = liquid pressure action Fpnd = ponding action G = permanent action Q = imposed action a = factor for reduction of imposed floor loads due to area l = factor for determining quasi-permanent values (
42、long-term) of actions (see AS/NZS 1170.0) Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 29 Jan 2008 7 AS/NZS 1170.1:2002 COPYRIGHT S E C T I O N 2 P E R M A N E N T A C T I O N S 2.1 GENERAL This Section gives permanent actions (G) for use in designing structures. Permanent actions shall be taken to
43、include the self-weight of the following: (a) The structure. (b) All other materials incorporated into the structure. NOTE: This includes walls, floors, roofs, suspended ceilings and other permanent construction, as appropriate. (c) Permanent equipment including fixtures and fittings. NOTE: This inc
44、ludes permanently fixed wiring, reticulated services and other permanent equipment as appropriate. (d) Partitions as given in Clause 2.3. (e) Stored materials where the resultant actions are consistent with the definition for permanent action. 2.2 CALCULATION OF SELF-WEIGHT The self-weight of a mate
45、rial shall be calculated from the design dimensions or known dimensions and the unit weight as given in Appendix A. NOTE: Further information on unit weights of materials is given in AS/NZS 1170.1 Supp 1, Structural design actionsPermanent, imposed and other actionsCommentary (Supplement to AS/NZS 1
46、170.1:2002). 2.3 PROVISION FOR PARTITIONS The self-weight of permanent partitions shall be calculated for their actual layout. Structures for which provision is to be made for movable partitions shall be designed for the anticipated weight of the partitions placed in any probable positions but not l
47、ess than a uniformly distributed permanent load of 0.5 kPa over the area being considered. 2.4 REMOVABLE ITEMS Consideration shall be given to the actions resulting from the effect of removing those permanent items that are not essential parts of the structure, such as tanks or their contents, store
48、d materials as defined in Clause 2.1(e), service equipment, partitions and similar. Accessed by UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on 29 Jan 2008 AS/NZS 1170.1:2002 8 COPYRIGHT S E C T I O N 3 I M P O S E D A C T I O N S 3.1 GENERAL This Section gives imposed actions (Q) for use in designing structures.
49、The values of imposed actions provided in this Section are appropriate for use with all of the annual probabilities of exceedance defined in AS/NZS 1170.0. Actions resulting from construction are not covered in this Standard. The imposed actions shall be not less than the greater of the following: (a) The actions resulting from the intended use of the structure. (b) The imposed actions given in this Section. NOTE: The imposed actions given in this Section include sufficient allowance for the effects of vertical impact