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1、AS/NZS 4673:2001 Australian/New Zealand Standard Cold-formed stainless steel structures AS/NZS 4673 AS/NZS 4673:2001 This Joint Australian/New Zealand Standard was prepared by Joint Technical Committee BD-086, Stainless Steel Structures. It was approved on behalf of the Council of Standards Australi
2、a on 22 June 2001 and on behalf of the Council of Standards New Zealand on 24 August 2001. It was published on 9 November 2001. The following interests are represented on Committee BD-086: Association of Consulting Engineers Australia Australasian Railway Association Australian Industry Group Austra
3、lian Stainless Steel Development Association Bureau of Steel Manufacturers of Australia Institution of Engineers Australia New Zealand Stainless Steel Development Association The University of Sydney Welding Technology Institute of Australia Keeping Standards up-to-date Standards are living document
4、s which reflect progress in science, technology and systems. To maintain their currency, all Standards are periodically reviewed, and new editions are published. Between editions, amendments may be issued. Standards may also be withdrawn. It is important that readers assure themselves they are using
5、 a current Standard, which should include any amendments which may have been published since the Standard was purchased. Detailed information about joint Australian/New Zealand Standards can be found by visiting the Standards Australia web site at .au or Standards New Zealand web site at www.standar
6、ds.co.nz and looking up the relevant Standard in the on-line catalogue. Alternatively, both organizations publish an annual printed Catalogue with full details of all current Standards. For more frequent listings or notification of revisions, amendments and withdrawals, Standards Australia and Stand
7、ards New Zealand offer a number of update options. For information about these services, users should contact their respective national Standards organization. We also welcome suggestions for improvement in our Standards, and especially encourage readers to notify us immediately of any apparent inac
8、curacies or ambiguities. Please address your comments to the Chief Executive of either Standards Australia International or Standards New Zealand at the address shown on the back cover. This Standard was issued in draft form for comment as DR 00011. AS/NZS 4673:2001 Australian/New Zealand Standard C
9、old-formed stainless steel structures First published as AS/NZS 4673:2001. COPYRIGHT Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand All rights are reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or copied in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, without the written
10、permission of the publisher. Jointly published by Standards Australia International Ltd, GPO Box 5420, Sydney, NSW 2001 and Standards New Zealand, Private Bag 2439, Wellington 6020 ISBN 0 7337 3979 2 AS/NZS 4673:20012 PREFACE This Standard was prepared by the Joint Standards Australia/Standards New
11、Zealand Committee BD-086, Stainless Steel Structures. The objective of this Standard is to provide designers of stainless steel structures with specifications for cold-formed stainless steel structural members used for load-carrying purposes in buildings and other structures. Sections 1, 2, 3, 4 and
12、 5 of this Standard are based on ANSI/ASCE-8-90 Specification for the Design of Cold-formed Stainless Steel Structural Members. Section 6 is based on AS/NZS 4600 and AS/NZS 1664.1. Statements expressed in mandatory terms in notes to tables are deemed to be requirements of this Standard. The terms no
13、rmative and informative have been used in this Standard to define the application of the appendix to which they apply. A normative appendix is an integral part of a Standard, whereas an informative appendix is only for information and guidance. AS/NZS 4673:20013 CONTENTS Page SECTION 1SCOPE AND GENE
14、RAL 1.1SCOPE.5 1.2REFERENCED DOCUMENTS.5 1.3DEFINITIONS.5 1.4NOTATION.11 1.5MATERIALS.19 1.6DESIGN REQUIREMENTS22 1.7NON-CONFORMING SHAPES AND CONSTRUCTION .24 SECTION 2ELEMENTS 2.1SECTION PROPERTIES 25 2.2EFFECTIVE WIDTHS OF STIFFENED ELEMENTS27 2.3EFFECTIVE WIDTHS OF UNSTIFFENED ELEMENTS31 2.4EFFE
15、CTIVE WIDTHS OF UNIFORMLY COMPRESSED ELEMENTS WITH AN EDGE STIFFENER OR ONE INTERMEDIATE STIFFENER32 2.5EFFECTIVE WIDTHS OF EDGE-STIFFENED ELEMENTS WITH ONE OR MORE INTERMEDIATE STIFFENERS, OR STIFFENED ELEMENTS WITH MORE THAN ONE INTERMEDIATE STIFFENER.37 2.6STIFFENERS38 SECTION 3MEMBERS 3.1GENERAL
16、.41 3.2MEMBERS SUBJECT TO TENSION.41 3.3MEMBERS SUBJECT TO BENDING41 3.4CONCENTRICALLY LOADED COMPRESSION MEMBERS.50 3.5COMBINED AXIAL COMPRESSIVE LOAD AND BENDING53 3.6TUBULAR MEMBERS 54 SECTION 4STRUCTURAL ASSEMBLIES 4.1BUILT-UP SECTIONS57 4.2MIXED SYSTEMS58 4.3LATERAL RESTRAINTS.58 SECTION 5CONNE
17、CTIONS 5.1GENERAL.60 5.2WELDED CONNECTIONS60 5.3BOLTED CONNECTIONS.64 SECTION 6TESTING 6.1TESTING FOR DETERMINING MATERIAL PROPERTIES .71 6.2TESTING FOR ASSESSMENT OR VERIFICATION72 AS/NZS 4673:20014 Page APPENDICES ALIST OF REFERENCED DOCUMENTS .75 BMECHANICAL PROPERTIES.77 CSTAINLESS STEEL PROPERT
18、IES83 DSTAINLESS STEEL FASTENERS.101 EFLEXURAL MEMBERS SUBJECTED TO POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE BENDING .104 FFATIGUE105 GFIRE 111 HSECTION PROPERTIES 113 IUNSTIFFENED ELEMENTS WITH STRESS GRADIENT.117 JHOLLOW SECTION LATTICE GIRDER CONNECTIONS118 KDETERMINATION OF THE CAPACITY STRENGTH REDUCTION FACTOR13
19、0 AS/NZS 4673:2001 COPYRIGHT 5 STANDARDS AUSTRALIA/STANDARDS NEW ZEALAND Australian/New Zealand Standard Cold-formed stainless steel structures S E C T I O N 1 S C O P E A N D G E N E R A L 1.1 SCOPE This Standard sets out minimum requirements for the design of stainless steel structural members col
20、d-formed to shape from annealed or temper-rolled sheet, strip, plate or flat bar stainless steels used for load-carrying purposes in buildings. It may also be used for structures other than buildings provided appropriate allowances are made for dynamic effects. For the purpose of this Standard, stee
21、ls with at least 10.5% chromium and up to 1.2% carbon are considered as stainless steels. 1.2 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS The documents referred to in this Standard are listed in Appendix A. 1.3 DEFINITIONS For the purpose of this Standard, the definitions below apply. Definitions peculiar to a particular
22、clause or section are also given in that clause or section. NOTE: In this Standard, terms in square brackets relate to New Zealand use. 1.3.1 Action Effect The cause of stress, dimensional change, or displacement in a structure or a component of a structure. 1.3.2 Action effect Action or load effect
23、 action The internal force, moment, deformation, crack, or like effect caused by one or more actions effects. 1.3.3 Arched compression element A circular or parabolic arch-shaped compression element having an inside radius-to- thickness ratio greater than 8, stiffened at both ends by edge stiffeners
24、. (See Figure 1.3(d).) 1.3.4 Bend Portion adjacent to flat elements and having a maximum inside radius-to-thickness ratio (ri/t) of 8. (See Figure 1.1.) 1.3.5 Braced member One for which the transverse displacement of one end of the member relative to the other is effectively prevented. 1.3.6 Can Im
25、plies a capability or possibility and refers to the ability of the user of the Standard, or to a possibility that is available or that might occur. AS/NZS 4673:2001 COPYRIGHT 6 1.3.7 Capacity Strength reduction factor A factor used to multiply the nominal capacity to obtain the design capacity. 1.3.
26、8 Cold-formed stainless steel structural members Shapes that are manufactured by press-braking blanks sheared from sheets, cut lengths of coils or plates, or by roll-forming cold- or hot-rolled coils or sheets; both forming operations being performed at ambient room temperature, that is, without man
27、ifest addition of heat as required for hot-forming. 1.3.9 Design action effect Design action or design load effect design action The action effect or load effect action calculated from the design actions design forces or design loads. 1.3.10 Design action Design force or design load The combination
28、of the nominal actions nominal effects or loads and the load factors, as specified in the relevant loading Standard. 1.3.11 Design capacity The product of the nominal capacity and the capacity strength reduction factor. 1.3.12 Effective design width Where the flat width of an element is reduced for
29、design purposes, the reduced design width is termed the effective width or effective design width. 1.3.13 Elements Simple shapes into which a cold-formed structural member is considered divided and may consist of the following shapes: (a)Flat elementsappearing in cross-section as rectangles. (See Fi
30、gure 1.2.) (b)Bendsappearing in cross-section as sectors of circular rings, having the inside radius-to-thickness ratio less than or equal to eight (ri/t 8). (See Figure 1.2.) (c)Arched elementscircular or parabolic elements having the inside radius-to- thickness ratio greater than eight (ri/t 8). (
31、See Figure 1.2.) 1.3.14 Feed width (wf) Width of coiled or flat steel used in the production of a cold-formed product. 1.3.15 Flat-width-to-thickness ratio The flat width of an element measured along its plane, divided by its thickness. 1.3.16 Flexural-torsional buckling A mode of buckling in which
32、compression members can bend and twist simultaneously without change of cross-sectional shape. 1.3.17 Initial Youngs modulus The initial slope of the stress-strain curve. (See Appendix B.) 1.3.18 Length (of a compression member) The actual length (l) of an axially loaded compression member, taken as
33、 the length centre- to-centre of intersections with supporting members, or the cantilevered length in the case of a freestanding member. 1.3.19 Limit state A state beyond which the structure no longer satisfies the design performance requirements. NOTE: Limit states separate desired states no failur
34、e from undesired states failure. AS/NZS 4673:2001 COPYRIGHT 7 1.3.19.1 Limit state, serviceability A state that corresponds to conditions beyond which specified service requirements for a structure or structural element are no longer met. NOTE: Requirements are based on the intended use and may incl
35、ude limits on deformation, vibratory response, degradation or other physical aspects. 1.3.19.2 Limit state, stability A limit state corresponding to the loss of static equilibrium of a structure considered as a rigid body. NOTE: In New Zealand, the stability limit state is part of the ultimate limit
36、 state. 1.3.19.3 Limit state, ultimate A state associated with collapse, or with other similar forms of structural failure. NOTE: This generally corresponds to the maximum load-carrying resistance of a structure or structural element but in some cases to the maximum applicable strain or deformation.
37、 1.3.20 Load An externally applied limit state force including self-weight. 1.3.21 Local buckling A mode of buckling involving plate flexure alone without transverse deformation of the line or lines of intersection of adjoining plates. 1.3.22 May Indicates the existence of an option. 1.3.23 Multiple
38、-stiffened element An element that is stiffened between webs, or between a web and a stiffened edge, by means of intermediate stiffeners that are parallel to the direction of stress. (See Figure 1.3(c).) 1.3.24 Nominal action Nominal effect or nominal load An unfactored action effect or load determi
39、ned in accordance with the relevant loading Standard. 1.3.25 Nominal capacity The capacity of a member or connection calculated using the parameters specified in this Standard. 1.3.26 Point-symmetric section A section symmetrical about a point (centroid) such as a Z-section having equal flanges. (Se
40、e Figure 1.5(b).) 1.3.27 Proof stress The stress at a nominated plastic strain. (See Appendix B.) 1.3.28 Proof testing The application of test loads to a structure, sub-structure, member or connection to ascertain the structural characteristics of only that one unit under test. 1.3.29 Prototype test
41、ing The application of test loads to one or more structures, sub-structures, members or connections to ascertain the structural characteristics of that class of structures, sub- structures, members or connections that are nominally identical to the units tested. AS/NZS 4673:2001 COPYRIGHT 8 1.3.30 S
42、egment (in a member subjected to bending) The length between adjacent cross-sections that are fully or partially restrained, or the length between an unrestrained end and the adjacent cross-section that is fully or partially restrained. 1.3.31 Secant modulus The slope of a line from the origin to a
43、point on the stress-strain curve. (See Appendix B.) 1.3.32 Shall Indicates that a statement is mandatory. 1.3.33 Should Indicates a recommendation. 1.3.34 Special study A procedure for the analysis or design, or both, of the structure, agreed between the authority having statutory powers to control
44、the design and erection of a structure, and the design engineer. 1.3.35 Stiffened or partially stiffened compression element A flat compression element (i.e. a plane compression flange of a flexural member or a plane web or flange of a compression member) of which both edges parallel to the directio
45、n of stress are stiffened by a web, flange, edge stiffener, intermediate stiffener, or the like. (See Figure 1.3(a).) 1.3.36 Stiffener(s) 1.3.36.1 Edge stiffener Formed element at the edge of a flat compression element. (See Figure 1.4(a).) 1.3.36.2 Intermediate stiffeners Formed elements, employed
46、in multiple stiffened segments, and located between edges of stiffened elements. (See Figure 1.4(b).) 1.3.37 Structural ductility factor A numerical assessment of the ability of a structure to sustain cyclic inelastic displacements. 1.3.38 Structural performance factor A numerical assessment of the
47、ability of a building to survive cyclic displacements. 1.3.39 Structural response factor The level of force reduction available for a given system compared with an elastic structural system. 1.3.40 Sub-element The portion between adjacent stiffeners, or between web and intermediate stiffener, or bet
48、ween edge and stiffener. 1.3.41 Tangent modulus The slope tangential to the stress-strain curve. (See Appendix B.) 1.3.42 Temper rolling Cold-working of annealed stainless steel by rolling to achieve increased strength. AS/NZS 4673:2001 COPYRIGHT 9 1.3.43 Tensile strength The minimum ultimate streng
49、th in tension specified for the grade of steel in the appropriate Standard. 1.3.44 Thickness The base steel thickness (t), exclusive of coatings. 1.3.45 Unformed steel Steel as received from the steel producer or warehouse before being cold-worked as a result of fabricating operations. 1.3.46 Unformed steel properties Mechanical properties of unformed steel, such as yield stress, tensile strength and ductility. 1.3.47 Unstiffened compression element A flat compression