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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 1000 65/651 + 657/659:1991 Universal Decimal Classification English full edition FID publication no. 483 UDC 65/651 + 657/659 Management and organization of industry and commerce UDC 025.45:65/651 + 657/659 Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Nov 24 03:22:19 GMT+00:00
2、 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 100065/651 + 657/659:1991 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Information and Documentation Standards Policy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 29 March 1991 BSI 03-2000
3、First published September 1968 Second edition March 1991 The following BSI reference relates to the work on this standard: Committee reference DOT/3 ISBN 0 580 19004 8 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Information and Docum
4、entation Standards Policy Committee (DOT/-) to Technical Committee DOT/3, upon which the following bodies were represented: Aslib Association of British Library and Information Studies Schools British Library British Steel Industry CAB International Chemical Industries Association Classification Res
5、earch Group Cranfield Institute of Technology Department of the Environment (Property Services Agency) Institute of Information Scientists Institution of Electrical Engineers Library Association Polytechnic of North London Royal Institute of British Architects Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyor
6、s Standing Conference of National and University Libraries Textile Research Council (Hatra) University College London, School of Library Archive and Information Studies The following bodies were also represented in the drafting of the standard, through subcommittees and panels: Advertising Associati
7、on British Institute of Management Chartered Institute of Management Accountants Department of Trade and Industry Management Services and Manpower Division (Library) Institute of Administrative Management Institute of Chartered Accountants Institute of Public Relations Institution of Production Engi
8、neers London Business School Polytechnic of Central London Trades Union Congress Watford College Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.DateComments Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Nov 24 03:22:19 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 100065/651 + 657/659:1991 BSI 03-200
9、0i Contents Page Committees responsibleInside front cover Forewordii Scope1 Principal divisions of UDC 651 Related subjects1 Auxiliary signs and subdivisions2 Disclaimer2 Typographic presentation2 Special auxiliary subdivisions for 653 65.01/.07 General aspects3 Principal divisions6 651Office manage
10、ment. Office practice. Office work6 657Accountancy10 658Business and industrial management. Administration. Commercial organization15 659Publicity. Advertising. Information services. Public relations (PR)26 Alphabetical subject index34 Related BSI publicationsInside back cover Licensed Copy: sheffie
11、ldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Nov 24 03:22:19 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 100065/651 + 657/659:1991 ii BSI 03-2000 Foreword The Universal Decimal Classification (UDC) was originally derived from Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC), and published in French from 1904 to 1907. It is manage
12、d by the International Federation for Information and Documentation (FID), PO Box 90402, 2509 LK The Hague, Netherlands. The preparation and publication of the English versions of UDC as BS 1000 was at the original joint request of the British Society for International Bibliography (BSIB) and the As
13、sociation of Special Libraries and Information Bureaux (ASLIB), now amalgamated as Aslib, the Association for Information Management. It was approved by Lake Placid Education Foundation, New York, then proprietors of the Dewey Decimal Classification. DDC is now published by Forest Press, a division
14、of OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc., Albany, N.Y., the current owner of the copyright in DDC. English editions of UDC are authorized by FID at various levels of inclusiveness. This is part of the English full edition. We suggest that this section should be used in conjunction with a synopsi
15、s of UDC such as BS 1000M UDC. International Medium Edition. English text, which refers to many other subjects of interest not listed in this schedule, and provides a conspectus of the whole scheme, together with an introduction to its use. For further practical information about the principles, app
16、lication and use of the scheme, users should refer to BS 1000C Guide to the Universal Decimal Classification. This edition of BS 100065/651 + 657/659 supersedes the 1968 edition. This edition includes modifications authorized in Extensions and Corrections to the UDC (FID publication no. 248) up to a
17、nd including Series 13, No 3, dated July 1989. Subsequent issues of Extensions and Corrections to the UDC should be consulted to keep the schedule up to date. British Standards related to this Part of BS 1000 are listed on the inside back cover. A British Standard does not purport to include all the
18、 necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii,
19、pages 1 to 66, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Nov 24 03:22:19 GMT+00:00 2006,
20、 Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 100065/651 + 657/659:1991 BSI 03-20001 Scope Under 65 is classed general information about management and organization of the office, communication, printing, publishing, book trade, transport, accountancy, business, industry and commerce, publicity, advertising, publi
21、c relations (PR) and information. Organization of knowledge in general is covered by 001, organization of human societies and the State, law and public administration by 3. Only the application of machines, equipment and installations, used in support of management and organization, are classed unde
22、r 65. Their production or manufacture is classed under 62, 66/69 etc. Further scope notes precede the main classes. The sections 654, 655 and 656 are published in separate volumes of BS 1000. Principal divisions of UDC 65 Related subjects 65.0Special auxiliary subdivisions 651Office management. Offi
23、ce practice. Office work 654Telecommunication and telecontrol (organization, services) 655Graphic industries. Printing. Publishing. Book trade 656Transport and postal services. Traffic organization and control 657Accountancy 658Business and industrial management. Administration. Commercial organizat
24、ion 659Publicity. Advertising. Information services. Public relations (PR) 001Science and knowledge in general. Organization of intellectual work 002Documentation. Books. Writings. Authorship 003Writing systems and scripts. Signs and symbols. Codes. Graphic representations 005Study of organization.
25、Classification and taxonomy 006Standardization and standards 007Activity and organizing. Information. Communication and control theory. Cybernetics 025.4Classification and indexing 06Organizations and other types of cooperation. Associations. Congresses. Exhibitions 070Newspapers. Journalism 159.9Ps
26、ychology 31Demography. Sociology. Statistics 32Politics 33Economics 331Labour. Employer. Employee 331.108Personnel administration, work regulations and discipline 332Regional economics. Territorial economics. Land. Property. Real estate 334Forms of organization and cooperation in the economy 336Fina
27、nce. Public finance. Customs. Banking and monetary systems 336.7Money. Banking. Stock market 338Economic policy. Management of the economy. Production. Services. Prices 338.5Prices. Pricing. Costs 339Trade. Commerce. International economic relations. World economy 34Law. Jurisprudence 347.7Commercia
28、l law. Company law 51Mathematics 519.8Operational research 62Engineering. Technology 64.03Management of household budgets. Purchases. Consumer interests, policies and research 655Graphic industries. Printing. Publishing. Book trade 656.03Tariffs. Tickets. Charges 67/68Various industries, trades, cra
29、fts for finished or assembled articles 676.2Paper and board 681.3Data processing equipment 681.6Graphic reproduction machines and equipment Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Nov 24 03:22:19 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI BS 100065/651 + 657/659:1991 2 BSI 03-2000 Auxiliary
30、signs and subdivisions Full information about the common and special auxiliary signs and subdivisions (often abbreviated to “common and special auxiliaries”) will be found in BS 1000M and BS 1000C. Colon sign of relation For the classification of information for the public, as in abstracts and bibli
31、ographies, maximum use of colon combination rather than of common and special auxiliaries is recommended. The use of the colon sign of relation is preferable for multiple entry systems, as it will help prevent the concealment of information. This usually results in longer notation, however, and for
32、information for more restricted use the application of auxiliaries, where available, may be simpler and more convenient provided that there is an adequate alphabetical subject index. Common auxiliaries The common auxiliaries of language = ., form (0 .), place (1/9), race and nationality (= .), time
33、“.”, non-UDC notation (e.g. az), point of view .00., materials -03. and persons -05. are applicable throughout the UDC. However, they should be used mainly to express concepts not otherwise provided for in the schedules. Special auxiliaries The .0 special auxiliaries listed under 65 are applicable t
34、o any relevant subdivision of 65. They may be detached and applied to any subdivision of the number at which they are listed, e.g. 65.027.5 Guarantees 658.8 Marketing. Sales. Selling. Distribution 658.8.027.5 Sales guarantees 654 and 656 have separate series of auxiliaries. The -1/-9 special auxilia
35、ries listed under 62 are applicable throughout the schedule. They may be applied to any subdivision of 65 where the result forms a meaningful combination. Disclaimer In a few cases, proprietary names are included in this edition if they are in common use and help to define the concept intended. No r
36、eflections on their legal status, either by the British Standards Institution or by any of its cooperating organizations, are intended, and none should be inferred from this publication. Typographic presentation Small type is used for cancelled numbers and text. The arrow F means either “see” or “se
37、e also” according to the context. The symbol = “subdivide as” means that the number preceding it may be subdivided in the same way as, and with meanings analogous to the subdivisions of, the number which follows it. 681.8Office equipment. Stationery. Writing, drawing and artists accessories 69Buildi
38、ng trade. Building materials, practice and procedure 72Architecture 73/76Various arts and crafts 77Photography and similar processes 778.1Photocopying, photographic reproduction and printing. Reprography Licensed Copy: sheffieldun sheffieldun, na, Fri Nov 24 03:22:19 GMT+00:00 2006, Uncontrolled Cop
39、y, (c) BSI BS 100065/651 + 657/659:1991 BSI 03-20003 Schedule 65 Management and organization of industry, trade, communication and transport Persons and personal characteristics may be denoted by Table Ik -05 Persons Special auxiliary subdivisions for 65 The special auxiliaries -1/-9 listed under 62
40、 are also applicable in 65 unless otherwise indicated The following .0 special auxiliaries may be used for the classification of general material here in 65 as well as for the classification in the subdivisions: 651 “Office management. Office practice. Office work”, 657 “Accountancy”, 658 “Business
41、and industrial management. Administration. Commercial organization” and 659 “Publicity. Advertising. Information services. Public relations (PR)”, e.g. 65.011.56 Automation in general 657.1.011.56 Automation in bookkeeping. For their usage in 655 see 655.0 654 and 656 have separate series of special
42、 auxiliaries 65.01METHODS AND METHODOLOGY. THEORY AND PRACTICE OF ORGANIZATION F005 Study of organization. Methodology 007 Activity and organizing. Information. Communication and control theory generally (cybernetics) 65.011BASIC PRINCIPLES. EFFICIENCY. RATIONALIZATION. PRODUCTIVITY F174.4 Business
43、morals. Success Philosophy .1Business policy. Purpose. Aims. Objectives. Targets .12Economic objectives .14Non-economic objectives .2Evaluation. Establishment of indicators, standard values, target values For resources (error in BS 1000 65/651 + 657/659:1968) F 33 .22Fixed .24Variable .26Single, ind
44、ividual .27Average figures. Mean values .28Marginal values, limits .4Productivity. Profitability. Rationalization. Degree of effectiveness. Simplification. Cost-consciousness. Results F006 Standardization and standards 06.049.42Departments for planning, work study, organization and methods Generalit
45、ies 330.111.4Factors, determinants of production. Productivity General economics 330.13 Profitability. Economic principle. Utility. Value 331.103.3 Work study. Time and motion study Labour 338.31 Productivity. Output Economic situation and policy. Management of the economy 657.479.3 Cost reduction A
46、ccountancy 658.5 Production management and planning .42Rationalization .44Profitability, economic efficiency 65.011.46Managerial and technical productivity .47Value analysis. Utility value cost analysis F330.133.1 Utility value. Value in use General economics 48Simplification .5Manual work. Mechaniz
47、ation. Automation F338.36 Production according to technological development .52Manual work .54Mechanization .55Industrialization .56Automation, e.g. robotics F003.295 Codes designed mainly to be machine-readable 681.3 Data processing equipment 681.5 Automatic control engineering. Control systems, te
48、chniques, equipment. Cybernetic and automation technology .7Errors. Defects. Faults. Deficiencies. Misuse. Abuse F658.56Quality control. Tools, materials, product management and control .72Errors. Defects. Faults. Deficiencies .74Misuse. Abuse .76Business myopia, lack of foresight .8Improvements. Re
49、forms. Reorganization F65.016.7Change, transformation, conversion. Reconstruction 658.56Quality control. Control and management of tools, materials and products 65.012METHODS .1Investigations. Observations. Tests, experimentation For straw polls use 303.425.6 or 32.019.52 .12Investigations. Observations. Analyses .122Investigation of work flow and planning. Operational research. Linear programming F519.852Linear programming Mathematics 519.87 Mathematical models for operational research .123Decision models. Decision charts. Decision tree