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1、 ANSI/BHMA A156.1-2006 Revision of ANSI/BHMA A156.1-2000 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD FOR BUTTS AND HINGES SPONSOR BUILDERS HARDWARE MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION, INC. Approved October 11, 2006 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS INSTITUTE, INC. 2 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD An American National Standard implies
2、a consensus of those substantially concerned with its scope and provisions. An American National Standard is intended as a guide to aid the manufacturer, the consumer and the general public. The existence of an American National Standard does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he has approv
3、ed the Standard or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes or procedures not conforming to the Standard. American National Standards are subject to periodic review and users are cautioned to obtain the latest editions. CAUTION NOTICE: This American National Stand
4、ard is permitted to be revised or withdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute require that action be taken to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this Standard no later than five years from the date of publication. Purchasers of American National Standards receive cu
5、rrent information on all Standards by calling or writing the American National Standards Institute. Published by BUILDERS HARDWARE MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION, INC. 355 Lexington Avenue New York, New York 10017 Copyright 2006 by the Builders Hardware Manufacturers Association, Inc. Not to be reproduc
6、ed without specific authorization from BHMA Printed in the USA This Standard was first published June 1969 by the Builders Hardware Manufacturers Association. It was entitled, “Standard 101 BHMA Product Standards Section A Butts and Hinges.“ ANSI approval was secured under the Canvass Method. BHMA w
7、as accredited on 21 March 1983 by ANSI as a sponsor using the Canvass Method. 3 FOREWORD (This Foreword is not a part of ANSI/BHMA A156.1) The general classification of builders hardware includes a wide variety of items which are divided into several categories. To recognize this diversity, a sectio
8、nal classification system has been established. Butts and Hinges is one such section and this Standard is a result of the collective efforts of members of the Builders Hardware Manufacturers Association, Inc. who manufacture this product. The total Product Standards effort is, therefore, a collectio
9、n of sections, each covering a specific category of items. Performance tests and, where necessary, material and dimensional requirements have been established to insure safety and stability to which the public is entitled. There are no restrictions on design except for those dimensional requirements
10、 imposed for reasons given above. It is also required that hinges fit certain cut-out dimensions. The BHMA recognizes that errors will be found, items will become obsolete, and new products, methods and materials will be developed. With this in mind, the Association plans to update, correct and revi
11、se these Standards on a regular basis. In most cases, products have been described in grade levels related to performance with Grade 1 being the top rating. Grade classifications indicate levels only within their own product category. Choice of grade and specific product are made on the basis of uti
12、lity, aesthetics, security objectives and end use desired. The BHMA numbers which indicate types of hardware do not identify size, finish, or design and are not intended to be used without necessary supplementary information. Individual manufactures catalogs are consulted. Users of this Standard con
13、sult applicable local building codes as to requirements affecting the functions of hinges used on fire doors. 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. SCOPE.5 2. DEFINITIONS5 3. GENERAL 6 4. TEST EQUIPMENT .8 5. TEST PROCEDURES.9 6. TESTS FOR HINGES.11 7. DETENTION HINGES.13 8. ILLUSTRATIONS OF TEST APPARATUS FOR FUL
14、L MORTISE HINGES13 9. ILLUSTRATIONS, TYPE NUMBERS AND DESCRIPTIONS OF HINGES.15 10. EXPLANATION OF NUMBERING SYSTEM.22 APPENDIX A (NOT A PART OF A156.1)23 5 1. SCOPE 1.1 This Standard establishes requirements for lightweight, standard weight, heavy weight and detention hinges. Cycle tests, lateral a
15、nd vertical wear tests, friction tests, strength tests, finish tests, and material and dimensional requirements are included. 1.2 Tests described in this Standard are performed under laboratory conditions. In actual usage, results vary because of installation, maintenance and environmental condition
16、s. 1.3 Consult NFPA 80 - 1999 for Fire Doors and Windows concerning hinge requirements for fire doors. 2. DEFINITIONS 2.1 Bearings 2.1.1 Anti-Friction Bearing Bearing material between the various moving parts of a hinge. 2.1.2 Plain Bearing (non anti-friction bearing). When no bearing material is be
17、tween the various moving parts of a hinge. 2.2 Butt Hinge See Full Mortise Hinge 2.3 Detention Hinge A hinge having higher security attributes than conventional hinges and subject to more stringent tests. These hinges are usually constructed with a maximum security pin. Alternate designs which meet
18、the higher security attributes are acceptable. 2.4 Full Mortise Hinge A hinge having one leaf mortised into the hinge edge of a door and the other leaf mortised into the rabbet of a frame. 2.5 Full Surface Hinge A hinge having one leaf attached to the face of a door and the other leaf attached to th
19、e face of a door frame. 2.6 Half Mortise Hinge A hinge having one leaf mortised into the hinge edge of a door and the other leaf attached to the face of a door frame. 2.7 Half Surface Hinge A hinge having one leaf attached to the face of a door and the other leaf mortised into the rabbet of a door f
20、rame. 2.8 Hospital Tips A hinge barrel having sloped ends. 2.9 Maximum Security Pin (MSP) A hinge pin that has been fixed after insertion by welding, pinning, or other permanent means to prevent hinge pin removal without the use of special tools. Set screws are not permitted. Affords greater securit
21、y than a Non-Removable Pin. 2.10 Non-Removable Pin (NRP) A hinge pin secured by a set screw or other equivalent means and affords less security than the Maximum Security Pin. This modification is intended as a deterrent only. 2.11 Olive Knuckle Hinge A pivot hinge with a joint shaped like an olive.
22、2.12 Pivot Hinge A hinge with a fixed pin and a single joint having a height less than the adjacent hinge leaves. 2.13 Raised Barrel A full mortise hinge having an offset barrel. 2.14 Reverse Safety Stud A projecting member on the back of each full mortise leaf that engages a hole in the door and ja
23、mb hinge reinforcing plates. 2.15 Safety Stud A projecting member on one surface of a full mortise hinge leaf that engages a hole in the opposite leaf when the door is closed. 6 2.16 Slip-In Hinge A hinge where one or both leaves slide into a cavity prepared in a door or door frame thus concealing o
24、ne or both hinge leaves. 2.17 Swaging Offsetting a hinge leaf at the barrel so the surface of the leaf is not tangent to the outer diameter of the barrel. 2.18 Swing Clear Hinge A hinge that swings a door completely clear of the opening when the door is opened 90 to 95 degrees. 3. GENERAL 3.1 Bearin
25、g Surfaces Anti-friction bearings shall be used in Grades 1 and 2 for standard and heavy weight hinges. 3.2 Fastenings All products shall be complete with screws, bolts, or other fastenings, as required and of size necessary for application and shall be compatible with the product as to finish and m
26、aterial. 3.3 Swaging The clearance between the leaves of full mortise hinges when closed to the parallel position shall be 1/16 1/64 in (1.6 0.4 mm) unless specifically noted otherwise. 3.4 Stainless Steel Pins All standard and heavy weight non-ferrous type hinges of Grades 1, 2, and 3 shall be equi
27、pped with stainless steel pins. Protruding heads of any material of stainless steel pins shall match finish of hinge. 3.5 Non-rising Loose Pins Pins shall be removable without damaging exposed surfaces of the hinge or tip and shall be retained by means that offer effective resistance to movement of
28、the pin from its seat, but allows the pin to be removed by moderate force. 3.6 Options Hinges listed are permitted to be equipped with the following options (consult individual manufacturers catalogs): Hospital Tips Reverse Safety Stud Maximum Security Pin (MSP) Safety Stud Nonremovable Pins (NRP) S
29、pecial Decorator Tips (see manufacturers catalog) Raised Barrel Special Fasteners Round Corners 5/32 in. (4 mm), 1/4 in. (6.4 mm), or 5/8 in. (16 mm) radius Special Swaging 3.7 Templates Hinges made to template shall have dimensions, screw hole locations and tolerances in accordance with ANSI/BHMA S
30、tandard A156.7-2003 for Template Hinge Dimensions. 7 3.8 Gage and Fastener Requirements: Hinge Height +0/-0.015 in. (+0/-0.4 mm) Inches (mm) Gauge of Metal + .005 in (+0.83mm) Inches (mm) No. of Screw Holes per Mortised Leaf “A” Heavy Weight 4 1/2 (114) 0.180 (4.6) 4 in. (114 mm) detention hinge is
31、permitted to be .188 + .005 in (4.8 + .13 mm) 4 5 (127) 0.190 (4.8) 4 6 (152) 0.203 (5.2) 5 8 (203) 0.203 (5.2) 7 min. “B“ Standard Weight 3 1/2 ( 89) 0.123 (3.1) 3 4 (102) 0.130 (3.3) 4 4 1/2 (114) 0.134 (3.4) 4 5 (127) 0.146 (3.7) 4 6 (152) 0.160 (4.1) 5 “C“ Design Options - The design illustratio
32、ns and descriptions shown are for type descriptions only and do not limit design options available such as two or three knuckle hinges, concealed bearings and other modifications. Items of each design, therefore, that meet the performance tests in each grade category shall be a design option for the
33、 one illustrated. See manufacturers catalogs. 3.9 Dimensions All dimensions which do not carry specific tolerances or are not marked maximum or minimum are permitted to have deviations. US units are used in this Standard with approximate SI unit (metric) equivalents given in parentheses. 3.10 Door P
34、reparation The application of butts and hinges to steel door and frame preparations shall be coordinated with the specifications in ANSI/SDI A250.6 and A250.7 for Steel Doors and Frames. 3.11 Reference to Other Standards Standards referenced in this Standard are available from , www.ansi.org, www.st
35、eeldoor.org, and www.astm.org. 8 4. TEST EQUIPMENT 4.1 Door Provide a door structure of a conventional wood or metal door that is not mortised for hinges, or a skeletonized structure having an equivalent center of gravity in all directions after weights are applied. Hinge mounting surface of a door
36、shall be a continuous steel strip with a minimum thickness of 1/4 in (6.4 mm). The dimension from the hinge axis to the edges of the mounting surfaces and to a plane parallel to the door face through the center of gravity of the door are listed in 8.2 for all sizes of square, full mortise hinges. 4.
37、2 Jamb A rigid, vertical steel jamb that is not mortised for hinges with a minimum thickness of 1/4 in (6.4 mm) shall be erected to hang the test door. Hinge mounting surfaces shall lie in the same plane and be plumb. Door stops or latching devices shall not be used. The door shall swing freely thro
38、ugh a 90 degree test arc. 4.3 Blocks Steel jamb mounting blocks 1/4 in (6.4 mm) minimum thickness shall be provided for each of the hinges. They shall be of such rectangular dimensions as shall accommodate the leaves of the specimens and shall be over-sized to the extent that three 1/2 in - 20 x 3/4
39、 in (12.7 mm - 20 x 19 mm) hexagon head cap screws plus lock washers shall be applied to each block making it tight to the jamb (see 8.2). Holes for these cap screws shall be of such diameter as shall permit 1/8 in (3.2 mm) adjustment in all mounting plane directions before tightening. 4.4 Drilling
40、Hinge jamb mounting blocks as well as door hinge mounting surface shall be drilled and tapped in accordance with the following: Template: Within .005 in (0.13 mm) of true position as shown by manufacturers template drawing. Non-template: Within .005 in (0.13 mm) of the hole locations of the particul
41、ar test specimen. Both hole patterns shall be accurately placed so that hinge-pin axes be normally collinear. 4.5 Weighing Means Means of weighing doors of 40 - 300 lbs (18 kg - 136 kg) shall be provided for heavy, standard, and light weight hinges, and up to 1200 lbs (545 kg) for triple weight hing
42、es. 4.6 Test Door Weight Requirements1 Hinge Height or Type Grades 1 the qualifying lateral measurement is the average of these two. At the conclusion of cycle testing, each specimen shall again be measured as above to determine the displacement between leaves and knuckles. Record measurements of we
43、ar for all hinges. The measurements of the greatest wear shall be compared to the permissible figures. 5.11 Overload Test Procedure A static load test shall precede and follow the dynamic load test using the same setup and door weights. With the door in 0 degree (closed) position, add and remove 150
44、 lbs (69 kg) at a point on the door at a horizontal distance from the hinge axis equal to the test door width shown in paragraph 4.6.1. Lateral shift of the door is away from the jamb at the top hinge. Adaptations of the procedure and limits are permitted if necessary for certain special purpose hin
45、ges. Take measurements in accordance with the procedures in 5.10. 5.12 Friction Test Procedure Prior to conducting the cycle test, force to overcome friction or out of balance condition shall not exceed the values given below when the force is measured perpendicular to the door 30 in (762 mm) from t
46、he pivot center on the vertical centerline after the door has been manually cycled 20 times from the fully closed to fully open positions. Hinges shall be mounted in accordance with 5.2, 5.3, 5.4 and 5.5. Frictional measurements are to be taken starting at 45 degrees and opening the door slowly to 6
47、0 degrees, then resetting the door to 45 degrees and closing to 30 degrees. Take the peak reading in each direction and record the average. The average of the two readings shall be the recorded value. The weights of the doors shall be in accordance with para. 4.6.1. Requirements - Maximum Resistance
48、 lbf. (N) Inches (mm) 3 (76) 3 1/2 (89) 4 (102) 4 1/2 (114) 5 (123) 6 (153) 8 (203) Gr. 1 Full Door Also Acceptable 6.7 Salt Spray Test. This test shall be conducted in accordance with 3.1 and 3.2 in ANSI/BHMA A156.18-2000 for Materials and Finishes for the exposure times given below. Requirements.
49、Salt Spray Exposure Hours All Grades Painted material 48 Hours Non-Ferrous material - plated or unplated, coated or uncoated 72 Hours Ferrous material multiple plated, coated or uncoated 24 Hours Ferrous material single plated, coated or uncoated 18 Hours Stainless steel 200 Hours 6.7.1 Finish Test Parts. The parts for finish testing shall be selected at random and shall be three pieces. When one part is noticeably poorer than the others tested, this defective part shall be ignored as an isolated